Question

我从here中获取了示例代码。

f1 = open('file1.txt', 'r')
f2 = open('file2.txt', 'w')
for line in f1:
    f2.write(line.replace('old_text', 'new_text'))
f1.close()
f2.close()

但是我不知道如何用相应的新词替换多个词。在此示例中，如果我想查找诸如(old_text1,old_text2,old_text3,old_text4)之类的单词，并用其各自的新单词(new_text1,new_text2,new_text3,new_text4)代替。

谢谢！

Answer 1

您可以使用zip遍历检查字词并替换单词，然后替换。

例如：

checkWords = ("old_text1","old_text2","old_text3","old_text4")
repWords = ("new_text1","new_text2","new_text3","new_text4")

for line in f1:
    for check, rep in zip(checkWords, repWords):
        line = line.replace(check, rep)
    f2.write(line)
f1.close()
f2.close()

Answer 2

易于使用的re模块

import re
s = "old_text1 old_text2"
s1 = re.sub("old_text" , "new_text" , s)

输出

'new_text1 new_text2'

re.sub 用新文本替换旧文本 re.sub doc https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/re.html#re.sub

Answer 3

def replace_all(text, dic):
    for i, j in dic.iteritems():
        text = text.replace(i, j)
    return text

我们的方法replace_all（）带有2个参数。第一个文本是替换将要发生的字符串或文件（文本）。第二个字典dic是一本字典，其中要替换的单词或字符作为键，而替换单词或字符作为该键的值。如果您只想替换一个单词或字符，那么此词典可以只有一个key：value对，如果您想一次替换多个单词或字符，则该字典可以有多个key：values。

Search and Replace multiple words or characters with Python

Answer 4

我了解到，该脚本的工作原理非常好，并且比我过去使用的脚本快得多。

import re

def word_replace(text, replace_dict):
rc = re.compile(r"[A-Za-z_]\w*")

def translate(match):
    word = match.group(0).lower()
    print(word)
    return replace_dict.get(word, word)

return rc.sub(translate, text)

old_text = open('YOUR_FILE').read()

replace_dict = {
"old_word1" : 'new_word1',
"old_word2" : 'new_word2',
"old_word3" : 'new_word3',
"old_word4" : 'new_word4',
"old_word5" : 'new_word5'

 }                            # {"words_to_find" : 'word_to_replace'}

output = word_replace(old_text, replace_dict)
f = open("YOUR_FILE", 'w')                   #what file you want to write to
f.write(output)                              #write to the file
print(output)                                #check that it worked in the console

Answer 5

您可以使用正则表达式模块（ re ）中的 sub 替换文本或文件的内容：

def replace_content(dict_replace, target):
    """Based on dict, replaces key with the value on the target."""

    for check, replacer in list(dict_replace.items()):
        target = sub(check, replacer, target)

    return target

或仅使用 str.replace 即可，而无需从重新导入子：

def replace_content(dict_replace, target):
    """Based on dict, replaces key with the value on the target."""

    for check, replacer in list(dict_replace.items()):
        target = target.replace(check, replacer)

    return target

这是完整的实现：

from re import sub
from os.path import abspath, realpath, join, dirname

file = abspath(join(dirname(__file__), 'foo.txt'))
file_open = open(file, 'r')
file_read = file_open.read()
file_open.close()

new_file = abspath(join(dirname(__file__), 'bar.txt'))
new_file_open = open(new_file, 'w')


def replace_content(dict_replace, target):
    """Based on dict, replaces key with the value on the target."""

    for check, replacer in list(dict_replace.items()):
        target = sub(check, replacer, target)
        # target = target.replace(check, replacer)

    return target


# check : replacer
dict_replace = {
    'ipsum': 'XXXXXXX',
    'amet,': '***********',
    'dolor': '$$$$$'
}

new_content = replace_content(dict_replace, file_read)
new_file_open.write(new_content)
new_file_open.close()

# Test
print(file_read)
# Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, lorem ipsum dolor sit amet

print(new_content)
# Lorem XXXXXXX $$$$$ sit *********** lorem XXXXXXX $$$$$ sit amet

在文件python中查找并替换多个单词

5 个答案: