使用Node.js,Express和Mongoose上传图像

时间:2011-03-01 01:25:25

标签: node.js image file-upload express mongoose

请考虑更新的答案,这些答案包含多年来发生变化的最新信息!

由于许多新的Node.js库很快就被淘汰了,而且我想要询问有关使用以下内容上传图像的例子相对较少:

  • Node.js(v0.4.1)
  • Express(1.0.7)
  • 猫鼬(1.1.0)。

其他人是如何做到的?

我找到了node-formidable,但我不熟悉上传图片,所以我想学习使用Node.js和Express的一般内容和方法。

13 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:75)

我第一次回答我自己的问题。我直接从源头找到了一个例子。请原谅可怜的缩进。复制和粘贴时我不确定如何正确缩进。该代码直接来自GitHub上的Express multipart/form-data example

// Expose modules in ./support for demo purposes
require.paths.unshift(__dirname + '/../../support');

/**
 * Module dependencies.
 */

var express = require('../../lib/express')
  , form = require('connect-form');

var app = express.createServer(
  // connect-form (http://github.com/visionmedia/connect-form)
  // middleware uses the formidable middleware to parse urlencoded
  // and multipart form data
  form({ keepExtensions: true })
);

app.get('/', function(req, res){
  res.send('<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">'
    + '<p>Image: <input type="file" name="image" /></p>'
    + '<p><input type="submit" value="Upload" /></p>'
    + '</form>');
});

app.post('/', function(req, res, next){

  // connect-form adds the req.form object
  // we can (optionally) define onComplete, passing
  // the exception (if any) fields parsed, and files parsed
  req.form.complete(function(err, fields, files){
    if (err) {
      next(err);
    } else {
      console.log('\nuploaded %s to %s'
        ,  files.image.filename
        , files.image.path);
      res.redirect('back');
    }
  });

  // We can add listeners for several form
  // events such as "progress"
  req.form.on('progress', function(bytesReceived, bytesExpected){
    var percent = (bytesReceived / bytesExpected * 100) | 0;
    process.stdout.write('Uploading: %' + percent + '\r');
  });
});

app.listen(3000);
console.log('Express app started on port 3000');

答案 1 :(得分:47)

由于你正在使用express,只需添加bodyParser:

app.use(express.bodyParser());

然后您的路线将自动访问req.files中的上传文件:

app.post('/todo/create', function (req, res) {
    // TODO: move and rename the file using req.files.path & .name)
    res.send(console.dir(req.files));  // DEBUG: display available fields
});

如果您将输入控件命名为“todo”(在Jade中):

form(action="/todo/create", method="POST", enctype="multipart/form-data")
    input(type='file', name='todo')
    button(type='submit') New

当你在'files.todo'中获得路径和原始文件名时,上传的文件就准备好了:

  • req.files.todo.path和
  • req.files.todo.name

其他有用的req.files属性:

  • 大小(以字节为单位)
  • 类型(例如,'image / png')
  • lastModifiedate
  • _writeStream.encoding(例如'binary')

答案 2 :(得分:19)

您可以在主应用程序文件的配置块中配置连接主体解析器中间件:

    /** Form Handling */
    app.use(express.bodyParser({
        uploadDir: '/tmp/uploads',
        keepExtensions: true
    }))
    app.use(express.limit('5mb'));

答案 3 :(得分:14)

请注意,您可以做的最好的事情就是将图像上传到磁盘并将URL保存在MongoDB中。再次检索图像时休息。只需指定URL,即可获得图像。上传代码如下。

app.post('/upload', function(req, res) {
    // Get the temporary location of the file
    var tmp_path = req.files.thumbnail.path;
    // Set where the file should actually exists - in this case it is in the "images" directory.
    target_path = '/tmp/' + req.files.thumbnail.name;
    // Move the file from the temporary location to the intended location
    fs.rename(tmp_path, target_path, function(err) {
        if (err)
            throw err;
        // Delete the temporary file, so that the explicitly set temporary upload dir does not get filled with unwanted files.
        fs.unlink(tmp_path, function() {
            if (err)
                throw err;
            //
        });
    });
});

现在将目标路径保存在MongoDB数据库中。

同样,在检索图像时,只需从MongoDB数据库中提取URL,然后在此方法中使用它。

fs.readFile(target_path, "binary", function(error, file) {
    if(error) {
        res.writeHead(500, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
        res.write(error + "\n");
        res.end();
    }
    else {
        res.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "image/png"});
        res.write(file, "binary");
    }
});

