我正在编写我的第一个程序-它是一个成语生成器，它以Madlibs风格结合随机动词，名词和代词（我输入的）列表中的各个元素，并生成幽默的表达。这是我的源代码的简化版本：
baseFunction = True
def mainFunction() :
import random
quest = input("Which language do you want it in? Type 'French' or 'English'. ")
if quest == "French" or "french":
verb =
#list of verbs I have manually entered
noun =
#list of nouns I have manually entered
pronoun =
#list of pronouns I have manually entered
morenouns =
#list of nouns I have manually entered
phrase = random.choice(verb) + random.choice(noun) + random.choice(pronoun) + random.choice(morenouns)
print(phrase)
print("Now, give it some meaning and use in the world!")
elif quest == "English" or "english":
verb =
#another list of verbs I have manually entered
noun =
#another list of nouns I have manually entered
pronoun =
#another list of pronouns I have manually entered
morenouns =
#another list of nouns I have manually entered
phrase = random.choice(verb) + random.choice(noun) + random.choice(pronoun) + random.choice(morenouns)
print(phrase)
print("Now, invent some meaning for it and use it in the world!")
f8 = input("Do you want to make another one? Say 'yes' if you do. ")
if f8 == "yes" or "Yes":
mainFunction()
else:
print("Thanks for playing!")
else:
print("Didn't quite catch that. Try again! (say yes!)")
mainFunction()
def malif() :
ques = input("Want to hear a funny idiom? Say 'yes' or 'no'. ")
if ques == "yes" or "Yes":
mainFunction()
elif ques == "no" or "No":
print("Wrong answer. Try again! (say yes)")
malif()
else:
print("Didn't quite catch that. Say 'yes' or 'no'.")
while baseFunction :
malif()
mainFunction()
从本质上讲，我是在问用户是否要制作成语，为他们提供一种语言选择，为他们生成表达式，然后询问他们是否要重复该过程。当我在PyCharm中运行脚本时，它按顺序运行两个函数（即，首先是malif（），然后是mainFunction（），如我在结尾处所示），但是它并没有注意我的输入（例如if我说“不”，它无论如何都会运行mainFunction，即使我说“英语”，它也将始终以法语来执行。
我使用了本条目（Python - How to make program go back to the top of the code instead of closing）中讨论的一些技巧。我认为问题在于以自己的定义调用函数（例如，如果我对输入的“ que”（在malif（）中定义）回答“ no”，则调用malif（））。但是，我已经按照我所链接的问题中讨论的技巧进行了操作，但仍无法按照我希望的方式进行。我在格式化代码时是否做错了（例如，在缩进方面），或者如果我做错的事情不明显，是否有办法将函数循环回到最初问题中未建议的开头？
谢谢！
答案 0 :(得分：0)
使用字符串作为输入时，首先要注意一些技巧。 Python将区分大写字母和非大写字母，因此处理字符串的一种好方法是首先lower()（或upper()，...）：
示例：
ques = input("Enter Yes or No: ")
ques = ques.lower()
if ques == "yes":
# do something
elif ques == "no":
# do something else
else:
# raise error
现在，我觉得您的代码是以一种有趣的方式构建的。一个好习惯是将导入和功能与主程序分开。如果导入了模块（文件），则第一个2将被导入，而执行文件时将播放最后一个2。为此，您可以使用以下方法：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
docstring of the module
"""
# Imports
import random
import os
# Functions
def f():
return "Hello world"
# Main program
if __name__ == '__main__':
# Calling the function, taking the inputs and so on
在主程序中，处理引发异常的可能性非常有用。此外，如果使用cmd显示程序，则在出现错误时，cmd将立即关闭。此语法非常有用：
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
# Do stuff
except:
import sys
print (sys.exc_info()[0])
import traceback
print (traceback.format_exc())
os.system("pause") # for windows, else easy way is to have an empty input to freeze the cmd
现在输入您的代码。我会这样修改：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Docstring
"""
# Imports
import random
import os
# Functions
def build_a_phrase(language) :
if language == "french":
verb = ["vendre", "atterir", "attaquer", "jeter"]
#list of verbs I have manually entered
noun = ["arbre", "poisson", "chien"]
#list of nouns I have manually entered
pronoun = ["un", "les"]
#list of pronouns I have manually entered
morenouns = ["chat", "oiseau"]
#list of nouns I have manually entered
choices = [random.choice(verb), random.choice(noun), random.choice(pronoun), random.choice(morenouns)]
phrase = " ".join(choices) # Add a space between the words
return phrase
elif language == "english":
verb = ["...", "...", "..."]
#another list of verbs I have manually entered
noun = ["...", "...", "..."]
#another list of nouns I have manually entered
pronoun = ["...", "...", "..."]
#another list of pronouns I have manually entered
morenouns = ["...", "...", "..."]
#another list of nouns I have manually entered
choices = [random.choice(verb), random.choice(noun), random.choice(pronoun), random.choice(morenouns)]
phrase = " ".join(choices) # Add a space between the words
return phrase
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
# Parameters
available_language = ["french", "english"]
available_answers = ["yes", "no"]
# Safety implementation of an input
quest = ""
i = 0
while quest.lower() not in available_answers:
quest = input("Want to hear a funny idiom? Say 'yes' or 'no'. ")
i += 1
if i == 2: # number of tries
break
if quest.lower() == "no":
print ("I'm sure you meant yes.")
language = ""
i = 0
while language.lower() not in available_language:
language = input("Which language do you want it in? Type 'French' or 'English'.\n")
i += 1
if i == 2: # number of tries
break
while True:
sentence = build_a_phrase(language)
print (sentence)
print ("Now, give it some meaning and use in the world!")
f8 = ""
i = 0
while f8.lower() not in available_answers:
f8 = input("Do you want to make another one? Say 'yes' if you do. ")
i += 1
if i == 2: # number of tries
break
if f8.lower() == "no":
print("Thanks for playing!")
break
except:
import sys
print (sys.exc_info()[0])
import traceback
print (traceback.format_exc())
os.system("pause")
希望您将从此答案中获得一些好技巧，并养成一些好习惯:)
尚未完成，当输入错误时，应该引发错误，而不是等待错误导致输入错误（例如，应放置raise语句而不是换行符）