Question

我正在使用python 3.4，并且是面向对象编程的新手，并且希望访问子类中的父类成员。但是它不可访问。有人可以帮我摆脱这个问题吗？

# Base class members can be accessed in
# derived class using base class name.

# Parent or super class
class Company:

    def BasicInfo(self):
        self.CompanyName = "ABC Solutions"
        self.Address = "XYZ"

# Inherited or child class
class Employee(Company):
    # constructor
    def __init__(self, Name):
        print("Employee Name:", Name)
        print("Company Name:", self.CompanyName)

def main():
    # Create an object
    emp01 = Employee("John")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

下面提到的代码有效，但是使用相同的概念，我的代码无效，为什么？谁能解释我的原因。

class Room:                                                                     

    def __init__(self):                                                         
        self.roomno = 0                                                         
        self.rcap = 0                                                           
        self.rooms = {}                                                         
        self.nog = 10                                                            

    def addRoom(self):                                                          
        self.rcap = input("Please enter room capacity:\n")                      
        self.rooms[self.roomno] = self.rcap                                     

class Booking(Room):                                                            
    def addBooking(self):                                                       
        while int(self.nog) > int(self.rcap):                                   
            print("Guest count exceeds room capacity of: %d" % int(self.rcap))  

x = Booking()
x.addRoom()
x.addBooking()

Answer 1

您缺少对超类的BasicInfo方法的调用：

 def __init__(self, Name):
     print("Employee Name:", Name)
     super().BasicInfo()
     # ^^Here^^
     print("Company Name:", self.CompanyName)

您显然可以直接引用该类来代替super().BasicInfo()：

Company.BasicInfo(self)

在第二个示例中，子类未定义__init__方法，因此它将从父类继承该方法。结果，实例变量将出现在子类中。

Answer 2

您的基类方法BasicInfo永远不会被调用。如果您在子类的__init__中显式调用它，那么它将起作用

class Employee(Company):
    # constructor
    def __init__(self, Name):
        super(Employee, self).BasicInfo()
        print("Employee Name:", Name)
        print("Company Name:", self.CompanyName)

无法访问python基类中的父类成员

2 个答案: