我正在尝试使用Oauth2授权访问基于javafx spring boot的应用程序。
我在github上浏览了许多教程,开始使用Spring Cloud,我成功设置了以zuul为网关的eureka服务器,并且工作正常
我有此授权服务器实现:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAuthorizationServer
@EnableEurekaClient
@RestController
@SessionAttributes("authorizationRequest")
public class AuthorizationApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(AuthorizationApplication.class, args);
}
@Configuration
static class MvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("login").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/oauth/confirm_access").setViewName("authorize");
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
}
}
@Configuration
static class LoginConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
.formLogin().loginPage("/login").permitAll()
.successHandler(new AuthenticationSuccessHandler() {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
response.getWriter().write("writting a success message here");
}
}).failureHandler(new AuthenticationFailureHandler() {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException {
response.getWriter().write("failure message Bad Credentials");
}
})
.and()
.requestMatchers()
.antMatchers("/", "/login", "/oauth/authorize", "/oauth/confirm_access")
.and()
.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest().authenticated()
.and().httpBasic().and().csrf().disable();
}
@Autowired
MDSUserDetailService mdsUserServiceDetail;
@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.userDetailsService(mdsUserServiceDetail);
}
}
@Profile("!cloud")
@Bean
RequestDumperFilter requestDumperFilter() {
return new RequestDumperFilter();
}
}
这是userServiceDetail实现
@Service
class MDSUserDetailService implements UserDetailsService {
@Autowired
private UserRepository repository;
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
demo.User user = repository.findByUtilisateur(username);
String password =user.getPassword();
boolean enabled = user.isEtatUtilisateur();
boolean accountNonExpired = user.getDateFin().after(repository.getCurrentTime());
boolean accountNonLocked = user.isEtatUtilisateur();
Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList();
return new User(username, password, enabled, accountNonExpired, true, accountNonLocked, authorities);
}
}
最后这是我的授权服务yml
spring:
application:
name: uaa
security:
oauth2:
client:
client-id: mds_group
client-secret: mds_group
scope: read, write
auto-approve-scopes: .*
authorization:
check-token-access: permitAll()
server:
port: 18080
context-path: /uaa
logging:
level:
org.springframework.security: DEBUG
现在,我将展示我的javafx客户端,它非常简单,是一个登录表单
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableOAuth2Sso
@EnableEurekaClient
@RibbonClients(
{
@RibbonClient(name = "uaa"),
@RibbonClient(name = "article")
}
)
public class ClientApplication extends Application{
ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext;
public static void main(String[] args) {
ClientApplication.launch(args);
}
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
OAuth2RestTemplate oauth2RestTemplate(OAuth2ClientContext oauth2ClientContext, OAuth2ProtectedResourceDetails details) {
return new OAuth2RestTemplate(details, oauth2ClientContext);
}
@Profile("!cloud")
@Bean
RequestDumperFilter requestDumperFilter() {
return new RequestDumperFilter();
}
@Override
public void start(Stage stage) throws Exception {
//launching java fx app here
applicationContext = SpringApplication.run(ClientApplication.class);
Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("/fxml/Login.fxml"));
Scene scene = new Scene(root);
stage.setScene(scene);
stage.setTitle("javafx oauth2 tutorial");
stage.show();
}
@Override
public void stop() throws Exception {
applicationContext.close();
}
}
这是我的Login.fxml控制器
@Component
public class LoginController implements Initializable {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
/**
* Initializes the controller class.
