Question

我正在寻找使用.format（）或其他方法，该方法允许我将参数传递给Python中的JSON查询。我已经在Python中使用SQL以及在诸如将参数传递到网站链接上之类的东西使用.format（）了。理想情况下，我希望能够在一开始就定义查询中的任何变量。如果有的话，我只是想了解为什么.format（）在这里不起作用。

我已经搜索了很多，还没有找到具体针对此确切问题的示例，因此如果这很明显，我们深表歉意。

这是尝试使用.format（）时返回的错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "rti3.py", line 25, in <module>
}""".format(adgroup)
KeyError: '\n\t\t\t\t"category1"'

这是我的代码：

#!/usr/bin/python

import os.path
import requests
import sys
import json

campaignid = 0

data = """query={
            "category1": "",
            "kpi_or": false,
            "campaign_id": {campaignid},
            "pub_bid_rates":1000,
            "creatives": [{"creative_type":"video", 
"banner_size":"320x250"}],
            "geotargets": [{"type":6,"value":["us"]}],
            "target_profiles": [],
            "publishers": []
        }""".format(campaignid)

def avails():
req = 'http://****.****.***.com:****/API'
resp = requests.post(req, data).json()
if 'adgroups' not in resp:
    return 0
else:
    return int(resp['adgroups'][0]['reach'])

def main(progname, argv):
print(avails())

if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
    main(sys.argv[0], sys.argv[1:])
except Exception as err:
    print('Caught exception:', err)
    sys.exit(1)

Answer 1

一种方法是加载json字符串并进行必要的更改。这全都与格式化内容有关。

import json
campaignid = 0

data = json.loads("""{"category1": "","kpi_or": false,"campaign_id": {},"pub_bid_rates":1000,"creatives": [{"creative_type":"video", "banner_size":"320x250"}],"geotargets": [{"type":6,"value":["us"]}],"target_profiles": [],"publishers": []}""")
data['campaign_id']=campaignid
json.dumps(data)

输出

'{"category1": "", "kpi_or": false, "publishers": [], "campaign_id": 0, "creatives": 
[{"banner_size": "320x250", "creative_type": "video"}], 
"target_profiles": [], "pub_bid_rates": 1000, "geotargets": [{"type": 6, "value": ["us"]}]}'

Answer 2

.format()不起作用，因为字符串中的所有{...}表达式都被解释为格式说明符。可以通过加倍花括号并为{{...}}以外的所有字母写{campaignid}来解决此问题，但是在您的特定情况下，最好完全放弃使用.format()。相反，只需将JSON编写为本地Python对象：

query_data = {
    "category1": "",
    "kpi_or": False,
    "campaign_id": campaignid,
    "pub_bid_rates":1000,
    "creatives": [{"creative_type":"video", "banner_size":"320x250"}],
    "geotargets": [{"type":6,"value":["us"]}],
    "target_profiles": [],
    "publishers": []
}

，然后使用json.dumps将其转换为字符串：

data = 'query=' + json.dumps(query_data)

Answer 3

尝试将数据存储为字典而不是格式字符串。

data = {"query": {"category1": "",
                  "kpi_or": False,
                  "campaing_id": campaignid,
                  "pub_bid_rates": 1000,
                  "creatives": [{"creative_type": "video",
                                 "banner_size": "320x250"}],
                  "geotargets": [{"type": 6,
                                  "value": ["us"]}],
                  "target_profiles": [],
                  "publishers": []}}

print(json.dumps(data))

输出：

{"query": {"category1": "", "kpi_or": false, "campaing_id": 0, "pub_bid_rates": 1000, "creatives": [{"creative_type": "video", "banner_size": "320x250"}], "geotargets": [{"type": 6, "value": ["us"]}], "target_profiles": [], "publishers": []}}

使用字符串格式在Python中将参数传递给JSON查询

3 个答案: