带有拖放的Python Tkinter Table订单表列
我试图创建一个示例表/网格，其中的列可以通过拖放来移动。 我为此使用了tkinter树视图。 我的示例可以工作，但是基本，并且与C＃中的内置网格相比，我对它的操作/外观不满意。 有人可以改善我在这里所做的事情吗？
import Tkinter as tk
import ttk
def bDown(event):
print "button down ---------------------------"
global col_from
tv = event.widget
col = int(tv.identify_column(event.x)[1:]) - 1 # subtract 1 because display columns array 0 = tree column 1
col_from = col
print "selected index {}".format(col)
def bUp(event):
print "button up ---------------------------"
tv = event.widget
col_to = int(tv.identify_column(event.x)[1:]) - 1 # subtract 1 because display columns array 0 = tree column 1
if col_from != col_to:
dcols = list(tv["displaycolumns"])
if dcols[0] == "#all":
dcols = list(tv["columns"])
print "Display Columns"
print dcols
print "move from {} to {}".format(col_from, col_to)
if col_from > col_to:
dcols.insert(col_to, dcols[col_from])
dcols.pop(col_from + 1)
else:
dcols.insert(col_to + 1, dcols[col_from])
dcols.pop(col_from)
tv.config(displaycolumns=dcols)
print dcols
# Variable to hold initial choice of column to move
col_from = 0
root = tk.Tk()
# List of columns
columns = ["A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G"]
# Create treeview with columns. Display all columns
tree = ttk.Treeview(columns=columns)#, displaycolumns=columns)
# Set headers
for col in columns:
tree.heading(col, text=col)
# Make first column (tree node) very narrow
tree.column("#0", stretch=tk.N, minwidth=10, width=10)
# insert some items into the tree
for i in range(10):
tree.insert('', 'end',iid='line%i' % i, values=(i, i+10, i+20, i+30, i+40, i+50, i+60))
tree.grid()
tree.bind("<ButtonPress-1>", bDown)
tree.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>",bUp, add='+')
root.mainloop()
2 个答案:
答案 0 :(得分：0)
查看要移动的列的一种方法是在第二个Treeview中创建表的副本，但仅显示拖动的列。然后，此副本可以使用place和事件绑定跟随光标。这不如您在其他语言中看到的动画（在其中您可以看到列交换）看到的那样好，但是在拖动方面有所改善。
import Tkinter as tk
import ttk
def bDown(event):
global col_from, dx, col_from_id
tv = event.widget
if tv.identify_region(event.x, event.y) != 'separator':
col = tv.identify_column(event.x)
col_from_id = tv.column(col, 'id')
col_from = int(col[1:]) - 1 # subtract 1 because display columns array 0 = tree column 1
# get column x coordinate and width
bbox = tv.bbox(tv.get_children("")[0], col_from_id)
dx = bbox[0] - event.x # distance between cursor and column left border
tv.heading(col_from_id, text='')
visual_drag.configure(displaycolumns=[col_from_id])
visual_drag.place(in_=tv, x=bbox[0], y=0, anchor='nw', width=bbox[2], relheight=1)
else:
col_from = None
def bUp(event):
tv = event.widget
col_to = int(tv.identify_column(event.x)[1:]) - 1 # subtract 1 because display columns array 0 = tree column 1
visual_drag.place_forget()
if col_from is not None:
tv.heading(col_from_id, text=visual_drag.heading('#1', 'text'))
if col_from != col_to:
dcols = list(tv["displaycolumns"])
if dcols[0] == "#all":
dcols = list(tv["columns"])
if col_from > col_to:
dcols.insert(col_to, dcols[col_from])
dcols.pop(col_from + 1)
else:
dcols.insert(col_to + 1, dcols[col_from])
dcols.pop(col_from)
tv.config(displaycolumns=dcols)
def bMotion(event):
# drag around label if visible
if visual_drag.winfo_ismapped():
visual_drag.place_configure(x=dx + event.x)
# Variable to hold initial choice of column to move
col_from = 0
root = tk.Tk()
# List of columns
columns = ["A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G"]
# Create treeview with columns. Display all columns
tree = ttk.Treeview(root, columns=columns, show='headings') # , displaycolumns=columns)
# treeview to show column motion
visual_drag = ttk.Treeview(root, columns=columns, show='headings')
# Set headers
for col in columns:
tree.heading(col, text=col)