*/
@Override
public void initialize(URL url, ResourceBundle rb) {
// TODO
}
@FXML
private void doConnect(ActionEvent event) {
if(validate()){
Map<String,String> values = new HashMap<>();
values.put("username",username.getText());
values.put("password",password.getText());
restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
restTemplate.getMessageConverters().add(new StringHttpMessageConverter());
//https://localhost:9999/oauth/token?grant_type=password?username=user&password=user
ResponseEntity<String> request = restTemplate.postForEntity("http://localhost:9999/uaa/login?username="+username.getText()+"&password="+password.getText(), values, String.class);
request = restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:9999/uaa/oauth/token?grant_type=password?username="+username.getText()+"&password="+password.getText(), String.class , values);
//ResponseEntity<String> postForEntity = restTemplate.postForEntity(loginUrl, values, String.class);
System.out.println("post response "+request.getStatusCode().getReasonPhrase());
System.out.println("post response "+request.toString());
System.out.println("post response "+request.getHeaders().values());
}
}
private boolean validate() {
return true;
}
}
运行第一篇文章后就很好了,我得到了一个jsessionID,但是由于我试图使用OAUTH2,所以第二篇get不能正常工作,并且我在我的授权服务器中得到了这个日志异常
2018-07-23 15:55:13.002 DEBUG 10328 --- [io-18080-exec-9] o.s.security.web.FilterChainProxy : /oauth/token?password=HyiUucZK8elkbOiuSf5nx05CZwVNEYLiqW%2FzagK6iwg%3D&grant_type=password%3Fusername%3Dadministrateur at position 5 of 11 in additional filter chain; firing Filter: 'BasicAuthenticationFilter'
2018-07-23 15:55:13.002 DEBUG 10328 --- [io-18080-exec-9] o.s.security.web.FilterChainProxy : /oauth/token?password=HyiUucZK8elkbOiuSf5nx05CZwVNEYLiqW%2FzagK6iwg%3D&grant_type=password%3Fusername%3Dadministrateur at position 6 of 11 in additional filter chain; firing Filter: 'RequestCacheAwareFilter'
2018-07-23 15:55:13.002 DEBUG 10328 --- [io-18080-exec-9] o.s.security.web.FilterChainProxy : /oauth/token?password=HyiUucZK8elkbOiuSf5nx05CZwVNEYLiqW%2FzagK6iwg%3D&grant_type=password%3Fusername%3Dadministrateur at position 7 of 11 in additional filter chain; firing Filter: 'SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter'
2018-07-23 15:55:13.002 DEBUG 10328 --- [io-18080-exec-9] o.s.security.web.FilterChainProxy : /oauth/token?password=HyiUucZK8elkbOiuSf5nx05CZwVNEYLiqW%2FzagK6iwg%3D&grant_type=password%3Fusername%3Dadministrateur at position 8 of 11 in additional filter chain; firing Filter: 'AnonymousAuthenticationFilter'
2018-07-23 15:55:13.002 DEBUG 10328 --- [io-18080-exec-9] o.s.s.w.a.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter : Populated SecurityContextHolder with anonymous token: 'org.springframework.security.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationToken@905571d8: Principal: anonymousUser; Credentials: [PROTECTED]; Authenticated: true; Details: org.springframework.security.web.authentication.WebAuthenticationDetails@0: RemoteIpAddress: 192.168.44.1; SessionId: null; Granted Authorities: ROLE_ANONYMOUS'
2018-07-23 15:55:13.002 DEBUG 10328 --- [io-18080-exec-9] o.s.security.web.FilterChainProxy : /oauth/token?password=HyiUucZK8elkbOiuSf5nx05CZwVNEYLiqW%2FzagK6iwg%3D&grant_type=password%3Fusername%3Dadministrateur at position 9 of 11 in additional filter chain; firing Filter: 'SessionManagementFilter'
2018-07-23 15:55:13.002 DEBUG 10328 --- [io-18080-exec-9] o.s.security.web.FilterChainProxy : /oauth/token?password=HyiUucZK8elkbOiuSf5nx05CZwVNEYLiqW%2FzagK6iwg%3D&grant_type=password%3Fusername%3Dadministrateur at position 10 of 11 in additional filter chain; firing Filter: 'ExceptionTranslationFilter'
2018-07-23 15:55:13.003 DEBUG 10328 --- [io-18080-exec-9] o.s.security.web.FilterChainProxy : /oauth/token?password=HyiUucZK8elkbOiuSf5nx05CZwVNEYLiqW%2FzagK6iwg%3D&grant_type=password%3Fusername%3Dadministrateur at position 11 of 11 in additional filter chain; firing Filter: 'FilterSecurityInterceptor'
2018-07-23 15:55:13.003 DEBUG 10328 --- [io-18080-exec-9] o.s.s.w.u.matcher.AntPathRequestMatcher : Checking match of request : '/oauth/token'; against '/oauth/token'
2018-07-23 15:55:13.003 DEBUG 10328 --- [io-18080-exec-9] o.s.s.w.a.i.FilterSecurityInterceptor : Secure object: FilterInvocation: URL: /oauth/token?password=HyiUucZK8elkbOiuSf5nx05CZwVNEYLiqW%2FzagK6iwg%3D&grant_type=password%3Fusername%3Dadministrateur; Attributes: [fullyAuthenticated]
2018-07-23 15:55:13.003 DEBUG 10328 --- [io-18080-exec-9] o.s.s.w.a.i.FilterSecurityInterceptor : Previously Authenticated: org.springframework.security.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationToken@905571d8: Principal: anonymousUser; Credentials: [PROTECTED]; Authenticated: true; Details: org.springframework.security.web.authentication.WebAuthenticationDetails@0: RemoteIpAddress: 192.168.44.1; SessionId: null; Granted Authorities: ROLE_ANONYMOUS
