我在编写此函数时遇到了麻烦，该函数是在双链表中的某个位置删除的。我觉得我正在泄漏内存，并且我没有为双重链接列表使用此属性。
代码如下：
template <class T>
void DoubleLinkedLists<T>::deletePosition(int pos) {
Node* prev = new Node;
Node* current = head;
for(int i = 1; i < pos; i++) {
prev = current;
current = current->next;
}
prev->next = current->next;
}
这几乎是我对单个链表所做的，所以我知道这是不对的。如果有人对双重链接列表有任何建议，我将不胜感激。
编辑：
我认为这现在可以正常工作：
template <class T>
void DoubleLinkedLists<T>::deletePosition(int pos) {
Node* temp = nullptr;
Node* current = head;
for(int i = 1; i < pos; i++) {
temp = current;
current = current->next;
}
temp->previous = current->previous;
temp->next = current->next;
}
这是完整的代码：
#ifndef DoubleLinkedLists_h
#define DoubleLinkedLists_h
template <class T>
class DoubleLinkedLists {
private:
struct Node {
T data;
Node* next;
Node* previous;
};
Node* head;
Node* tail;
public:
// Constructors
DoubleLinkedLists() : head(nullptr), tail(nullptr) {} // empty constructor
DoubleLinkedLists(DoubleLinkedLists const& value); // copy constructor
DoubleLinkedLists<T>(DoubleLinkedLists<T>&& move) noexcept; // move constuctor
DoubleLinkedLists<T>& operator=(DoubleLinkedLists&& move) noexcept; // move assignment operator
~DoubleLinkedLists(); // destructor
// Overload operators
DoubleLinkedLists& operator=(DoubleLinkedLists const& rhs);
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& str, DoubleLinkedLists<T> const& data) {
data.display(str);
return str;
}
// Member functions
void swap(DoubleLinkedLists& other) noexcept;
void push(const T& theData);
void push(T&& theData);
void display(std::ostream& str) const;
void insertHead(const T& theData);
void insertTail(const T& theData);
void insertPosition(int pos, const T& theData);
void deleteHead();
void deleteTail();
void deletePosition(int pos);
bool search(const T& x);
};
template <class T>
DoubleLinkedLists<T>::DoubleLinkedLists(DoubleLinkedLists const& value) : head(nullptr), tail(nullptr) {
for(Node* loop = value->head; loop != nullptr; loop = loop->next) {
push(loop->data);
}
}
template <class T>
DoubleLinkedLists<T>::DoubleLinkedLists(DoubleLinkedLists<T>&& move) noexcept : head(nullptr), tail(nullptr) {
move.swap(*this);
}
template <class T>
DoubleLinkedLists<T>& DoubleLinkedLists<T>::operator=(DoubleLinkedLists<T> &&move) noexcept {
move.swap(*this);
return *this;
}
template <class T>
DoubleLinkedLists<T>::~DoubleLinkedLists() {
while(head != nullptr) {
deleteHead();
}
}
template <class T>
void DoubleLinkedLists<T>::swap(DoubleLinkedLists<T> &other) noexcept {
using std::swap;
swap(head,other.head);
swap(tail,other.tail);
}
template <class T>
void DoubleLinkedLists<T>::push(const T& theData) {
Node* newNode = new Node;
newNode->data = theData;
newNode->previous = tail;
if(head == nullptr) {
head = newNode;
}
else {
tail->next = newNode;
}
tail = newNode;
}
template <class T>
void DoubleLinkedLists<T>::push(T&& theData) {
Node* newNode = new Node;
newNode->data = theData;
newNode->previous = tail;
if(head == nullptr) {
head = newNode;
}
else {
tail->next = newNode;
}
tail = newNode;
}
template <class T>
void DoubleLinkedLists<T>::display(std::ostream &str) const {
for(Node* loop = head; loop != nullptr; loop = loop->next) {
str << loop->data << "\t";
}
str << "\n";
}
template <class T>
void DoubleLinkedLists<T>::insertHead(const T &theData) {
Node* newNode = new Node;
newNode->data = theData;
newNode->next = head;
head->previous = newNode;
head = newNode;
}
template <class T>
void DoubleLinkedLists<T>::insertTail(const T &theData) {
Node* newNode = new Node;
newNode->data = theData;
newNode->previous = tail;
tail->next = newNode;
tail = newNode;
}
template <class T>
void DoubleLinkedLists<T>::insertPosition(int pos, const T &theData) {
if (pos < 0) {
throw std::invalid_argument("pos is not a valid index");
}
Node* current = head;
Node* previous = nullptr;
while(pos-- > 0) {
if(!current) {
throw std::invalid_argument("pos is not a valid index");
}
previous = current;
current = current->next;
}
Node* newNode = new Node;
newNode->data = theData;
newNode->previous = previous;
newNode->next = current;
if(newNode->previous) {
newNode->previous->next = newNode;
}
else {
head = newNode;
}
if(newNode->next) {
newNode->next->previous = newNode;
}
else {
tail = newNode;
}
}
template <class T>
void DoubleLinkedLists<T>::deleteHead() {
if (head != nullptr) {
Node* old = head;
head = head->next;
delete old;
}
else {
throw std::invalid_argument("the list is empty!");
}
}
template <class T>
void DoubleLinkedLists<T>::deleteTail() {
if(head != nullptr) {
Node* prev = nullptr;
Node* current = head;
while(current->next != nullptr) {
prev = current;
current = current->next;
}
tail = prev;
prev->next = nullptr;
delete current;
}
else {
throw std::invalid_argument("The list is already empty, nothing to delete.");
}
}
template <class T>
void DoubleLinkedLists<T>::deletePosition(int pos) {
Node* temp = nullptr;
Node* current = head;
for(int i = 1; i < pos; i++) {
temp = current;
current = current->next;
}
temp->previous = current->previous;
temp->next = current->next;
}
template <class T>
bool DoubleLinkedLists<T>::search(const T &x) {
Node* current = head;
while(current != nullptr) {
if(current->data == x) {
return true;
}
current = current->next;
}
return false;
}
#endif /* DoubleLinkedLists_h */
这是对其进行测试的main.cpp文件：
#include <iostream>
#include "DoubleLinkedLists.h"
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///////////////////////////// Double Linked List //////////////////////////////////
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
DoubleLinkedLists<int> obj;
obj.push(2);
obj.push(4);
obj.push(6);
obj.push(8);
obj.push(10);
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
std::cout<<"---------------Displaying All nodes---------------";
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
std::cout << obj << std::endl;
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
std::cout<<"----------------Inserting At Start----------------";
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
obj.insertHead(50);
std::cout << obj << std::endl;
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
std::cout<<"-----------------Inserting At End-----------------";
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
obj.insertTail(20);
std::cout << obj << std::endl;
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
std::cout<<"-------------Inserting At Particular--------------";
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
obj.insertPosition(5,60);
std::cout << obj << std::endl;
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
std::cout<<"----------------Deleting At Start-----------------";
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
obj.deleteHead();
std::cout << obj << std::endl;
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
std::cout<<"----------------Deleting At End-----------------";
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
obj.deleteTail();
std::cout << obj << std::endl;
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
std::cout<<"--------------Deleting At Particular--------------";
std::cout<<"\n--------------------------------------------------\n";
obj.deletePosition(5);
std::cout << obj << std::endl;
std::cout << std::endl;
obj.search(8) ? printf("Yes"):printf("No");
return 0;
}
答案 0 :(得分：2)
因此，您需要执行以下操作。请注意，您的代码不会处理索引超出范围的情况（即，指定的位置为负数或更长的列表）。看起来您不需要维护列表长度（在链接的代码中），因此我在for循环以及for循环之后添加了current != nullptr的检查以处理{{ 1}}比列表长。在那种情况下，现在代码将什么都不做，但是您可能会抛出超出范围的异常或类似的东西来指示无效条件。在卸下头部的情况下，您还需要注意固定头部指针。我假设您也可能有尾巴指针，因此您需要添加检查以查看是否要除去尾巴并进行修复。
注意
我没有对此进行编译，因此可能会有一两个错字，但这至少应该为您指明正确的方向。
pos