visual_drag.heading(col, text=col)
# insert some items into the tree
for i in range(10):
tree.insert('', 'end', iid='line%i' % i,
values=(i, i+10, i+20, i+30, i+40, i+50, i+60))
visual_drag.insert('', 'end', iid='line%i' % i,
values=(i, i+10, i+20, i+30, i+40, i+50, i+60))
tree.grid()
tree.bind("<ButtonPress-1>", bDown)
tree.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>",bUp)
tree.bind("<Motion>",bMotion)
root.mainloop()
您也可以在拖曳列时交换列，方法是检入bMotion是否被拖移的列的中心在新列内：
import Tkinter as tk
import ttk
def swap(tv, col1, col2):
dcols = list(tv["displaycolumns"])
if dcols[0] == "#all":
dcols = list(tv["columns"])
id1 = tree.column(col1, 'id')
id2 = tree.column(col2, 'id')
i1 = dcols.index(id1)
i2 = dcols.index(id2)
dcols[i1] = id2
dcols[i2] = id1
tv["displaycolumns"] = dcols
def bDown(event):
global dx, col_from_id
tv = event.widget
if tv.identify_region(event.x, event.y) != 'separator':
col = tv.identify_column(event.x)
col_from_id = tv.column(col, 'id')
# get column x coordinate and width
bbox = tv.bbox(tv.get_children("")[0], col_from_id)
dx = bbox[0] - event.x # distance between cursor and column left border
# tv.heading(col_from_id, text='')
visual_drag.configure(displaycolumns=[col_from_id])
visual_drag.place(in_=tv, x=bbox[0], y=0, anchor='nw', width=bbox[2], relheight=1)
else:
col_from_id = None
def bUp(event):
visual_drag.place_forget()
def bMotion(event):
tv = event.widget
# drag around label if visible
if visual_drag.winfo_ismapped():
x = dx + event.x
# middle of the dragged column
xm = int(x + visual_drag.column('#1', 'width')/2)
visual_drag.place_configure(x=x)
col = tv.identify_column(xm)
# if the middle of the dragged column is in another column, swap them
if tv.column(col, 'id') != col_from_id:
swap(tv, col_from_id, col)
# Variable to hold initial choice of column to move
col_from = 0
root = tk.Tk()
# List of columns
columns = ["A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G"]
# Create treeview with columns. Display all columns
tree = ttk.Treeview(root, columns=columns, show='headings') # , displaycolumns=columns)
# treeview to show column motion
visual_drag = ttk.Treeview(root, columns=columns, show='headings')
# Set headers
for col in columns:
tree.heading(col, text=col)
visual_drag.heading(col, text=col)
# insert some items into the tree
for i in range(10):
tree.insert('', 'end', iid='line%i' % i,
values=(i, i+10, i+20, i+30, i+40, i+50, i+60))
visual_drag.insert('', 'end', iid='line%i' % i,
values=(i, i+10, i+20, i+30, i+40, i+50, i+60))
tree.grid()
tree.bind("<ButtonPress-1>", bDown)
tree.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>",bUp)
tree.bind("<Motion>",bMotion)
root.mainloop()
答案 1 :(得分：0)
一个简单的类调用就可以完成：
MoveTreeviewColumn(mytoplevel, mytree)
- 使用对齐网格
- 在列标题上按住鼠标按钮以启动
- 从左到右再向后移动列
- 树形视图下方的按钮被涂黑
- 列显示为矩形边框
- 当您松开按钮时，Treeview 列会重新排序
这个周末刚写的代码，所以可以使用润色：
try: # Python 3
import tkinter as tk
except ImportError: # Python 2
import Tkinter as tk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
from collections import namedtuple
from os import popen
BUTTON_HEIGHT = 63 # Button region to black out during move
class MoveTreeviewColumn:
""" Shift treeview column to preferred order """
def __init__(self, toplevel, treeview, row_release=None):
self.toplevel = toplevel
self.treeview = treeview
self.row_release = row_release # Button-Release not on heading
self.region = None # Region of treeview clicked
self.col_cover_top = None # toplevel move columns
self.col_top_is_active = False # column move in progress?
self.canvas = None # tk Canvas with column photos
self.col_being_moved = None # Column being moved in '#?' form
self.col_swapped = False # Did we swap a column?