2018-07-23 15:55:13.004 DEBUG 10328 --- [io-18080-exec-9] o.s.s.access.vote.AffirmativeBased : Voter: org.springframework.security.web.access.expression.WebExpressionVoter@2d8c2c29, returned: -1
2018-07-23 15:55:13.005 DEBUG 10328 --- [io-18080-exec-9] o.s.s.w.a.ExceptionTranslationFilter : Access is denied (user is anonymous); redirecting to authentication entry point
org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException: Access is denied
at org.springframework.security.access.vote.AffirmativeBased.decide(AffirmativeBased.java:84) ~[spring-security-core-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.access.intercept.AbstractSecurityInterceptor.beforeInvocation(AbstractSecurityInterceptor.java:233) ~[spring-security-core-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.invoke(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:124) ~[spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.doFilter(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:91) ~[spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:331) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:114) ~[spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:331) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter.doFilter(SessionManagementFilter.java:137) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:331) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.java:111) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:331) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.java:170) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:331) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter.doFilter(RequestCacheAwareFilter.java:63) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:331) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.www.BasicAuthenticationFilter.doFilterInternal(BasicAuthenticationFilter.java:158) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:331) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:116) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:331) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doFilterInternal(HeaderWriterFilter.java:64) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:331) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:105) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:331) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.doFilterInternal(WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.java:56) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:331) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:214) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:177) [spring-security-web-4.2.3.RELEASE.jar:4.2.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:346) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:262) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpPutFormContentFilter.java:105) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:81) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:197) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.MetricsFilter.doFilterInternal(MetricsFilter.java:106) [spring-boot-actuator-1.5.6.RELEASE.jar:1.5.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:198) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:478) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:80) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:624) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:799) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:868) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1455) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) [na:1.8.0_131]
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) [na:1.8.0_131]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.16.jar:8.5.16]
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748) [na:1.8.0_131]
如何获取AccessToken并避免出现此异常?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
请参阅此开发人员指南以了解Spring的OAuth客户端实现。 https://projects.spring.io/spring-security-oauth/docs/oauth2.html 您可能正在寻找的答案如下。
@Bean
public OAuth2RestOperations restTemplate() {
OAuth2RestTemplate template = new OAuth2RestTemplate(resource(), new
DefaultOAuth2ClientContext(accessTokenRequest));
AccessTokenProviderChain provider = new AccessTokenProviderChain(Arrays.asList(new
AuthorizationCodeAccessTokenProvider()));
provider.setClientTokenServices(clientTokenServices());
return template;
}.
将上述bean用于Spring的OAuth rest客户端,它将请求令牌,然后最终将该令牌传递给身份验证。您不必担心会获得令牌并将其作为标头传递,spring会通过上面的其余模板为您做到这一点。可以在文档中找到更多详细信息。