目标:仅使用LLVM在Windows上为ARM编译C ++程序。
为什么,因为许可许可,LLVM。
我开始怀疑我对LLVM的理解是否正确。
在主机上做
然后在目标计算机上执行。
主机 Windows 10(64位)
目标机器使用手臂cortex-a57驱动PX
程序
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
int x=41;
x++;
return x;
}
我已经签出并编译了LLVM(使用Visual Studio 2015,发布版本,CPU = x64)
我的尝试
clang.exe -target arm -march=armv8-a -mcpu=cortex-a57 -mfloat-abi=hard -emit-llvm -c -o main.bc main.cpp
llc.exe -march=arm -mcpu=cortex-a57 -mattr=a57,armv8-a,v8 -meabi=gnu -o main.s main.bc
lld-link.exe /entry:main /machine:arm main.s
错误
lld-link.exe: error: main.s: unknown file type
然后我尝试在Windows上执行前端步骤,在arm机器上执行后端步骤。
clang.exe -target arm -march=armv8-a -mcpu=cortex-a57 -mfloat-abi=hard -emit-llvm -c -o main.bc main.cpp
llc.exe -march=arm -mcpu=cortex-a57 -mattr=a57,armv8-a,v8 -meabi=gnu -o main.s main.bc
SCP main.s to the arm machine. SSH and
gcc main.s (using gcc as a test. LLVM should do this.)
错误
main.s: Assembler messages:
main.s:2: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.syntax'
main.s:3: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.eabi_attribute'
main.s:9: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.fpu'
main.s:26: Error: junk at end of line, first unrecognized character is `@'
main.s:29: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.code'
main.s:31: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.fnstart'
main.s:32: Error: junk at end of line, first unrecognized character is `@'
main.s:34: Error: operand 1 should be an integer register -- `mov r2,#0'
main.s:41: Error: operand 1 should be an integer or stack pointer register -- `add r0,r0,#1'
main.s:45: Error: unknown mnemonic `bx' -- `bx lr'
main.s:48: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.cantunwind'
main.s:49: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.fnend'
main.s:50: Error: junk at end of line, first unrecognized character is `@'
所以我试图只针对Windows
clang.exe -emit-llvm -c -o main.bc main.cpp
llc.exe -march=x86 -c -o main.s main.bc
ld.lld.exe main.s
错误
ld.lld.exe: error: main.s:1: unknown directive: .text
然后,使用gcc代替ld.lld.exe(再次使用gcc作为测试。LLVM应该这样做。)
clang.exe -emit-llvm -c -o main.bc main.cpp
llc.exe -march=x86 -c -o main.s main.bc
gcc main.s -o main.exe
那行得通。要测试我输入
main.exe
echo Exit Code is %errorlevel%
哪个返回42
常见问题
在Windows下仅使用LLVM(没有gcc,没有从ARM下载任何内容)针对ARM CPU编译C ++程序的步骤是什么?
具体问题
更新
所以我最初尝试了Cross-compilation using Clang
clang.exe --target=arm --sysroot=c:\code\clang\FromCmdLine main.cpp -v
结果是
clang.exe: error: linker (via gcc) command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
-v的详细信息是
"C:\\llvm\\clang.exe" -cc1 -triple armv4t-- -emit-obj -mrelax-all -disable-free -disable-llvm-verifier -discard-value-names -main-file-name main.cpp -mrelocation-model static -mthread-model posix -mdisable-fp-elim -fmath-errno -masm-verbose -mconstructor-aliases -target-cpu arm7tdmi -target-feature +soft-float -target-feature +soft-float-abi -target-feature -fp-only-sp -target-feature -d16 -target-feature -vfp2 -target-feature -vfp3 -target-feature -fp16 -target-feature -vfp4 -target-feature -fp-armv8 -target-feature -neon -target-feature -crypto -target-feature +strict-align -target-abi aapcs -msoft-float -mfloat-abi soft -fallow-half-arguments-and-returns -dwarf-column-info -debugger-tuning=gdb -v -resource-dir "c:\\llvm\\clang\\7.0.0" -isysroot "c:\\code" -fdeprecated-macro -fdebug-compilation-dir "c:\\code" -ferror-limit 19 -fmessage-length 293 -fno-signed-char -fobjc-runtime=gcc -fcxx-exceptions -fexceptions -fdiagnostics-show-option -fcolor-diagnostics -o "C:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\main-b17d06.o" -x c++ main.cpp
clang -cc1 version 7.0.0 based upon LLVM 7.0.0svn default target x86_64-pc-win32
ignoring nonexistent directory "c:\code\usr/local/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "c:\code\usr/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
C:\llvm\clang\7.0.0\include
End of search list.