self.images = [] # GIC protected image list
self.canvas_names = [] # treeview column names
self.canvas_widths = [] # matching widths
self.canvas_objects = [] # List of canvas objects
self.canvas_x_offsets = [] # matching x-offsets within canvas
self.canvas_index = None # Canvas index being moved
self.canvas_name = None # Treeview column name
self.canvas_object = None # Canvas item object being moved
self.canvas_original_x = None # Canvas item starting offset
self.start_mouse_pos = None # Starting position to calc delta
self.treeview.bind("<ButtonPress-1>", self.start)
self.treeview.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>", self.stop)
self.treeview.bind("<B1-Motion>", self.motion)
def close(self):
self.treeview.unbind("<ButtonPress-1>")
self.treeview.unbind("<ButtonRelease-1>")
self.treeview.unbind("<B1-Motion>")
def start(self, event):
"""
Button 1 was just pressed for library treeview or backups treeview
:param event: tkinter event
:return:
"""
#print('<ButtonPress-1>', event.x, event.y)
self.region = self.treeview.identify("region", event.x, event.y)
if self.region != 'heading':
return
Mouse = namedtuple('Mouse', 'x y')
# noinspection PyArgumentList
self.start_mouse_pos = Mouse(event.x, event.y)
if self.col_cover_top is not None:
print('toolkit.py MoveTreeviewColumn attempting to create self.col_cover_top a second time.')
return
self.create_move_column()
if self.col_top_is_active is False:
return # Released button quickly or error creating top level
# The column being moved - Recalculated after snap to grid
self.col_being_moved = self.treeview.identify_column(event.x)
#print('self.col_being_moved:', self.col_being_moved)
self.get_source(self.col_being_moved)
self.treeview.config(cursor='boat red red') # boat cursor supports red
self.col_swapped = False
#print('\n columns BEFORE:', self.canvas_names)
def stop(self, event):
""" Determine if we were in motion before we lifted mouse button
"""
if self.region != 'heading':
# If button release not on heading call optional row_release
if self.row_release is not None:
self.row_release(event)
return
''' Destroy toplevel used for moving columns on canvas '''
if self.col_top_is_active:
# Destroy top level window covering up old music player position
if self.col_cover_top is not None:
if self.col_swapped:
#print('columns AFTER :', self.canvas_names)
self.treeview["displaycolumns"] = self.canvas_names
self.toplevel.update_idletasks() # just in case
self.col_cover_top.destroy()
self.col_cover_top = None
self.col_top_is_active = False
self.treeview.config(cursor='')
def motion(self, event):
"""
What if only 1 column?
What if horizontal scroll and non-displayed columns to left or right
of displayed treeview columns? Need to compare 'displaycolumns' to
current treeview.
:param event: Tkinter event with x, y, widget
:return:
"""
if self.region != 'heading':
return
# Calculate delta - distance travelled since startup or snap to grid
change = event.x - self.start_mouse_pos.x
# Calculate new start, middle and ending x offsets for source object
new_x = int(self.canvas_original_x + change) # Sometimes we get float?
new_middle_x = new_x + self.canvas_widths[self.canvas_index] // 2
new_x2 = new_x + self.canvas_widths[self.canvas_index]
self.canvas.coords(self.canvas_object, (new_x, 0)) # Move on screen
''' Make column snap to next (jump) when over half way -
Either half of target is covered or half of source
has moved into target
'''
if change < 0: # Mouse is moving column to the left
if self.canvas_index == 0:
return # We are already first column on left
target_index = self.canvas_index - 1
target_start_x, target_middle_x, target_end_x = self.get_target(
target_index)
if new_x > target_middle_x and new_middle_x > target_end_x:
return # Not eligible for snap to grid
elif change > 0: # Mouse is moving column to the right
if self.canvas_index == len(self.canvas_x_offsets) - 1:
return # We are already last column on right
target_index = self.canvas_index + 1
target_start_x, target_middle_x, target_end_x = self.get_target(
target_index)
if new_x2 < target_middle_x and new_middle_x < target_start_x:
return # Not eligible for snap to grid
else:
#print('toolkit.py MoveTreeviewColumn motion() called with no motion.')
# Common occurrence when mouse moves fraction back and forth
return # Mouse didn't change position
''' Swap our column and the target column beside us (snap to grid).
