Question

仅使用标题很难解释这个问题。

我有很多字典，dict_list，长约18k。它们每个上的键之一是“过程”。流程为“蚀刻”和“ Depo”，每个流程将重复一小段，然后更改为另一个，然后返回。这些称为“行程”。

我需要将类似的进程分组到一个列表中，直到该进程更改为止，然后将该列表插入“运行”字典中。这是一个更好的视觉解释：

dict_list = [{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},
             {"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},
             {"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},
             {"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},
             {"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},
             {"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},
             {"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},
             {"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},
             {"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},
             {"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},
             {"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},
             {"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"}]

基本上，如果我遍历dict_list，一行一行地打印每个“ PROCESS”，则看起来像这样：

>>"Etch"
>>"Etch"
>>"Etch"
>>"Etch"
>>"Depo"
>>"Depo"
>>"Depo"
>>"Depo"
>>"Etch"
>>"Etch"
>>"Etch"
>>"Etch"
>>"Depo"
>>"Depo"
>>"Depo"
>>"Depo"

对于该示例，我将有4个“运行”词典，每个词典包含4个词典的列表。

我需要将它们分组到列表中，然后再分类为字典，例如：

new_dict_list = {
    "run 1": [{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"}],
    "run 2": [{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"}],
    "run 3": [{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"}]
}

那会是这样的：

遍历每本字典
将第一个词典放在列表中，然后将该列表添加到新词典中（我们称之为运行）
在下一次迭代中，如果dictionary [“ PROCESS”]相同，则将其存储进入同一列表和同一词典
如果dictionary [“ PROCESS”]更改，请将当前词典存储在新列表，然后放入新词典

我只是不确定如何将其放入python逻辑中。我对此还很陌生。

这是我到目前为止所拥有的：

prev_process = ""
counter = 0
new_dict_list = {}

for dictionary in dict_list:
  if dictionary["PROCESS"] != prev_process:
    counter += 1
    prev_process = dictionary["PROCESS"]
  new_dict_list["run " + counter] = dictionary

我感觉那里应该有一个while循环，“ while dictionary [“ PROCESS”]保持不变，做一些事情”，但是我不知道如何将其放入python中，或者如何分解（因为如果我像现在这样检查它，该条件将始终为真。

Answer 1

您可以使用itertools.groupby：

import itertools
dict_list = [{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Depo"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"},{"PROCESS": "Etch"}]
new_d = {'run {}'.format(i):list(b) for i, [_, b] in enumerate(itertools.groupby(dict_list, key=lambda x:x["PROCESS"]), 1)}

输出：

{'run 1': [{'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}], 
 'run 2': [{'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}, {'PROCESS': 'Depo'}], 
 'run 3': [{'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}, {'PROCESS': 'Etch'}]
}

itertools.groupby根据单个键对数据进行分类。在这种情况下，数据将按'PROCESS'键的值分组，从而导致嵌套列表（包含键值）和所有具有匹配键值的元素。要创建自定义的'run {number}'键，请使用enumerate以一种简洁的方式跟踪当前的迭代索引。

将字典列表分解为通用元素的字典

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