我有一些带有各种函数的C代码,每个函数都使用不同类型的“句柄”对象作为参数。所有这些句柄的实现都是相同的(它只是一个带有空指针和项目计数的结构),因此仅声明一个实现似乎是合乎逻辑的-但我也希望C编译器生成一个编译器用户将错误类型的句柄传递给函数时发生-time错误。
我目前的方法是使用typedef
创建各种句柄类型,用于记录函数应接受的句柄类型,但是编译器会自动转换,因此不会标记类型不匹配作为错误。有没有推荐的方法可以实现这一目标,而无需为每种类型手动复制handle-struct-declaration?
玩具示例代码如下:
typedef struct _FruitHandle {
int _numItems;
void * _items;
} FruitHandle;
typedef FruitHandle AppleHandle;
typedef FruitHandle BananaHandle;
// imagine a number of other fruits as well
void EatAnApple(AppleHandle a) {}
void EatABanana(BananaHandle b) {}
// and so on -- each function should ONLY except its own fruit-handle-type as an argument!
int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
AppleHandle apple;
BananaHandle banana;
EatAnApple(apple); // ok -- types match
EatABanana(banana); // ok -- types match
EatAnApple(banana); // type mismatch -- I want this to be a compile-time error, but it isn't!
EatABanana(apple); // type mismatch -- I want this to be a compile-time error, but it isn't!
return 0;
}
答案 0 :(得分:4)
您可能会发现this question的答案很有帮助。尽管C中没有显式的类型继承,但是您可以使用顶部答案中描述的惯用法来创建AppleHandle和BananaHandle。
typedef struct {
int _numItems;
void *_items;
} FruitHandle;
typedef struct {
FruitHandle fruit_handle;
} AppleHandle;
typedef struct {
FruitHandle fruit_handle;
} BananaHandle;
...
答案 1 :(得分:2)
如评论中所述,您可以使用宏:
#define FRUIT(name) typedef struct _##name {\
int _numItems;\
void * _items;\
} name
FRUIT(AppleHandle);
FRUIT(BananaHandle);
这扩展为:
typedef struct _AppleHandle { int _numItems; void * _items;} AppleHandle;
typedef struct _BananaHandle { int _numItems; void * _items;} BananaHandle;