Question

我对编程非常陌生，我正在尝试用python 3.6编写一个程序，该程序会生成一个随机数作为“答案”，然后计算机必须猜测该答案是否包含x个问题。为了跟踪计算机猜对了多少个问题，我创建了一个称为“正确”的变量，如果计算机的答案等于猜测，则将一个变量添加到该变量中。但是，即使错了，它也会每次执行。抱歉，这看起来很愚蠢，但谢谢您的帮助

import random
def total(x, t):
        for i in range(t):
                cor = 0
                gue = 0
                n = 0
                right = 0
                def ans():
                         cor = random.randint(1,4)
                         print(cor, 'answer')
                def guess():
                         gue = random.randint(1,4)
                         print(gue, 'guess')
                while n <= x:
                         ans()
                         guess()
                         if cor == gue:
                                 right += 1
                         n += 1 
                print(right, n)

Answer 1

我试图通过将ans()和guess()函数移到total(x,t)函数之外来略微修改您的代码，因为它们似乎彼此独立。先前ans和guess随机生成cor和gue，但没有返回要在if语句中使用的值，该语句始终使用的初始值0。现在，通过将返回值另存为cor = ans()和gue = guess()，0和cor的{{1}}的初始化值将被覆盖。

gue

输出

import random

def ans():
    cor = random.randint(1,4)
    print(cor, 'answer')
    return cor

def guess():
    gue = random.randint(1,4)
    print(gue, 'guess')
    return gue

def total(x, t):
    for i in range(t):
        cor = 0
        gue = 0
        n = 0
        right = 0
        while n <= x:
            cor = ans()
            gue = guess()
            if cor == gue:
                     right += 1
            n += 1 
    print(right, n)


print (total(2,3))

Answer 2

ans和guess之类的嵌套函数可能很有用，但是我在开始编程时会尽量避免使用它。它使您的程序更难以理解。

这是您要尝试做的事情（如果我正确理解的话！）

import random

# Play number_of_games_to_play of the number guessing game allowing a maximum of max_guesses per game played.
def play(number_of_games_to_play, max_guesses):
    num_games = 0
    guessed_right = 0
    while num_games < number_of_games_to_play:
        if guess_number(max_guesses):
            guessed_right += 1
        num_games += 1
    print('\n\nI played', num_games, 'games and guessed right', guessed_right, 'times')

# Generate a random number, try and guess it up to max_guesses times. Returns whether the number was guessed correctly or not.
def guess_number(max_guesses):
    answer = random.randint(1, 4)
    print('\n\nPlaying guess_number. The right answer is', answer)
    num_guesses = 0
    while num_guesses < max_guesses:
        guess = random.randint(1, 4)
        print('The computer guesses', guess)
        if guess == answer:
            print('That is right!')
            return True
        else:
            print('That is wrong')
        num_guesses += 1
    return False

play(number_of_games_to_play = 5, max_guesses = 4)

Answer 3

我认为您在变量范围方面遇到问题：函数内部的import { Injectable, ErrorHandler } from '@angular/core'; import {ErrorLogService} from './error-log.service'; // Global error handler for logging errors @Injectable() export class GlobalErrorHandler extends ErrorHandler { constructor(private errorLogService: ErrorLogService) { //Angular provides a hook for centralized exception handling. //constructor ErrorHandler(): ErrorHandler super(); } handleError(error) : void { this.errorLogService.logError(error); } }和import { NgModule, ErrorHandler } from '@angular/core'; import {ErrorLogService} from './error-logg.service'; import {GlobalErrorHandler} from './global-error.service'; @NgModule({ declarations: [ AppComponent, LoginComponent, UserComponent ], imports: [ BrowserModule, FormsModule, HttpClientModule, RouterModule.forRoot([ { path: '', component: AppComponent, pathMatch: 'full', canActivate: [AuthGuard]}, { path: 'user', component: UserComponent, canActivate: [AuthGuard]}, { path: 'login', component: LoginComponent}]) ], providers: [ ErrorLogService, // register global error log service GlobalErrorHandler,// register global error handler EmployeeService, // register Employee service ValidationService, //register Validation Service AuthenticationService, //register Authentication Service UserService],//register User Service bootstrap: [AppComponent] }) export class AppModule { }与变量外部的变量不同。您的函数没有更改cor和gue的值，它们正在创建两个仅存在于其中的新变量（也分别命名为cor和gue）。因此，cor和gue始终为0，if语句中的条件始终为true，并且每次都要递增cor。要解决此问题，可以将变量作为参数传递给函数。

Answer 4

问题来自可变范围。在方法ans中定义的可变核心与for循环中初始化的可变核心不同。更好的方法是：

随机导入

def ans():
    c = random.randint(1, 4)
    return c


def guess():
    g = random.randint(1, 4)
    return g


def total(x, t):
    for i in range(t):
        n = 0
        right = 0
        while n <= x:
            cor = ans()
            gue = guess()
            if (cor == gue):
                right += 1
            print("Answer: %6d Guess: %6d Right: %d" % (cor, gue, right))
            n += 1
        print(right, n)

Python-带有随机数的If语句不起作用

4 个答案: