我在通过cloudformation模板安装fail2ban时遇到问题。请参阅下面的模板。
我的模板从AMI中的映射中创建EC2实例，但EC2仅包含已安装在其上的应用程序.yum的软件包安装部分不起作用（软件包未安装）
任何方向都值得赞赏。
{
"AWSTemplateFormatVersion" : "2010-09-09",
"Description" : "AWS CloudFormation LAMP",
"Parameters" : {
"KeyName": {
"Description" : "Name of an existing EC2 KeyPair to enable SSH access to the instance",
"Type": "AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName",
"ConstraintDescription" : "must be the name of an existing EC2 KeyPair."
},
"InstanceType" : {
"Description" : "WebServer EC2 instance type",
"Type" : "String",
"Default" : "t2.small",
"AllowedValues" : [ "t1.micro", "t2.nano", "t2.micro", "t2.small", "t2.medium", "t2.large", "m1.small", "m1.medium", "m1.large", "m1.xlarge", "m2.xlarge", "m2.2xlarge", "m2.4xlarge", "m3.medium", "m3.large", "m3.xlarge", "m3.2xlarge", "m4.large", "m4.xlarge", "m4.2xlarge", "m4.4xlarge", "m4.10xlarge", "c1.medium", "c1.xlarge", "c3.large", "c3.xlarge", "c3.2xlarge", "c3.4xlarge", "c3.8xlarge", "c4.large", "c4.xlarge", "c4.2xlarge", "c4.4xlarge", "c4.8xlarge", "g2.2xlarge", "g2.8xlarge", "r3.large", "r3.xlarge", "r3.2xlarge", "r3.4xlarge", "r3.8xlarge", "i2.xlarge", "i2.2xlarge", "i2.4xlarge", "i2.8xlarge", "d2.xlarge", "d2.2xlarge", "d2.4xlarge", "d2.8xlarge", "hi1.4xlarge", "hs1.8xlarge", "cr1.8xlarge", "cc2.8xlarge", "cg1.4xlarge"]
,
"ConstraintDescription" : "must be a valid EC2 instance type."
},
"SSHLocation" : {
"Description" : " The IP address range that can be used to SSH to the EC2 instances",
"Type": "String",
"MinLength": "9",
"MaxLength": "18",
"Default": "0.0.0.0/0",
"AllowedPattern": "(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})\\.(\\d{1,3})/(\\d{1,2})",
"ConstraintDescription": "must be a valid IP CIDR range of the form x.x.x.x/x."
}
},
"Mappings" : {
"AWSInstanceType2Arch" : {
"t1.micro" : { "Arch" : "PV64" },
"t2.nano" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"t2.micro" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"t2.small" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"t2.medium" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"t2.large" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"m1.small" : { "Arch" : "PV64" },
"m1.medium" : { "Arch" : "PV64" },
"m1.large" : { "Arch" : "PV64" },
"m1.xlarge" : { "Arch" : "PV64" },
"m2.xlarge" : { "Arch" : "PV64" },
"m2.2xlarge" : { "Arch" : "PV64" },
"m2.4xlarge" : { "Arch" : "PV64" },
"m3.medium" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"m3.large" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"m3.xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"m3.2xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"m4.large" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"m4.xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"m4.2xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"m4.4xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"m4.10xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"c1.medium" : { "Arch" : "PV64" },
"c1.xlarge" : { "Arch" : "PV64" },
"c3.large" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"c3.xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"c3.2xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"c3.4xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"c3.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"c4.large" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"c4.xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"c4.2xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"c4.4xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"c4.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"g2.2xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVMG2" },
"g2.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVMG2" },
"r3.large" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"r3.xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"r3.2xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"r3.4xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"r3.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"i2.xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"i2.2xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"i2.4xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"i2.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"d2.xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"d2.2xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"d2.4xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"d2.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"hi1.4xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"hs1.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"cr1.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" },
"cc2.8xlarge" : { "Arch" : "HVM64" }
},
"AWSRegionArch2AMI" : {
"us-east-1" : {"PV64" : "ami-2a69aa47", "HVM64" : "ami-6869aa05", "HVMG2" : "ami-1f12e965"},
"us-west-2" : {"PV64" : "ami-7f77b31f", "HVM64" : "ami-39d39d41", "HVMG2" : "ami-5c9b6124"},
"us-west-1" : {"PV64" : "ami-a2490dc2", "HVM64" : "ami-31490d51", "HVMG2" : "ami-7291a112"},
"eu-west-1" : {"PV64" : "ami-4cdd453f", "HVM64" : "ami-f9dd458a", "HVMG2" : "ami-b411c5cd"},
