这看起来应该很简单,但我没有想到它,并且在阅读文档和搜索网页时没有得到太多帮助。为了学习使用Maven(2.2.1)和多模块项目,我使用Maven创建了一个带有C类(包含main)和子类S的简单项目P.当我运行mvn install
时构建运行并生成BUILD SUCCESSFUL消息。但是,当我运行生成的C jar时,我得到一个异常:“线程中的异常”主“java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:P / S”
目录结构(未显示src等子目录)是:
点
| --C
| --S
目录P中的pom.xml目前是:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>P</groupId>
<artifactId>P</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>P</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>P</groupId>
<artifactId>C</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>P</groupId>
<artifactId>S</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>P.C</mainClass>
<packageName>P.C</packageName>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<modules>
<module>C</module>
<module>S</module>
</modules>
</project>
C中的pom.xml是:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<artifactId>P</artifactId>
<groupId>P</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>P</groupId>
<artifactId>C</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>C</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>P</groupId>
<artifactId>S</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
并且S中的pom.xml是:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<artifactId>P</artifactId>
<groupId>P</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>P</groupId>
<artifactId>S</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>S</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
以上是经过多次尝试后的所有最新版本。
对于这个简单的学习练习,Java类是:
P / C / SRC /主/ JAVA / P / C.java:
package P;
public class C
{
public static void main( String[] args )
{
System.out.println( "Hello World!" );
S o = new S();
o.sayHey();
}
}
和S / src / main / java / P / S.java:
package P;
public class S
{
public void sayHey()
{
System.out.println("Hey!");
}
}
那么,我如何告诉Maven在C jar中包含S类?
答案 0 :(得分:3)
Maven默认情况下不包含工件中的依赖项:要运行P,您仍然需要在类路径中使用S.
这通常不是问题,因为maven本身使用传递依赖:例如,如果你有另一个项目依赖于P,它会自动将P和S都放在你的类路径中。
如果你想创建一个'uber-jar':一个包含所有依赖项的自包含jar,请查看'shade'插件:http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-shade-plugin/
答案 1 :(得分:3)
经过更多的研究,我发现了一种告诉Maven构建一个包含所有必需类的jar文件的方法。我必须更改的唯一pom是在P目录中。首先,以下部分必须从build-plugins部分 删除 :
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>P.C</mainClass>
<packageName>P.C</packageName>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
取而代之的是我:
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>create-executable-jar</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>P.C</mainClass>
<packageName>P.C</packageName>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
答案 2 :(得分:1)
maven exec插件可能会解决您的问题。您可以使用它来运行C.jar,它将管理类路径(并确保包含S.jar)。
在P pom.xml中添加与此类似的内容:
<project>
...
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.1</version>
<executions>
<execution>
...
<goals>
<goal>java</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<mainClass>P.C</mainClass>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
...
</project>
然后你应该能够运行这样的程序:
mvn exec:java -Dexec.mainClass="P.C"