答案 4 :(得分:9)

试试这个代码。它会有所帮助。

app.get('/photos/new', function(req, res){
  res.send('<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">'
    + '<p>Data: <input type="filename" name="filename" /></p>'
    + '<p>file: <input type="file" name="file" /></p>'
    + '<p><input type="submit" value="Upload" /></p>'
    + '</form>');
});


 app.post('/photos/new', function(req, res) {
  req.form.complete(function(err, fields, files) {
    if(err) {
      next(err);
    } else {
      ins = fs.createReadStream(files.photo.path);
      ous = fs.createWriteStream(__dirname + '/directory were u want to store image/' + files.photo.filename);
      util.pump(ins, ous, function(err) {
        if(err) {
          next(err);
        } else {
          res.redirect('/photos');
        }
      });
      //console.log('\nUploaded %s to %s', files.photo.filename, files.photo.path);
      //res.send('Uploaded ' + files.photo.filename + ' to ' + files.photo.path);
    }
  });
});

if (!module.parent) {
  app.listen(8000);
  console.log("Express server listening on port %d, log on to http://127.0.0.1:8000", app.address().port);
}

答案 5 :(得分:8)

您还可以使用以下方法设置保存文件的路径。

req.form.uploadDir = "<path>";

答案 6 :(得分:5)

created an example使用Express和Multer。它非常简单,可以避免所有 Connect 警告

这可能对某人有帮助。

答案 7 :(得分:2)

对于Express 3.0,如果要使用强大的事件,则必须删除多部分中间件,以便创建它的新实例。

要做到这一点:

app.use(express.bodyParser());

可以写成:

app.use(express.json());
app.use(express.urlencoded());
app.use(express.multipart()); // Remove this line

现在创建表单对象:

exports.upload = function(req, res) {
    var form = new formidable.IncomingForm;
    form.keepExtensions = true;
    form.uploadDir = 'tmp/';

    form.parse(req, function(err, fields, files){
        if (err) return res.end('You found error');
        // Do something with files.image etc
        console.log(files.image);
    });

    form.on('progress', function(bytesReceived, bytesExpected) {
        console.log(bytesReceived + ' ' + bytesExpected);
    });

    form.on('error', function(err) {
        res.writeHead(400, {'content-type': 'text/plain'}); // 400: Bad Request
        res.end('error:\n\n'+util.inspect(err));
    });
    res.end('Done');
    return;
};

我也在我的博客 Getting formidable form object in Express 3.0 on upload 上发布了此内容。

答案 8 :(得分:2)

如果您不想使用bodyParser,则以下工作原理如下:

var express = require('express');
var http = require('http');
var app = express();

app.use(express.static('./public'));


app.configure(function(){
    app.use(express.methodOverride());
    app.use(express.multipart({
        uploadDir: './uploads',
        keepExtensions: true
    }));
});


app.use(app.router);

app.get('/upload', function(req, res){
    // Render page with upload form
    res.render('upload');
});

app.post('/upload', function(req, res){
    // Returns json of uploaded file
    res.json(req.files);
});

http.createServer(app).listen(3000, function() {
    console.log('App started');
});

答案 9 :(得分:1)

我知道原来的问题与特定版本有关,但它也提到了“最新” - @JohnAllen的帖子由于Expressjs bodyParser and connect-form

而不再相关

这演示了易于使用的内置bodyParser():

 /**
 * Module dependencies.
 */

var express = require('express')

var app = express()
app.use(express.bodyParser({ keepExtensions: true, uploadDir: '/home/svn/rest-api/uploaded' }))

app.get('/', function(req, res){
  res.send('<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">'
    + '<p>Image: <input type="file" name="image" /></p>'
    + '<p><input type="submit" value="Upload" /></p>'
    + '</form>');
});

app.post('/', function(req, res, next){

    res.send('Uploaded: ' + req.files.image.name)
    return next()

});

app.listen(3000);
console.log('Express app started on port 3000');

答案 10 :(得分:0)

这是一种使用强大的程序包上传图像的方法,在Express的更高版本中推荐使用bodyParser。这还包括动态调整图像大小的功能:

从我的网站:Uploading and Resizing Images (on the fly) With Node.js and Express

这是要点:

var express = require("express"),
app = express(),
formidable = require('formidable'),
util = require('util')
fs   = require('fs-extra'),
qt   = require('quickthumb');

