如何创建List <webelement>并单击引发java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException的选项

Question

我正在测试xpath是动态的网站，并寻找一种方法来单击列表中的各种链接。我决定尝试在ul标签处创建一个静态的webelements列表。但是，当我这样做时，会出现如下所示的异常：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException: Index: 
2, Size: 1
at java.util.ArrayList.rangeCheck(ArrayList.java:657)
at java.util.ArrayList.get(ArrayList.java:433)
at automationFramework.ThirdIronTest.main(ThirdIronTest.java:40)

我知道li元素的大小大于1，因此我隐式地等待搜索每个元素，以确保每个页面都已加载，但它似乎仍然无法正常工作。我想念什么？

这是我的代码：

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, IOException {

    // Open Chrome browser
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

    // Maximize browser window
    driver.manage().window().maximize();

    // Navigate to QA Environment to begin test
    driver.get("https://qa-safari-develop.browzine.com/libraries/14/subjects");

    // Allow search for elements to wait for page(s) to load
    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

    //** HERE WE ARE CREATING ELEMNTS OF SUBJECT LIST
    List<WebElement> subjectElems = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"subjects-list\"]"));

    // Click on the subject Biomedical and Health Sciences from the Browse Subjects Navigation
    subjectElems.get(2).click();

Answer 1

发生索引越界异常是因为获得的WebElement列表的大小等于1。我的意思是，您想检索包含链接Biomedical and Health Science的<LI>元素。但是，代码段driver.findElements(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"subjects-list\"]"))的ID为<UL>的{​​{1}}元素在页面中是唯一的。因此，列表的大小为1，调用subject-list时会引发异常。

总结起来，要使其起作用，您应该做类似的事情：

subjectElems.get(2).click()

如果要遍历// Navigate to QA Environment to begin test driver.get("https://qa-safari-develop.browzine.com/libraries/14/subjects"); // Allow search for elements to wait for page(s) to load driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS); //** Getting the ul with the links WebElement subjectElems = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"subjects-list\"]")); // looking for an element with link text = Biomedical and Health Sciences WebElement biomedicalAndHealthSciences = subjectElems.findElement(By.linkText("Biomedical and Health Sciences")); System.out.println(biomedicalAndHealthSciences.getText()); // Click on the subject Biomedical and Health Sciences from the Browse Subjects Navigation biomedicalAndHealthSciences.click(); 中的所有链接：

<UL>

Answer 2

要为所有可用的主题创建列表，您需要为元素的可见性引入 WebDriverWait 然后单击您选择的主题，例如生物医学和健康科学，您可以使用以下解决方案：

• 代码块：

  import java.util.List;
  
  import org.openqa.selenium.By;
  import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
  import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
  import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
  import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
  import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
  
  public class click_list_item {
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
  
          System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:\\Utility\\BrowserDrivers\\geckodriver.exe");
          WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
          driver.get("https://qa-safari-develop.browzine.com/libraries/14/subjects");
          List<WebElement> myElements = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfAllElementsLocatedBy(By.xpath("//a[@class='subjects-list-subject ember-view']/span[@class='subjects-list-subject-name']")));
          for(WebElement elem:myElements)
              if(elem.getAttribute("innerHTML").contains("Biomedical and Health Sciences"))
              {
                  elem.click();
                  break;
              }
      }
  }
  

• 浏览器快照：