我对txt文件有问题。我想删除数字后面的斜杠。我该怎么做？我也想用点代替逗号。我在这里复制文件内容。注意：第一行是标题。
Regions X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7
Piemonte /25,4 35.9 8.5 0.6 7.6 13.5 8.5
Val_d_Aosta /41,3 49.6 1.9 0.0 0.9 5.8 0.5
Lombardia /26,5 36.4 10.6 2.1 4.1 15.2 5.1
Liguria 33.2 /44,0 5.3 0.6 3.6 12.4 0.9
Trentino /26,3 52.3 6.5 0.5 2.1 11.6 0.7
Veneto 23.3 /41,6 6.3 9.7 3.2 14.8 1.1
Friuli 25.3 /49,1 5.4 0.8 3.0 12.8 3.6
Emilia_Romagna /29,4 40.7 7.9 0.9 5.6 13.5 2.0
Toscana 38.5 /37,2 5.0 2.6 3.1 12.2 1.4
Umbria 32.0 /46,8 4.6 0.7 4.5 9.4 2.0
Marche 26.5 /49,4 4.4 0.8 4.2 9.1 5.6
Lazio 21.4 /35,5 6.2 1.8 4.4 23.0 7.7
Abruzzo 33.7 /54,1 2.4 0.1 3.1 4.1 2.5
Molise 24.0 /64,5 0.6 0.0 2.9 6.8 1.2
Campania /31,0 40.9 4.6 3.4 2.0 12.1 6.0
Puglia 33.5 /46,3 3.8 0.2 2.4 11.2 2.6
Basilicata /24,4 60.4 2.9 0.1 4.5 5.7 2.0
Calabria /28,5 54.3 3.6 0.3 1.8 8.5 3.0
Sicilia 33.5 /48,9 4.8 0.3 2.9 7.9 1.7
Sardegna /32,1 54.6 3.6 0.1 2.3 5.5 1.8
Italia 28.4 /40,3 7.2 1.4 4.2 14.1 4.4
答案 0 :(得分：0)
我们可以使用gsub中的base R遍历所有数字列，并删除/并将,替换为.
df1[-1] <- lapply(df1[-1], function(x)
as.numeric(sub("[/]", "", gsub(",", ".", x))))
df1
# Regions X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7
#1 Piemonte 25.4 35.9 8.5 0.6 7.6 13.5 8.5
#2 Val_d_Aosta 41.3 49.6 1.9 0.0 0.9 5.8 0.5
#3 Lombardia 26.5 36.4 10.6 2.1 4.1 15.2 5.1
#4 Liguria 33.2 44.0 5.3 0.6 3.6 12.4 0.9
#5 Trentino 26.3 52.3 6.5 0.5 2.1 11.6 0.7
#6 Veneto 23.3 41.6 6.3 9.7 3.2 14.8 1.1
#7 Friuli 25.3 49.1 5.4 0.8 3.0 12.8 3.6
#8 Emilia_Romagna 29.4 40.7 7.9 0.9 5.6 13.5 2.0
#9 Toscana 38.5 37.2 5.0 2.6 3.1 12.2 1.4
#10 Umbria 32.0 46.8 4.6 0.7 4.5 9.4 2.0
#11 Marche 26.5 49.4 4.4 0.8 4.2 9.1 5.6
#12 Lazio 21.4 35.5 6.2 1.8 4.4 23.0 7.7
#13 Abruzzo 33.7 54.1 2.4 0.1 3.1 4.1 2.5
#14 Molise 24.0 64.5 0.6 0.0 2.9 6.8 1.2
#15 Campania 31.0 40.9 4.6 3.4 2.0 12.1 6.0
#16 Puglia 33.5 46.3 3.8 0.2 2.4 11.2 2.6
#17 Basilicata 24.4 60.4 2.9 0.1 4.5 5.7 2.0
#18 Calabria 28.5 54.3 3.6 0.3 1.8 8.5 3.0
#19 Sicilia 33.5 48.9 4.8 0.3 2.9 7.9 1.7
#20 Sardegna 32.1 54.6 3.6 0.1 2.3 5.5 1.8
#21 Italia 28.4 40.3 7.2 1.4 4.2 14.1 4.4
df1 <- structure(list(Regions = c("Piemonte", "Val_d_Aosta", "Lombardia",
"Liguria", "Trentino", "Veneto", "Friuli", "Emilia_Romagna",
"Toscana", "Umbria", "Marche", "Lazio", "Abruzzo", "Molise",
"Campania", "Puglia", "Basilicata", "Calabria", "Sicilia", "Sardegna",
"Italia"), X1 = c("/25,4", "/41,3", "/26,5", "33.2", "/26,3",
"23.3", "25.3", "/29,4", "38.5", "32.0", "26.5", "21.4", "33.7",
"24.0", "/31,0", "33.5", "/24,4", "/28,5", "33.5", "/32,1", "28.4"
), X2 = c("35.9", "49.6", "36.4", "/44,0", "52.3", "/41,6", "/49,1",
"40.7", "/37,2", "/46,8", "/49,4", "/35,5", "/54,1", "/64,5",
"40.9", "/46,3", "60.4", "54.3", "/48,9", "54.6", "/40,3"), X3 = c(8.5,