Calculate jump factor and then make mouse jump by same amount
'''
''' Diagnostic section
print('\n<B1-Motion>', event.x, event.y)
print('\tcanvas_index :', self.canvas_index,
'\ttarget_index: :', target_index,
'\toriginal_x :', self.canvas_original_x)
print('\tnew_x :', new_x,
'\tnew_middle_x :', new_middle_x,
'\tnew_x2 :', new_x2)
print('\ttarget_start_x :', target_start_x,
'\ttarget_middle_x:', target_middle_x,
'\ttarget_end_x :', target_end_x)
'''
if target_index < self.canvas_index:
# snapping to grid on left
if self.canvas_index == 0:
return # Can't go before first column
new_target_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[target_index] + \
self.canvas_widths[self.canvas_index]
new_source_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[target_index]
else:
# snapping to grid on right
if self.canvas_index == len(self.canvas_widths) - 1:
return # Can't go past last column
new_source_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[self.canvas_index] + \
self.canvas_widths[target_index]
new_target_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[self.canvas_index]
# Swap lists at target index and self.canvas_index
source_old_x = self.canvas.coords(self.canvas_object)[0]
self.source_to_target(target_index, new_target_x, new_source_x)
source_new_x = self.canvas.coords(self.canvas_object)[0]
source_x_jump = source_new_x - source_old_x
#print('source_x_jump:', source_x_jump)
# Move mouse on screen to reflect snapping to grid
self.treeview.unbind("<B1-Motion>") # Don't call ourself
''' If you don't have xdotool installed, activate following code
mouse_x = self.toplevel.winfo_x() + event.x + source_x_jump
mouse_y = self.toplevel.winfo_y() + event.y
# mouse_move_to takes .1 to .14 seconds and flickers new window
move_mouse_to(mouse_x, mouse_y)
# xdotool takes .006 to .012 seconds and no flickering window
'''
popen("xdotool mousemove_relative -- " + str(int(source_x_jump)) + " 0")
self.treeview.bind("<B1-Motion>", self.motion)
# Recalibrate mouse starting position within toplevel
Mouse = namedtuple('Mouse', 'x y')
# noinspection PyArgumentList
self.start_mouse_pos = Mouse(event.x + source_x_jump, event.y)
self.col_swapped = True # We swapped a column so update treeview
def get_source(self, col_being_moved):
""" Set self.canvas_xxx instances """
# Strip treeview '#' from '#?' column number
self.canvas_index = int(col_being_moved.replace('#', '')) - 1
self.canvas_name = self.canvas_names[self.canvas_index]
self.canvas_object = self.canvas_objects[self.canvas_index]
self.canvas_original_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[self.canvas_index]
self.canvas.tag_raise(self.canvas_object) # Top stacking order
def get_target(self, target_index):
target_start_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[target_index]
target_middle_x = target_start_x + \
self.canvas_widths[target_index] // 2
if target_index == len(self.canvas_x_offsets) - 1:
# This is the last column on right so use canvas width
target_end_x = self.canvas.winfo_width()
else:
# This is the last column on right so use canvas width
target_end_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[target_index + 1]
return target_start_x, target_middle_x, target_end_x
@staticmethod
def swap(lst, x1, x2):
# Shorthand
lst[x1], lst[x2] = lst[x2], lst[x1]
def source_to_target(self, target_index, new_target_x, new_source_x):
""" Swap source and target columns """
self.swap(self.canvas_names, self.canvas_index, target_index)
self.swap(self.canvas_objects, self.canvas_index, target_index)
self.swap(self.canvas_widths, self.canvas_index, target_index)
self.canvas_x_offsets[self.canvas_index] = new_target_x
self.canvas_x_offsets[target_index] = new_source_x
# Swap the two images on canvas
self.canvas.coords(self.canvas_objects[self.canvas_index],
(self.canvas_x_offsets[self.canvas_index], 0))
self.canvas.coords(self.canvas_objects[target_index],
(self.canvas_x_offsets[target_index], 0))
# Now that columns swapped on canvas, get new variables
self.col_being_moved = "#" + str(target_index + 1)
self.get_source(self.col_being_moved)
def create_move_column(self):
"""
Create canvas toplevel covering up treeview.
Canvas divided into rectangles for each column.
Track <B1-Motion> horizontally to swap with next column.