// Use quickthumb
app.use(qt.static(__dirname + '/'));

app.post('/upload', function (req, res){
  var form = new formidable.IncomingForm();
  form.parse(req, function(err, fields, files) {
    res.writeHead(200, {'content-type': 'text/plain'});
    res.write('received upload:\n\n');
    res.end(util.inspect({fields: fields, files: files}));
  });

  form.on('end', function(fields, files) {
    /* Temporary location of our uploaded file */
    var temp_path = this.openedFiles[0].path;
    /* The file name of the uploaded file */
    var file_name = this.openedFiles[0].name;
    /* Location where we want to copy the uploaded file */
    var new_location = 'uploads/';

    fs.copy(temp_path, new_location + file_name, function(err) {  
      if (err) {
        console.error(err);
      } else {
        console.log("success!")
      }
    });
  });
});

// Show the upload form 
app.get('/', function (req, res){
  res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/html' });
  /* Display the file upload form. */
  form = '<form action="/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">'+ '<input name="title" type="text" />
  '+ '<input multiple="multiple" name="upload" type="file" />
  '+ '<input type="submit" value="Upload" />'+ '</form>';
  res.end(form); 
}); 
app.listen(8080);

注意:这需要使用Image Magick快速调整大小。

答案 11 :(得分:0)

我的方法是多个上传文件:

Nodejs:

router.post('/upload', function(req , res) {

var multiparty = require('multiparty');
var form = new multiparty.Form();
var fs = require('fs');

form.parse(req, function(err, fields, files) {  
    var imgArray = files.imatges;


    for (var i = 0; i < imgArray.length; i++) {
        var newPath = './public/uploads/'+fields.imgName+'/';
        var singleImg = imgArray[i];
        newPath+= singleImg.originalFilename;
        readAndWriteFile(singleImg, newPath);           
    }
    res.send("File uploaded to: " + newPath);

});

function readAndWriteFile(singleImg, newPath) {

        fs.readFile(singleImg.path , function(err,data) {
            fs.writeFile(newPath,data, function(err) {
                if (err) console.log('ERRRRRR!! :'+err);
                console.log('Fitxer: '+singleImg.originalFilename +' - '+ newPath);
            })
        })
}
})

确保您的表单包含enctype =&#34; multipart / form-data&#34;

我希望这能帮到你;)

答案 12 :(得分:0)

在将字符串转换为字符串后,只需在前端将图像中的字符串转换为文件即可轻松存储文件

使用您的api中的此代码将图像转换为base64字符串,也不要忘记从上传文件夹中删除文件

"img": new Buffer.from(fs.readFileSync(req.file.path)).toString("base64")

删除文件

       let resultHandler = function (err) {
            if (err) {
                console.log("unlink failed", err);
            } else {
                console.log("file deleted");
            }
        }

        fs.unlink(req.file.path, resultHandler);

在您的路线上输入multer

 `multer const multer = require('multer');
  const upload = multer({ dest: __dirname + '/uploads/images' });`
  Add upload.single('img') in your request

  router.post('/fellows-details', authorize([Role.ADMIN, Role.USER]), 
        upload.single('img'), usersController.fellowsdetails);

OR

如果您想将图像保存在localstorage中并想在数据库中保存路径,可以尝试以下方法

您必须首先安装fs-extra,它将创建文件夹。我正在按ID创建单独的文件夹,如果要删除它,可以将其删除。和 要保存上传图片的路径,请将此代码添加到您用于保存图片的api或控制器中,并将其与其他数据一起添加到数据库中

    let Id = req.body.id;
    let path = `tmp/daily_gasoline_report/${Id}`;

multer创建一个单独的文件夹,例如multerHelper.js

 const multer = require('multer');
 let fs = require('fs-extra');

 let storage = multer.diskStorage({
 destination: function (req, file, cb) {
    let Id = req.body.id;
    let path = `tmp/daily_gasoline_report/${Id}`;
    fs.mkdirsSync(path);
    cb(null, path);
 },
 filename: function (req, file, cb) {
    // console.log(file);

  let extArray = file.mimetype.split("/");
  let extension = extArray[extArray.length - 1];
  cb(null, file.fieldname + '-' + Date.now() + "." + extension);
 }
})

let upload = multer({ storage: storage });

let createUserImage = upload.array('images', 100);

let multerHelper = {
     createUserImage,
}

   module.exports = multerHelper;

在您的路线中导入multerhelper文件

   const multerHelper = require("../helpers/multer_helper");

   router.post(multerHelper. createUserImage , function(req, res, next) {
      //Here accessing the body datas.
    })