Question

我试图使用Django REST框架在单个基于通用类的API中实现所有CRUD。有没有办法在不更改终点的情况下并且在其中包含<int:pk>的情况下实现此目的？

我的主要动机是在URL文件中不包含<int:pk>，如果这样做的话，我将无法使用该URL进行创建。

api.py

from rest_framework import permissions
from rest_framework.generics import CreateAPIView, GenericAPIView
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model  # used custom user model
from rest_framework import mixins
from .serializers import UserSerializer

User = get_user_model()


class UserAPI(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin, mixins.UpdateModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
    queryset = User.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer
    lookup_field = 'pk'

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)

urls.py

    from django.urls import path, include, re_path
    from .api import UserAPI

    urlpatterns = [

        path('register/<int:pk>', UserAPI.as_view(), name='user_create'),


    ]

serializers.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from django.forms import ValidationError


User = get_user_model()


class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = '__all__'
        write_only_fields = ('password',)
        read_only_fields = ('id',)
        extra_kwargs = {'last_name': {'required': True}}

    password = serializers.CharField(write_only=True)

    def create(self, validated_data):

        user = User.objects.create(email=validated_data['email'],
                                   first_name=validated_data['first_name'],
                                   last_name=validated_data['last_name'],
                                   )

        user.set_password(validated_data['password'])
        user.save()
        return user

Answer 1

使用Modelviewset代替GenericAPIView

from rest_framework import viewsets


class UserAPI(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = User.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer

并将您的urls.py更改为

from django.urls import path, include, re_path
from .api import UserAPI
from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter

router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'register', UserAPI)
urlpatterns = [

              ] + router.urls

DefaultRouter类提供CRUD操作所需的所有端点。

这是API参考表：

| API end-points        | HTTP Method   | Result                                    |
|---------------------  |-------------  |------------------------------------------ |
| /register             | GET           | List of Users                             |
| /register             | POST          | Create new User                           |
| /register/{user_pk}   | GET           | Retrieve details of particular user       |
| /register/{user_pk}   | PUT           | Fully update particular user's info       |
| /register/{user_pk}   | PATCH         | Partially update particular user's info   |
| /register/{user_pk}   | DELETE        | Delete particular User's details from DB  |

如何在PUT请求的标头主体中发送pk而不是更改API端点网址

1 个答案: