我有一个Windows Server AppFabric SDK中的Microsoft.ApplicationServer.Caching.DataCache对象的扩展方法,如下所示:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.ApplicationServer.Caching;
namespace Caching
{
public static class CacheExtensions
{
private static Dictionary<string, object> locks = new Dictionary<string, object>();
public static T Fetch<T>(this DataCache @this, string key, Func<T> func)
{
return @this.Fetch(key, func, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));
}
public static T Fetch<T>(this DataCache @this, string key, Func<T> func, TimeSpan timeout)
{
var result = @this.Get(key);
if (result == null)
{
lock (GetLock(key))
{
result = @this.Get(key);
if (result == null)
{
result = func();
if (result != null)
{
@this.Put(key, result, timeout);
}
}
}
}
return (T)result;
}
private static object GetLock(string key)
{
object @lock = null;
if (!locks.TryGetValue(key, out @lock))
{
lock (locks)
{
if (!locks.TryGetValue(key, out @lock))
{
@lock = new object();
locks.Add(key, @lock);
}
}
}
return @lock;
}
}
}
目的是让开发人员编写代码,说“先通过尝试缓存来获取一些数据。如果在缓存中不可用,则执行指定的函数,将结果放入缓存中以供下一个调用者使用,然后返回结果”。像这样:
var data = dataCache.Fetch("key", () => SomeLongRunningOperation());
执行可能长时间运行的函数的锁定限制调用单个线程,但仅限于同一台机器上的单个进程。您将如何扩展此模式以使锁定分布以防止多个进程/机器立即执行该函数?
答案 0 :(得分:8)
AppFabric拥有自己的分布式锁定机制,您可以通过GetAndLock/PutAndUnlock
系列方法访问它。如果您的项目已锁定,则正常Get
调用仍会成功并返回最后一个值,但进一步的GetAndLock
调用将引发异常。在您的客户端第一次请求缓存对象的情况下,您仍然可以锁定密钥,即使它尚不存在(它更像是一个预订而不是一个实体锁)。
public static T Fetch<T>(this DataCache @this, string key, Func<T> func, TimeSpan timeout)
{
var result = @this.Get(key);
if (result == null)
(
DataCacheLockHandle handle;
// We need a timespan to allow func time to run
TimeSpan funcTimespan = New TimeSpan(0,1,0);
try
{
// Lock the key
// If something goes wrong here it will unlock at the end of funcTimespan
var result = @this.GetAndLock(key, funcTimespan, handle);
if (result == null)
{
// Still no value so go and run func
result = func();
@this.PutAndUnlock(key, result, handle, timeout);
}
else
{
// There's a value now so we'll unlock the key and reset it's timeout
@this.Unlock(key, handle, timeout);
}
}
catch (DataCacheException ex)
{
if (ex.ErrorCode == DataCacheErrorCode.ObjectLocked)
{
// Another process has locked the key so func must be running right now
// We'll return null to the client
result = null;
}
}
if (result == null)
{
return null;
}
else
{
return (T)result;
}
)
}
答案 1 :(得分:4)
我正在寻找一个很好的实现,并提出了我自己的:
Distributed Lock with AppFabric Caching
本质上,它是DataCache类的AcquireLock()扩展方法,您可以像这样使用它:
DataCache cache = factory.GetCache("MyCache");
using (cache.AcquireLock("MyLock"))
{
// Lock acquired, perform synchronized work here
}