Question

例如，我在UserService中有此方法：

  @Override
  @Transactional
  public UserDto create(UserDto userDto) {

    User dbUser = userRepository.findOne(userDto.getId());

    if (dbUser != null) {
      throw new AuthException(AuthException.ErrorCode.DUPLICATE_USER_EXCEPTION);
    }

    User oneByLogin = userRepository.findOneByLogin(userDto.getLogin());
    if (oneByLogin != null) {
      throw new AuthExceptionAuthException.ErrorCode.DUPLICATE_LOGIN_EXCEPTION);
    }

    User newUser = new User();
    newUser.setGuid(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
    newUser.setInsertDate(new Date());
    newUser.setFirstName(userDto.getFirstName());
    newUser.setLastName(userDto.getLastName());
    newUser.setLogin(userDto.getLogin());
    newUser.setPassword(userDto.getPassword());
    newUser.setAuthToken(TokenGenerator.nextToken());
    newUser.setAuthTokenCreatedDate(new Date());

    User savedUser = userRepository.save(newUser);

    userDto.setAuthToken(savedUser.getAuthToken());
    log.info("User {0} created", savedUser.getLogin());
    return userDto;
  }

如何为该方法创建单元测试？我接下来尝试了：

  @Test
  public void createUser() {

    UserDto userDtoRequest = new UserDto();
    userDtoRequest.setLogin("Alex");
    userDtoRequest.setPassword("123");

    UserDto found = userService.create(userDtoRequest);
    assertThat(found.getAuthToken()).isNotEmpty();
}

我有下一个逻辑：

测试开始
User dbUser = userRepository.findOne(userDto.getId()); dbUser = NULL
if (dbUser != null）和if (oneByLogin != null)跳过
创建新用户并设置数据
User savedUser = userRepository.save(newUser); savedUser = NULL

在这一步上，我遇到了一个问题，因为我无法模拟userRepository.save(newUser)。

newUser create inside the method. and test fail.

savedUser.getAuthToken（）-savedUser == NULL

我可以重写：

    userRepository.save(newUser);
    userDto.setAuthToken(newUser.getAuthToken());
    log.info("User {0} created", newUser.getLogin());
    return userDto;

但是如果我想使用返回的对象savedUser怎么办？

Answer 1

您可以执行以下操作：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class SimpleTest {

  @Mock
  private UserRepository mockedUserRepository;

  // .. your test setup

  @Test
  public void testYourMethod() {

     User userToReturnFromRepository = new User();
     userToReturnFromRepository.setAuthToken(YOUR_TOKEN);
     when(mockedUserRepository.save(any(UserDto.class)).thenReturn(userToReturnFromRepository);

     UserDto found = userService.create(userDtoRequest);

     // ... your asserts

  }

}

使用这种方法，您只需确保将mockedUserRepository注入到要测试的类中（例如，在构造函数中）。

Answer 2

您需要编写多个测试用例才能测试不同的场景。

方案1： findOne 返回不为空的对象时：

@Test(expected=AuthException.class)
public void testCreateUserWhenAvailable()    {
     //Create one sample userDto object with test data
     when(mockedUserRepository.findOne(userDto.getId())).thenReturn(new User());
     userService.create(userDto);
}

方案2： findOneByLogin 返回空对象时：

@Test(expected=AuthException.class)
public void testCreateUserWhenLoginAvailable()    {
     //Create one sample userDto object with test data
     when(mockedUserRepository.findOne(userDto.getId())).thenReturn(null);
     when(mockedUserRepository.findOneByLogin(userDto.getId())).thenReturn(new User());

     userService.create(userDto);
}

方案2：保存完成后：

@Test

public void testCreateUserWhenSaved()    {
     //Create one sample userDto object with test data
     when(mockedUserRepository.findOne(userDto.getId())).thenReturn(null);
     when(mockedUserRepository.findOneByLogin(userDto.getId())).thenReturn(null);

     //Create sample User object and set all the properties
     User newUser=new User();
     when(mockedUserRepository.save(Mockito.any(User.class)).thenReturn(newUser);
     User returnedUser=userService.create(userDto);
     //You have two ways to test, you can either verify that save method was invoked by 
     //verify method
     verify(mockedUserRepository, times(1)).save(Mockito.any(User.class);
     //or by assertion statements, match the authToken in the returned object to be equal 
     //to the one set by you in the mocked object
     Assert.assertEquals(returnedUser.getAuthToken(),newUser.getAuthToken());
}

Answer 3

您需要执行此操作。

library(shiny)
library(shinyFiles)


ui <- fluidPage(
    shinyFilesButton("GetFile", "Choose a file" ,
                     title = "Please select a file:", multiple = FALSE,
                     buttonType = "default", class = NULL),

    actionButton(inputId = "reload", label = "Reload data"),

    tableOutput("test")     
)


server <- function(input,output,session){

    volumes <- getVolumes()

    v = reactiveValues(path = NULL)

    observe({
        shinyFileChoose(input, "GetFile", roots = volumes, session = session)

        if (!is.null(input$GetFile)) {
            file_selected <- parseFilePaths(volumes, input$GetFile)
            v$path <- as.character(file_selected$datapath)
            req(v$path)
            v$data <- read.csv(v$path)
        }
    })

    observeEvent(input$reload, {
        req(v$path)
        v$data <- read.csv(v$path)

    })

    output$test <- renderTable({
        print(v$path)
        if (is.null(v$data)) return()
        v$data
    })

}

shinyApp(ui = ui, server = server)

现在您可以获取作为参数传递的用户。

Answer 4

关于如何创建JPA存储库save方法以及如何为带有@GeneratedValue的字段生成随机ID的问题，我只差了两分钱。

/**
 * Mocks {@link JpaRepository#save(Object)} method to return the
 * saved entity as it was passed as parameter and add generated ID to it.
 * If ID could not be generated, it will be ignored.
 * If parameter already has and ID, it will be overridden.
 */
private <T, V> void mockSave(JpaRepository<T, V> repository) {
    when(repository.save(any())).thenAnswer(i -> {
        Object argument = i.getArgument(0);
        Arrays.stream(argument.getClass().getDeclaredFields())
                .filter(f -> f.getAnnotation(GeneratedValue.class) != null)
                .forEach(f -> enrichGeneratedValueField(argument, f));
        return argument;
    });
}

因此，在这里您将所需的存储库作为参数传递，并且方法对所有带有enrichGeneratedValueField注释的字段调用@GeneratedValue。这是此方法的实现：

private void enrichGeneratedValueField(Object argument, Field field) {
    try {
        if (field.getType().isAssignableFrom(Integer.class)) {
            FieldUtils.writeField(field, argument, Math.abs(random.nextInt()), true);
        } else {
            FieldUtils.writeField(field, argument, mock(field.getType()), true);
        }
    } catch (Exception ignored) {
    }
}

在此示例中，我仅使用Integer类型的ID，但可以随意添加以添加所需的ID类型。

如何在单元测试中模拟JPA存储库的save方法

4 个答案: