在Django中,如何查找违反唯一合在一起约束的行?

时间:2018-07-23 22:05:44

标签: python django database migration unique-constraint

对于以下API端点,

import json

from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.http import JsonResponse, HttpResponseBadRequest
from django.views.decorators.http import require_POST

from lucy_web.models import UserApn


@login_required
@require_POST
def save_apn(request, version):
    player_id = json.loads(request.body).get('player_id')
    if player_id:
        UserApn.objects.get_or_create(user=request.user, player_id=player_id)
        return JsonResponse({'status': 'success'})
    else:
        return HttpResponseBadRequest()

这是基础模型:

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models
from .timestamped_model import TimeStampedModel


class UserApn(TimeStampedModel):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User)
    player_id = models.CharField(max_length=255)

get_or_create()的调用已引发一些MultipleObjectsReturned错误。为了解决这个问题,我想对unique_togetheruser施加player_id约束。但是,首先,我必须编写数据迁移,以消除违反此唯一共同约束的行。

如何编写一个选择这些查询的查询?现在提出了以下建议:

def remove_duplicate_apns(apps, schema_editor):
    UserApn = apps.get_model('lucy_web', 'UserApn')

    previous_user_id = None
    previous_player_id = None
    for apn in UserApn.objects.all().order_by('user_id', 'player_id'):
        if apn.user_id == previous_user_id and apn.player_id == previous_player_id:
            print(f'deleting {apn} (id: {apn.id})')
            apn.delete()
        else:
            previous_user_id = apn.user_id
            previous_player_id = apn.player_id

不过,这似乎也可以在单个查询中完成。

更新

我发现一个人可以将userplayer_id这两个字段传递给.values(),然后使用.distinct()检查重复项。例如,以下测试通过:

from django.test import TestCase

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from myapp.models import UserApn


class UserApnTest(TestCase):
    def test_1(self):
        user = User.objects.create_user(username='jayz')
        apn1 = UserApn.objects.create(user=user, player_id='foo')
        apn2 = UserApn.objects.create(user=user, player_id='foo')
        apn3 = UserApn.objects.create(user=user, player_id='bar')

        self.assertEqual(
            len(UserApn.objects.values('user', 'player_id')) -
            len(UserApn.objects.values('user', 'player_id').distinct()), 1)

问题仍然存在,那就是此输出是带有user_idplayer_id的字典,但是原始的id丢失了,所以我以后不能{{1} }复制对象并删除它们。我该如何做类似的事情,但保留对重复对象的引用?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

我设法将重复的UserApn分为以下查询集:

UserApn.objects.all().difference(UserApn.objects.distinct('user', 'player_id'))

请注意,将多个参数传递给distinct()仅适用于PostgreSQL。