Question

我们正在使用SQL * Plus将数据导出到csv文件。我们有十进制和文本列，每个字段用逗号（,）分隔，但有些文本列也包含逗号。在将数据导入其他数据库时，我们发现文本中的这些逗号被视为列分隔符。谁能告诉我如何克服这个问题呢？

set tab off
SET head OFF
SET feedback OFF
SET pagesize 0
SET linesize 3000;
SET colsep ,
set trimspool on
set trimout on
set trims on
set null ""
set rowprefetch 2
set feedback off
set arraysize 1000
set PAGESIZE 50000
set STATEMENTCACHE 20
set numwidth 15
column coulmnName format 999999999.99
column coulmnName format 999999999.99
column coulmnName format 999999999.99
column coulmnName format 999999999.99

Answer 1

使用字符串数据类型将双引号字符连接到列的开头和结尾：

SELECT '"' || stringColumnA || '"' AS stringColumnA,
       numberColumnB,
       '"' || stringColumnC || '"' AS stringColumnC
       -- ...
FROM   table_name;

如果你的专栏已经包含双引号，那么将它们加倍来逃避它们：

SELECT '"' || REPLACE( stringColumnA, '"', '""' ) || '"' AS stringColumnA,
       numberColumnB,
       '"' || REPLACE( stringColumnC, '"', '""' ) || '"' AS stringColumnC
       -- ...
FROM   table_name;

Answer 2

如果您能够升级到SQL * Plus 12.2，则可以使用set markup csv on：

SQL> set markup csv on
SQL> select * from departments;

"DEPARTMENT_ID","DEPARTMENT_NAME","MANAGER_ID","LOCATION_ID"
10,"Administration",200,1700
20,"Marketing",201,1800
30,"Purchasing",114,1700
40,"Human Resources",203,2400
50,"Shipping",121,1500
60,"IT",103,1400
70,"Public Relations",204,2700
80,"Sales",145,2500
90,"Executive",100,1700
100,"Finance",108,1700

Answer 3

不要将列分隔符设置为逗号，而是设置为其他内容（例如管道|或感叹号!或哈希#或其他一些不存在的字符您即将导出的数据）。当然，在将数据加载到目标数据库时，您可以将该符号用作分隔符。

Answer 4

如果您在Linux环境中，则可以使用〜作为分隔符，然后使用sed修正输出。使用此方法，您不必知道表的内容即可创建csv文件。下面的脚本将每个字段都用双引号引起来，并删除结尾的定界符：

ORDER="01"
TABLE="MY_DATA_TBL"
CONN="127.0.0.1:31521/abc0008.world" #via ssh tunnel
sqlplus -L login/pswd@//${CONN}<<EOF >/dev/null
  set pagesize 4000;
  set verify off;
  set feedback off;
  set long 99999;
  set linesize 32767;
  set trimspool on;
  col object_ddl format A32000;
  set colsep ~;
  set underline off;
  set headsep off;
  spool ${ORD}${TABLE}.tmp1;
  select * from ${TABLE};
EOF
cat ${ORD}${TABLE}.tmp1 | sed -e "s/\"/'/" -e 's/ * / /g' -e "s/^ //" -e "s/ ~/~/g" -e "s/~ /~/g" | tail -n +11 | head -n -1 > ${ORD}${TABLE}.tmp2
head -n 1 ${ORD}${TABLE}.tmp2 | sed -e "s/$/~/" > ${ORD}${TABLE}.tmp3
tail -n +2 ${ORD}${TABLE}.tmp2 >> ${ORD}${TABLE}.tmp3
cat ${ORD}${TABLE}.tmp3 | sed -e "s/^/\"/" -e "s/~$/\"/" -e "s/~/\",\"/g" > ${ORD}${TABLE}.csv

如何在sqlplus中包含字符串结果的双引号？

4 个答案: