将getElementById更改为getElementsByClassName [未定义]

时间:2018-07-31 17:30:14

标签: javascript html

我在使用getElementsByClassName时遇到问题。单击添加按钮时,它会以名称undefined而不是值"hello"出现在列表中。我在做什么错了?

代码:

function addItem(){
  var ul = document.getElementById("dynamic-list");
  var candidate = document.getElementsByClassName("candidate");
  var li = document.createElement("li");
  li.setAttribute('class',candidate.value);
  li.appendChild(document.createTextNode(candidate.value));
  ul.appendChild(li);
}

function removeItem(){
  var ul = document.getElementById("dynamic-list");
  var candidate = document.getElementsByClassName("candidate");
  var item = document.getElementsByClassName(candidate.value);
  ul.removeChild(item);
}
<ul id="dynamic-list"></ul>
<button type="submit" class="item" value="hello" onclick="addItem()">ADD</button>
<button onclick="removeItem()">remove item</button>

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

问题是您试图获取不存在的DOM元素candidate的值。可能的解决方案可能是向按钮ADD添加ID属性,并在函数中获取此元素:

 function addItem() {
      var ul = document.getElementById("dynamic-list");
      var candidate = document.getElementById("item");
      var li = document.createElement("li");
      li.setAttribute('class', candidate.value);
      li.appendChild(document.createTextNode(candidate.value));
      ul.appendChild(li);
    }
    <ul id="dynamic-list"></ul>
    <button type="submit" class="item" id="item" value="hello" onclick="addItem()">ADD</button>
    <button onclick="removeItem()">remove item</button>

答案 1 :(得分:0)

代码的主要问题是类名candidate在HTML中不存在。如果您的目标是使用此类引用“ ADD”按钮,则您需要在HTML中将其类别更改为candidate,或者将JS更改为引用其实际类item。 / p>

此外,顾名思义,getElementsByClassName返回的是{em>多个元素而不是单个元素的NodeList。这意味着您需要从该列表中选择一个要操作的元素。相反,您的代码将这种方法视为仅返回要直接作用的单个元素(即Node而不是NodeList)。对于您的addItem函数,此更改微不足道; item类只有一个元素,因此只需选择NodeList的第一个元素(即元素0)。对于removeItem函数,假设您要首先删除最近添加的节点(LIFO样式),则需要删除NodeList中的 last 元素(如果存在)(来自DOM)。有关所有这些更改和一些说明性的注释,请参见下面的更新的代码段:

function addItem(){
  var ul = document.getElementById("dynamic-list");
  // We know that the "candidate" is always the first—and only—element with the class name "item"
  var candidate = document.getElementsByClassName("item")[0];
  var li = document.createElement("li");
  li.setAttribute('class',candidate.value);
  li.appendChild(document.createTextNode(candidate.value));
  ul.appendChild(li);
}

function removeItem(){
  var ul = document.getElementById("dynamic-list");
  // We know that the "candidate" is always the first—and only—element with the class name "item"
  var candidate = document.getElementsByClassName("item")[0];
  // The "items" variable is introduced to hold the list of all added ".hello" elements, the last of which we will remove
  var items = document.getElementsByClassName(candidate.value);
  // Safety check: it's possible that there are no more ".hello" elements remaining, in which case there's nothing to remove
  if (items.length > 0) {
    // Access the last element of the NodeList and remove it from the DOM
    var item = items[items.length - 1];
    ul.removeChild(item);
  }
}
<ul id="dynamic-list"></ul>
<button type="submit" class="item" value="hello" onclick="addItem()">ADD</button>
<button onclick="removeItem()">remove item</button>