是否可以在纯JavaScript中手动抛出DOMException错误? Documentation I've read表明它应该相对容易构建(至少在Java中。)
但是,在Chrome中,以下代码返回TypeError: Illegal constructor
:
// DOM SYNTAX_ERR (12)
var myDOMException = new DOMException(12,"I'm sorry Dave, I'm afraid I can't do that.");
令人遗憾的是,这是我在阅读the W3 docs之后所期望的,它似乎根本没有指定构造函数。 (顺便说一句,虽然我并不特别对IDL'非常',但我认为他们的变体会支持构造函数的规范。)
令人沮丧的是,DOMException类潜伏在全局范围内。我怎么用呢? 可以我用它吗?
更新
自从我写这篇文章以来,我做了几个发现 - 即:
var myDOMException = DOMException.constructor(12,"Error Message");
var myDOMException2 = DOMException.constructor.call(DOMException,DOMException.SYNTAX_ERR,"Error Message");
看起来很有效!
......没那么快。
$> myDOMException instanceof DOMException
false
$> myDOMException2 instanceof DOMException
false
甚至可能更多的输出:
$> myDOMException.constructor
function Number() {
[native code]
}
与往常一样,我们将非常感谢任何协助。
更新#2
只是为了澄清我返回DOMException对象的原因而不是更通用的错误 - 我试图在纯JavaScript中实现WHATWG's Timed Text Track spec。有许多实例需要一个正确的解决方案来返回一个DOMException对象,特别是一个代码为12的对象(SYNTAX_ERR。)
答案 0 :(得分:7)
至少在Firefox中,DOMException
不是一个功能。 an object定义了几个常量。
typeof DOMException === 'object' // true (not 'function')
可以像这样使用:
try {
throw DOMException;
} catch(e) {
if (e === DOMException)
console.log("caught DOMException")
}
如果您尝试发信号DOMException
但不需要DOMException
的实际实例,则此方法有效。
如果您绝对需要具有DOMException
代码的SYNTAX_ERR
实例,则可以执行导致创建一个代码的操作,并throw
执行以下操作:
function createSyntaxException() {
try {
// will cause a DOMException
document.querySelectorAll("div:foo");
} catch(e) {
return e;
}
}
throw createSyntaxException();
抛出的异常的细节当然不符合您的具体情况,但生成的对象将具有正确的代码并通过instanceof
检查。
var e = createSyntaxException();
console.log(e instanceof DOMException); // true
console.log(e.code === e.SYNTAX_ERR); // true
您可以通过继承DOMException
并为其每个(只读)属性添加getters / setter来缓解详细信息问题。
function DOMExceptionCustom() {
var message;
this.__defineGetter__("message", function(){
return message;
});
this.__defineSetter__("message", function(val){
message = val;
});
}
// subclass DOMException
DOMExceptionCustom.prototype = createSyntaxException();
var err = new DOMExceptionCustom();
err.message = "my custom message";
生成的对象具有所需的属性:
console.log(err.code === err.SYNTAX_ERR); // true
console.log(err.message); // "my custom message"
console.log(err instanceof DOMExceptionCustom); // true
console.log(err instanceof DOMException); // true
答案 1 :(得分:1)
这是我对它的抨击。基于ECMAScript 5和WebIDL的解决方案。 我正在使用正在使用WebIDL的W3C / ECMAScript联接任务组discussed this。他们说基本上不可能这样做,因为它依赖于内部平台行为......但这里的内容可能足够接近。
function CustomDOMException(code, message) {
//throw on missing code
if (typeof code !== "number") {
throw TypeError("Wrong argument");
}
//we need the codes, to get the "name" property.
var consts = {
1: "INDEX_SIZE_ERR",
3: "HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR",
4: "WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR",
5: "INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR",
7: "NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR",
8: "NOT_FOUND_ERR",
9: "NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR",
11: "INVALID_STATE_ERR",
12: "SYNTAX_ERR",
13: "INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR",
14: "NAMESPACE_ERR",
15: "INVALID_ACCESS_ERR",
17: "TYPE_MISMATCH_ERR",
18: "SECURITY_ERR",
19: "NETWORK_ERR",
20: "ABORT_ERR",
21: "URL_MISMATCH_ERR",
22: "QUOTA_EXCEEDED_ERR",
23: "TIMEOUT_ERR",
24: "INVALID_NODE_TYPE_ERR",
25: "DATA_CLONE_ERR"
}
if ((code in consts) === false) {
throw TypeError("Unknown exception code: " + code);
}
//props for adding properties
var props = {};
//generate an exception object
var newException;
try {
//force an exception to be generated;
document.removeChild({})
} catch (e) {
//use it as the prototype
newException = Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(e));
}
//get the name of the exception type
var name = consts[code];
//add the properties
var props = {value: null, writable: true, enumerable: false, Configurable: true};
//name
props.value = name;
Object.defineProperty(newException, "name", props);
props.value = code;
Object.defineProperty(newException, "code", props);
props.value = message;
Object.defineProperty(newException, "message", props);
//Make sure it "stringifies" properly
var finalMessage;
var obj = this;
if (typeof message === "function") {
finalMessage = function() {
return message.call(newException)
}
} else {
finalMessage = function() {
return name + ": DOM Exception " + code;
}
}
props.value = function() {
return finalMessage.call(newException)
}
Object.defineProperty(newException, "toString", props);
return newException;
}
还有一些测试:
// Throws SYNTAX_ERR
console.log(new CustomDOMException(12));
// Custom message
console.log(new CustomDOMException(1, "ERROR!"));
// Custom message
console.log(new CustomDOMException(1, function() {
return "Custom Err:" + this.name + " : " + Date.now()
}));
// Throws TypeError
try {
new CustomDOMException(2)
} catch (e) {
console.log(e);
}
// Throws TypeError
try {
new CustomDOMException()
} catch (e) {
console.log(e);
}
// Throws TypeError
try {
new CustomDOMException("Wee!")
} catch (e) {
console.log(e);
}
//Check the inheritance chain
var ext = new CustomDOMException(17);
var isInstance = ext instanceof DOMException;
console.log("instanceof DOMException: " + isInstance)