我正在尝试使用pip3在OSX El Capitan上安装lxml；使用STATIC_DEPS进行了大量的谷歌搜索，但不幸的是，我现在收到一个错误，对我来说，这似乎意味着软件包中缺少文件：
$ STATIC_DEPS=true pip3 install lxml
Collecting lxml
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/54/a6/43be8cf1cc23e3fa208cab04ba2f9c3b7af0233aab32af6b5089122b44cd/lxml-4.2.3.tar.gz
Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
Building lxml version 4.2.3.
Latest version of zlib is 1.2.11
Downloading zlib into libs/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz from http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
Unpacking zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz into build/tmp
Latest version of libiconv is 1.15
Downloading libiconv into libs/libiconv-1.15.tar.gz from ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.15.tar.gz
Unpacking libiconv-1.15.tar.gz into build/tmp
Latest version of libxml2 is 2.9.8
Downloading libxml2 into libs/libxml2-2.9.8.tar.gz from ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/libxml2-2.9.8.tar.gz
Unpacking libxml2-2.9.8.tar.gz into build/tmp
Latest version of libxslt is 1.1.33
Downloading libxslt into libs/libxslt-1.1.33.tar.gz from ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/libxslt-1.1.33.tar.gz
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 2417, in retrfile
self.ftp.cwd(file)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/ftplib.py", line 631, in cwd
return self.voidcmd(cmd)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/ftplib.py", line 278, in voidcmd
return self.voidresp()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/ftplib.py", line 251, in voidresp
resp = self.getresp()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/ftplib.py", line 246, in getresp
raise error_perm(resp)
ftplib.error_perm: 550 Failed to change directory.
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 1540, in ftp_open
fp, retrlen = fw.retrfile(file, type)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 2419, in retrfile
raise URLError('ftp error: %r' % reason) from reason
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error ftp error: error_perm('550 Failed to change directory.')>
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/private/var/folders/hp/_4p52dfd7s9cf49p86sg1l_w0000gp/T/pip-install-yjxema7x/lxml/setup.py", line 241, in <module>
**setup_extra_options()
File "/private/var/folders/hp/_4p52dfd7s9cf49p86sg1l_w0000gp/T/pip-install-yjxema7x/lxml/setup.py", line 150, in setup_extra_options
STATIC_CFLAGS, STATIC_BINARIES)
File "/private/var/folders/hp/_4p52dfd7s9cf49p86sg1l_w0000gp/T/pip-install-yjxema7x/lxml/setupinfo.py", line 75, in ext_modules
multicore=OPTION_MULTICORE)
File "/private/var/folders/hp/_4p52dfd7s9cf49p86sg1l_w0000gp/T/pip-install-yjxema7x/lxml/buildlibxml.py", line 390, in build_libxml2xslt
libxslt_dir = unpack_tarball(download_libxslt(download_dir, libxslt_version), build_dir)
File "/private/var/folders/hp/_4p52dfd7s9cf49p86sg1l_w0000gp/T/pip-install-yjxema7x/lxml/buildlibxml.py", line 218, in download_libxslt
version_re, filename, version=version)
File "/private/var/folders/hp/_4p52dfd7s9cf49p86sg1l_w0000gp/T/pip-install-yjxema7x/lxml/buildlibxml.py", line 291, in download_library
urlretrieve(full_url, dest_filename)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 247, in urlretrieve
with contextlib.closing(urlopen(url, data)) as fp:
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 222, in urlopen
return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 525, in open
response = self._open(req, data)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 543, in _open
'_open', req)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 503, in _call_chain
result = func(*args)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 1551, in ftp_open
raise exc.with_traceback(sys.exc_info()[2])
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 1540, in ftp_open
fp, retrlen = fw.retrfile(file, type)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 2419, in retrfile
raise URLError('ftp error: %r' % reason) from reason
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error ftp error: URLError("ftp error: error_perm('550 Failed to change directory.')")>
----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /private/var/folders/hp/_4p52dfd7s9cf49p86sg1l_w0000gp/T/pip-install-yjxema7x/lxml/
由于命令在Downloading libxslt into libs/libxslt-1.1.33.tar.gz from ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/libxslt-1.1.33.tar.gz
上失败，因此我浏览了ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/站点，该站点没有ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/libxslt-1.1.33.tar.gz，只有ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/libxslt-1.1.33-rc1.tar.gz。
这是问题吗？如果是的话，有没有一种方法可以在包中覆盖它？还是我错过了什么？
答案 0 :(得分：0)
您可以通过手动下载libxml2和libxslt并从setup.py进行构建，而在仍然具有STATIC_DEPS功能的同时绕过FTP错误。
从lxml网站粘贴：
...如果要使用 特定版本，或想要阻止任何在线访问，可以 自己下载两个tar.gz发行文件，并将它们放入一个 lxml发行版中的子目录libs，并使用 所需的目标版本如下：
python setup.py build --static-deps \ --libxml2-version = 2.9.1 \ --libxslt-version = 1.1.28 \
sudo python setup.py安装