1.9, 10.6, 5.3, 6.5, 6.3, 5.4, 7.9, 5, 4.6, 4.4, 6.2, 2.4, 0.6,
4.6, 3.8, 2.9, 3.6, 4.8, 3.6, 7.2), X4 = c(0.6, 0, 2.1, 0.6,
0.5, 9.7, 0.8, 0.9, 2.6, 0.7, 0.8, 1.8, 0.1, 0, 3.4, 0.2, 0.1,
0.3, 0.3, 0.1, 1.4), X5 = c(7.6, 0.9, 4.1, 3.6, 2.1, 3.2, 3,
5.6, 3.1, 4.5, 4.2, 4.4, 3.1, 2.9, 2, 2.4, 4.5, 1.8, 2.9, 2.3,
4.2), X6 = c(13.5, 5.8, 15.2, 12.4, 11.6, 14.8, 12.8, 13.5, 12.2,
9.4, 9.1, 23, 4.1, 6.8, 12.1, 11.2, 5.7, 8.5, 7.9, 5.5, 14.1),
X7 = c(8.5, 0.5, 5.1, 0.9, 0.7, 1.1, 3.6, 2, 1.4, 2, 5.6,
7.7, 2.5, 1.2, 6, 2.6, 2, 3, 1.7, 1.8, 4.4)), .Names = c("Regions",
"X1", "X2", "X3", "X4", "X5", "X6", "X7"),
class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-21L))
答案 1 :(得分：0)
一种tidyverse方法
df %>%
mutate_at(vars(starts_with("X")), function(x)
as.numeric(gsub("/(\\d+),(\\d+)", "\\1.\\2", x)))
# Regions X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7
#1 Piemonte 25.4 35.9 8.5 0.6 7.6 13.5 8.5
#2 Val_d_Aosta 41.3 49.6 1.9 0 0.9 5.8 0.5
#3 Lombardia 26.5 36.4 10.6 2.1 4.1 15.2 5.1
#4 Liguria 33.2 44.0 5.3 0.6 3.6 12.4 0.9
#5 Trentino 26.3 52.3 6.5 0.5 2.1 11.6 0.7
#6 Veneto 23.3 41.6 6.3 9.7 3.2 14.8 1.1
#7 Friuli 25.3 49.1 5.4 0.8 3 12.8 3.6
#8 Emilia_Romagna 29.4 40.7 7.9 0.9 5.6 13.5 2
#9 Toscana 38.5 37.2 5 2.6 3.1 12.2 1.4
#10 Umbria 32.0 46.8 4.6 0.7 4.5 9.4 2
#11 Marche 26.5 49.4 4.4 0.8 4.2 9.1 5.6
#12 Lazio 21.4 35.5 6.2 1.8 4.4 23 7.7
#13 Abruzzo 33.7 54.1 2.4 0.1 3.1 4.1 2.5
#14 Molise 24.0 64.5 0.6 0 2.9 6.8 1.2
#15 Campania 31.0 40.9 4.6 3.4 2 12.1 6
#16 Puglia 33.5 46.3 3.8 0.2 2.4 11.2 2.6
#17 Basilicata 24.4 60.4 2.9 0.1 4.5 5.7 2
#18 Calabria 28.5 54.3 3.6 0.3 1.8 8.5 3
#19 Sicilia 33.5 48.9 4.8 0.3 2.9 7.9 1.7
#20 Sardegna 32.1 54.6 3.6 0.1 2.3 5.5 1.8
#21 Italia 28.4 40.3 7.2 1.4 4.2 14.1 4.4
这会替换以X开头的所有列中的反斜杠和逗号，并将条目转换为numeric。
df <- read.table(text =
"Regions X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7
Piemonte /25,4 35.9 8.5 0.6 7.6 13.5 8.5
Val_d_Aosta /41,3 49.6 1.9 0.0 0.9 5.8 0.5
Lombardia /26,5 36.4 10.6 2.1 4.1 15.2 5.1
Liguria 33.2 /44,0 5.3 0.6 3.6 12.4 0.9
Trentino /26,3 52.3 6.5 0.5 2.1 11.6 0.7
Veneto 23.3 /41,6 6.3 9.7 3.2 14.8 1.1
Friuli 25.3 /49,1 5.4 0.8 3.0 12.8 3.6
Emilia_Romagna /29,4 40.7 7.9 0.9 5.6 13.5 2.0
Toscana 38.5 /37,2 5.0 2.6 3.1 12.2 1.4
Umbria 32.0 /46,8 4.6 0.7 4.5 9.4 2.0
Marche 26.5 /49,4 4.4 0.8 4.2 9.1 5.6
Lazio 21.4 /35,5 6.2 1.8 4.4 23.0 7.7
Abruzzo 33.7 /54,1 2.4 0.1 3.1 4.1 2.5
Molise 24.0 /64,5 0.6 0.0 2.9 6.8 1.2
Campania /31,0 40.9 4.6 3.4 2.0 12.1 6.0
Puglia 33.5 /46,3 3.8 0.2 2.4 11.2 2.6
Basilicata /24,4 60.4 2.9 0.1 4.5 5.7 2.0
Calabria /28,5 54.3 3.6 0.3 1.8 8.5 3.0
Sicilia 33.5 /48,9 4.8 0.3 2.9 7.9 1.7
Sardegna /32,1 54.6 3.6 0.1 2.3 5.5 1.8
Italia 28.4 /40,3 7.2 1.4 4.2 14.1 4.4", header = T)