"C:\\MinGW\\bin\\gcc.exe" "--sysroot=c:\\code" -v -o a.out "C:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\main-b17d06.o"
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=C:\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=c:/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/lto-wrapper.exe
Target: mingw32
Configured with: ../src/gcc-6.3.0/configure --build=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu --host=mingw32 --target=mingw32 --with-gmp=/mingw --with-mpfr --with-mpc=/mingw --with-isl=/mingw --prefix=/mingw --disable-win32-registry --with-arch=i586 --with-tune=generic --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,fortran,ada --with-pkgversion='MinGW.org GCC-6.3.0-1' --enable-static --enable-shared --enable-threads --with-dwarf2 --disable-sjlj-exceptions --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs --with-libiconv-prefix=/mingw --with-libintl-prefix=/mingw --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libgomp --disable-libvtv --enable-nls
Thread model: win32
gcc version 6.3.0 (MinGW.org GCC-6.3.0-1)
COMPILER_PATH=c:/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/;c:/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/;c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/
LIBRARY_PATH=c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/;c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/;c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/../../../../mingw32/lib/;c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/../../../;c:/code/clang/FromCmdLine/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-o' 'a.out' '-mtune=generic' '-march=i586'
c:/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/collect2.exe -plugin c:/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/liblto_plugin-0.dll -plugin-opt=c:/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/lto-wrapper.exe -plugin-opt=-fresolution=C:\Users\AppData\Local\Temp\ccufvVIA.res -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmingw32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_eh -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmoldname -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmingwex -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmsvcrt -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-ladvapi32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lshell32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-luser32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lkernel32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmingw32 -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_eh -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmoldname -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmingwex -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lmsvcrt --sysroot=c:\code\clang\FromCmdLine -Bdynamic -o a.out c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/../../../crt2.o c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/crtbegin.o -Lc:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0 -Lc:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc -Lc:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/../../../../mingw32/lib -Lc:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/../../.. -Lc:/code/clang/FromCmdLine/lib C:\Users\AppData\Local\Temp\main-b17d06.o -lmingw32 -lgcc -lgcc_eh -lmoldname -lmingwex -lmsvcrt -ladvapi32 -lshell32 -luser32 -lkernel32 -lmingw32 -lgcc -lgcc_eh -lmoldname -lmingwex -lmsvcrt c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/crtend.o
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\Users\AppData\Local\Temp\main-b17d06.o: Relocations in generic ELF (EM: 40)
C:\Users\AppData\Local\Temp\main-b17d06.o: error adding symbols: File in wrong format
更新
这不能完全回答我的问题,但确实可以帮助我进步。
为了更好地理解,我发现crosstool-NG很有用,尤其是documentation(第1至5章)。
然后,我阅读了cmake cross compiling文档。
我写了一个小型的cmake C ++测试。
Helloworld.cpp
#include <iostream>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
std::cout << "Hello World!" << std::endl;
return 0;
}
CMakeLists.txt
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.9)
project (hello)
add_executable(hello helloworld.cpp)
针对cmake的目标特定配置。来自4。
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR arm)
set(CMAKE_SYSROOT /home/user/x-tools/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnueabi/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnueabi/sysroot/)
set(CMAKE_STAGING_PREFIX /home/user/crosscompile/stage)
set(tools /home/user/x-tools/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnueabi)
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER ${tools}/bin/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnueabi-gcc)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER ${tools}/bin/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnueabi-g++)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE ONLY)
和命令行
cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=../toolchain_file.txt ..
该交叉编译到ARM,并且程序在ARM机器上运行。
但是这不使用LLVM / Clang。要使用LLVM,我考虑过更改工具链配置以使用
set(tools /usr/bin)
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER ${tools}/clang)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER ${tools}/clang++)
失败,因为该bin文件夹用于主机。
我还尝试使用从http://releases.llvm.org/download.html下载的AArch64。是的,那也不起作用。
总之,这是必需的。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
这是我要做的,要获得概念验证,仅使用llvm进行交叉编译,并且host = linux x86_64和target = DrivePX(arm aarch64)。 (还用于host = Windows 10 x86_64。)
我推荐croostool-ng之类的工具为您设置交叉编译工具链,但是下面的步骤显示了幕后发生的事情,并且仅使用llvm。
CC=gcc CXX=g++ cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ../llvm/
--target=aarch64-linux-gnu
-fuse-ld=lld
clang --target=aarch64-linux-gnu -v main.cpp -o main -fuse-ld=lld
ld.lld:错误:找不到库-lgcc
ld.lld:错误:找不到库-lgcc_s
ld.lld:错误:找不到库-lc
ld.lld:错误:无法打开crt1.o:没有此类文件或目录
clang --target=aarch64-linux-gnu -v main.cpp -o main -fuse-ld=lld -L./libs
ld.lld:错误:未定义符号:__libc_csu_fini
libc.so是一个链接器脚本,它告诉链接器插入共享库libc.so.6和一个非共享部分libc_nonshared.a
-lc -lc_nonshared
clang --target=aarch64-linux-gnu -v main.cpp -o main -fuse-ld=lld -L./libs -lc -lc_nonshared
我的短文本代码仅取决于libc,libgcc,并且不需要头文件。如果您的代码需要其他库和头文件,则必须将它们从目标复制到主机。
更新 如果您想了解libgcc,请阅读this question。