"eu-west-2" : {"PV64" : "NOT_SUPPORTED", "HVM64" : "ami-39d39d41", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
"eu-central-1" : {"PV64" : "ami-6527cf0a", "HVM64" : "ami-ea26ce85", "HVMG2" : "ami-be40f2d1"},
"ap-northeast-1" : {"PV64" : "ami-3e42b65f", "HVM64" : "ami-374db956", "HVMG2" : "ami-3efd2c58"},
"ap-northeast-2" : {"PV64" : "NOT_SUPPORTED", "HVM64" : "ami-2b408b45", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
"ap-southeast-1" : {"PV64" : "ami-df9e4cbc", "HVM64" : "ami-a59b49c6", "HVMG2" : "ami-3e91ed5d"},
"ap-southeast-2" : {"PV64" : "ami-63351d00", "HVM64" : "ami-dc361ebf", "HVMG2" : "ami-84a142e6"},
"ap-south-1" : {"PV64" : "NOT_SUPPORTED", "HVM64" : "ami-ffbdd790", "HVMG2" : "ami-25ffbe4a"},
"us-east-2" : {"PV64" : "NOT_SUPPORTED", "HVM64" : "ami-f6035893", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
"ca-central-1" : {"PV64" : "NOT_SUPPORTED", "HVM64" : "ami-730ebd17", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
"sa-east-1" : {"PV64" : "ami-1ad34676", "HVM64" : "ami-6dd04501", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
"cn-north-1" : {"PV64" : "ami-77559f1a", "HVM64" : "ami-8e6aa0e3", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"},
"cn-northwest-1" : {"PV64" : "ami-80707be2", "HVM64" : "ami-cb858fa9", "HVMG2" : "NOT_SUPPORTED"}
}
},
"Resources" : {
"WebServerInstance": {
"Type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
"Metadata" : {
"AWS::CloudFormation::Init" : {
"configSets" : {
"InstallAndRun" : [ "Install", "Configure" ]
},
"Install" : {
"packages" : {
"yum" : {
"httpd" : [],
"php" : [],
"php-mysql" : [],
"monit" : [],
"fail2ban" : []
}
},
"files" : {
"/etc/cfn/cfn-hup.conf" : {
"content" : { "Fn::Join" : ["", [
"[main]\n",
"stack=", { "Ref" : "AWS::StackId" }, "\n",
"region=", { "Ref" : "AWS::Region" }, "\n"
]]},
"mode" : "000400",
"owner" : "root",
"group" : "root"
},
"/etc/cfn/hooks.d/cfn-auto-reloader.conf" : {
"content": { "Fn::Join" : ["", [
"[cfn-auto-reloader-hook]\n",
"triggers=post.update\n",
"path=Resources.WebServerInstance.Metadata.AWS::CloudFormation::Init\n",
"action=/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v ",
" --stack ", { "Ref" : "AWS::StackName" },
" --resource WebServerInstance ",
" --configsets InstallAndRun ",
" --region ", { "Ref" : "AWS::Region" }, "\n",
"runas=root\n"
]]},
"mode" : "000400",
"owner" : "root",
"group" : "root"
}
},
"services" : {
"sysvinit" : {
"httpd" : { "enabled" : "true", "ensureRunning" : "true" },
"cfn-hup" : { "enabled" : "true", "ensureRunning" : "true",
"files" : ["/etc/cfn/cfn-hup.conf", "/etc/cfn/hooks.d/cfn-auto-reloader.conf"]}
}
}
},
"Configure" : {
}
}
},
"Properties": {
"ImageId" : { "Fn::FindInMap" : [ "AWSRegionArch2AMI", { "Ref" : "AWS::Region" },
{ "Fn::FindInMap" : [ "AWSInstanceType2Arch", { "Ref" : "InstanceType" }, "Arch" ] } ] },
"InstanceType" : { "Ref" : "InstanceType" },
"SecurityGroups" : [ {"Ref" : "WebServerSecurityGroup"} ],
"KeyName" : { "Ref" : "KeyName" },
"UserData" : { "Fn::Base64" : { "Fn::Join" : ["", [
"#!/bin/bash -xe\n",
"yum update -y aws-cfn-bootstrap\n",
"# Install the files and packages from the metadata\n",
"/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v ",
" --stack ", { "Ref" : "AWS::StackName" },
" --resource WebServerInstance ",
" --configsets InstallAndRun ",
" --region ", { "Ref" : "AWS::Region" }, "\n",
"# Signal the status from cfn-init\n",
"/opt/aws/bin/cfn-signal -e $? ",
" --stack ", { "Ref" : "AWS::StackName" },
" --resource WebServerInstance ",
" --region ", { "Ref" : "AWS::Region" }, "\n"
]]}}
},
"CreationPolicy" : {
"ResourceSignal" : {
"Timeout" : "PT5M"
}
}
},
"WebServerSecurityGroup" : {
"Type" : "AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup",
"Properties" : {
"GroupDescription" : "Enable HTTP access via port 80",
"SecurityGroupIngress" : [
{"IpProtocol" : "tcp", "FromPort" : "80", "ToPort" : "80", "CidrIp" : "0.0.0.0/0"},
{"IpProtocol" : "tcp", "FromPort" : "22", "ToPort" : "22", "CidrIp" : { "Ref" : "SSHLocation"}}
]
}
}
},
"Outputs" : {
"WebsiteURL" : {
"Description" : "URL for newly created LAMP stack",
"Value" : { "Fn::Join" : ["", ["http://", { "Fn::GetAtt" : [ "WebServerInstance", "PublicDnsName" ]}]] }
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：1)
我以前也遇到过类似的问题，解决该问题的方法是利用默认的configSet，它只调用所需的configKeys。因此，在您的情况下：
"WebServerInstance": {
"Type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
"Metadata" : {
"AWS::CloudFormation::Init" : {
"configSets" : {
"InstallAndRun" : [ "Install", "Configure" ]
},
"Install" : {
"packages" : {
"yum" : {
"httpd" : [],
"php" : [],
"php-mysql" : [],
"monit" : [],
"fail2ban" : []
}
},
将成为：
"WebServerInstance": {
"Type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
"Metadata" : {
"AWS::CloudFormation::Init" : {
"configSets" : {
"default " : [ "Install", "Configure" ]
},
"Install" : {
"packages" : {
"yum" : {
"httpd" : [],
"php" : [],
"php-mysql" : [],
"monit" : [],
"fail2ban" : []
}
},
您可能需要稍微调整一下，主要是因为我不写JSON（这次我不会开玩笑，答应），我使用YAML，所以如果格式化，您必须原谅我是不正确的，尽管可以解决。