"""
if self.col_cover_top is not None:
print('trying to create self.col_cover_top again!!!')
return
self.toplevel.update() # Refresh current coordinates
self.col_top_is_active = True
# create named tuple class with names x, y, w, h
Geom = namedtuple('Geom', ['x', 'y', 'w', 'h'])
# noinspection PyArgumentList
top_geom = Geom(self.toplevel.winfo_x(),
self.toplevel.winfo_y(),
self.toplevel.winfo_width(),
self.toplevel.winfo_height())
#print('\n tkinter top_geom:', top_geom)
''' Take screenshot of treeview region (x, y, w, h)
'''
# X11 takes 4.5 seconds first time and .67 seconds subsequent times
#top_image = x11.screenshot(top_geom.x, top_geom.y,
# top_geom.w, top_geom.h)
# gnome screenshot entire desktop takes .25 seconds
top_image = gnome_screenshot(top_geom)
# Did button get released while we were capturing screen?
if self.col_top_is_active is False:
return
# Mount our column moving window over original treeview
self.col_cover_top = tk.Toplevel()
self.col_cover_top.overrideredirect(True) # No window decorations
self.col_cover_top.withdraw()
# No title when undecorated (override direct = true)
#self.col_cover_top.title("Shift column - bserve")
self.col_cover_top.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.col_cover_top.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
can_frame = tk.Frame(self.col_cover_top, bg="grey",
width=top_geom.w, height=top_geom.h)
can_frame.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky=tk.NSEW)
can_frame.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
can_frame.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(can_frame, width=top_geom.w,
height=top_geom.h, bg="grey")
self.canvas.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew')
'''
Publish to: https://stackoverflow.com/a/51425272/6929343
TODO - We are looping through all columns. We only want the ones
in currently visible scrolled region.
'''
total_width = 0
self.images = [] # Reset GIC protected image list
self.canvas_names = [] # treeview column ids (names)
self.canvas_widths = [] # matching widths
self.canvas_objects = [] # List of canvas objects
self.canvas_x_offsets = [] # matching x-offsets within canvas
for i, column in enumerate(self.treeview['displaycolumns']):
col_width = self.treeview.column(column)['width']
# Create cropped image for column out of screenshot using 1 px
# border width. Extra crop from bottom to exclude buttons.
image = top_image.crop([total_width + 1, 1,
total_width + col_width - 2,
top_geom.h - 63])
# Make a black background image at original column size
new_im = Image.new("RGB", (col_width, top_geom.h))
# Paste cropped column image inside black image making a border
new_im.paste(image, (2, 2))
photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(new_im)
self.images.append(photo) # Prevent GIC (garbage collection)
item = self.canvas.create_image(total_width, 0,
image=photo, anchor=tk.NW)
self.canvas_names.append(column)
self.canvas_objects.append(item)
self.canvas_widths.append(col_width)
self.canvas_x_offsets.append(total_width)
total_width += col_width
# Did button get released while we were formatting canvas?
if self.col_top_is_active is False:
return
# Move the column cover window with canvas over original treeview
self.col_cover_top.geometry('{}x{}+{}+{}'.format(
top_geom.w, top_geom.h, top_geom.x, top_geom.y))
self.col_cover_top.deiconify() # Forces window to appear
self.col_cover_top.update() # This is required for visibility
def move_mouse_to(x, y):
""" Moves the mouse to an absolute location on the screen.
Rather slow at .1 second and causes brief screen flicker.
From: https://stackoverflow.com/a/66808226/6929343
Visit link for other options under Windows and Mac.
For Linux use xdotool for .007 response time and no flicker.
"""
# Create a new temporary root
temp_root = tk.Tk()
# Move it to +0+0 and remove the title bar
temp_root.overrideredirect(True)
# Make sure the window appears on the screen and handles the `overrideredirect`
temp_root.update()
# Generate the event as @a bar nert did
temp_root.event_generate("<Motion>", warp=True, x=x, y=y)
# Make sure that tcl handles the event
temp_root.update()
# Destroy the root
temp_root.destroy()
def gnome_screenshot(geom):
""" Screenshot using old gnome 3.18 standards """
import gi
gi.require_version('Gdk', '3.0')
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
gi.require_version('Wnck', '3.0')
# gi.require_versions({"Gtk": "3.0", "Gdk": "3.0", "Wnck": "3.0"}) # Python 3
from gi.repository import Gdk, GdkPixbuf, Gtk, Wnck
Gdk.threads_init() # From: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15728170/
while Gtk.events_pending():
Gtk.main_iteration()
screen = Wnck.Screen.get_default()
screen.force_update()
w = Gdk.get_default_root_window()
pb = Gdk.pixbuf_get_from_window(w, *geom)
desk_pixels = pb.read_pixel_bytes().get_data()
raw_img = Image.frombytes('RGB', (geom.w, geom.h), desk_pixels,
'raw', 'RGB', pb.get_rowstride(), 1)
return raw_img
# End of: toolkit.py
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