我无法在我的AWS服务器上构建rgdal（请参阅下面的代码块中的输出）。我从讨论here和here了解到，这与遗失的地理位置和gdal库有关，但建议的解决方案似乎都不起作用。如果我运行sudo yum install libgdal1 libgdal1-dev libgeos libgeos-dev，我会得到以下输出：
加载的插件：优先级，update-motd，upgrade-helper amzn-main
| 2.1 kB 00:00:00 amzn-updates
| 2.5 kB 00:00:00 1045包因存储库而被排除 优先保护没有包libgdal1可用。没有包裹 libgdal1-dev可用。已经打包geos-3.4.2-1.4.amzn1.x86_64 安装和最新版本没有包libgeos-dev可用。没有 做
我已经启用了EPEL，但它无法解决问题。
不幸的是，我对Linux不太熟悉，也不知道如何继续前进......
尝试安装rgdal后R输出：
> install.packages("rgdal", type="source")
Installing package into ‘/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/rgdal_1.3-2.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 1667049 bytes (1.6 MB)
==================================================
downloaded 1.6 MB
* installing *source* package ‘rgdal’ ...
** package ‘rgdal’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
configure: CC: gcc -m64 -std=gnu99
configure: CXX: g++ -m64
configure: rgdal: 1.3-2
checking for /usr/bin/svnversion... no
configure: svn revision: 755
checking whether the C++ compiler works... yes
checking for C++ compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables...
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yes
checking whether g++ -m64 accepts -g... yes
checking whether g++ -m64 supports C++11 features by default... no
checking whether g++ -m64 supports C++11 features with -std=gnu++11... yes
configure: C++11 support available
checking for gdal-config... /usr/local/bin/gdal-config
checking gdal-config usability... yes
configure: GDAL: 2.0.0
checking GDAL version >= 1.11.4... yes
checking gdal: linking with --libs only... yes
checking GDAL: /usr/local/share/gdal/pcs.csv readable... yes
checking proj_api.h presence and usability... yes
./configure: line 3395: test: =: unary operator expected
checking PROJ version >= 4.8.0... yes
checking projects.h presence and usability... yes
/tmp/ccV0TCuc.o: In function `main':
/tmp/Rtmp52ge38/R.INSTALL4e4e42b08a4a/rgdal/proj_conf_test2.c:14: undefined reference to `pj_get_default_ctx'
/tmp/Rtmp52ge38/R.INSTALL4e4e42b08a4a/rgdal/proj_conf_test2.c:20: undefined reference to `pj_ctx_fclose'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
./configure: line 3511: ./proj_conf_test2: No such file or directory
checking PROJ.4: epsg found and readable... yes
/tmp/cczdLgSd.o: In function `main':
/tmp/Rtmp52ge38/R.INSTALL4e4e42b08a4a/rgdal/proj_conf_test3.c:14: undefined reference to `pj_get_default_ctx'
/tmp/Rtmp52ge38/R.INSTALL4e4e42b08a4a/rgdal/proj_conf_test3.c:20: undefined reference to `pj_ctx_fclose'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
./configure: line 3570: ./proj_conf_test3: No such file or directory
checking PROJ.4: conus found and readable... yes
configure: Package CPP flags: -I/usr/local/include
configure: Package LIBS: -L/usr/local/lib -lgdal -lproj
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating src/Makevars
** libs
g++ -m64 -std=gnu++11 -I/usr/include/R -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -I"/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/sp/include" -I/usr/local/include -fpic -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -c OGR_write.cpp -o OGR_write.o
g++ -m64 -std=gnu++11 -I/usr/include/R -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -I"/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/sp/include" -I/usr/local/include -fpic -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -c gdal-bindings.cpp -o gdal-bindings.o
gcc -m64 -std=gnu99 -I/usr/include/R -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -I"/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/sp/include" -I/usr/local/include -fpic -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -c init.c -o init.o
gcc -m64 -std=gnu99 -I/usr/include/R -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -I"/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/sp/include" -I/usr/local/include -fpic -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -c inverser.c -o inverser.o
gcc -m64 -std=gnu99 -I/usr/include/R -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -I"/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/sp/include" -I/usr/local/include -fpic -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -c local_stubs.c -o local_stubs.o
g++ -m64 -std=gnu++11 -I/usr/include/R -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -I"/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/sp/include" -I/usr/local/include -fpic -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -c ogr_geom.cpp -o ogr_geom.o
gcc -m64 -std=gnu99 -I/usr/include/R -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -I"/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/sp/include" -I/usr/local/include -fpic -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -c ogr_polygons.c -o ogr_polygons.o
g++ -m64 -std=gnu++11 -I/usr/include/R -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -I"/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/sp/include" -I/usr/local/include -fpic -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -c ogr_proj.cpp -o ogr_proj.o
g++ -m64 -std=gnu++11 -I/usr/include/R -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -I"/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/sp/include" -I/usr/local/include -fpic -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -c ogrdrivers.cpp -o ogrdrivers.o
g++ -m64 -std=gnu++11 -I/usr/include/R -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -I"/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/sp/include" -I/usr/local/include -fpic -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -c ogrsource.cpp -o ogrsource.o
g++ -m64 -std=gnu++11 -I/usr/include/R -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include -I"/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/sp/include" -I/usr/local/include -fpic -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -c projectit.cpp -o projectit.o
g++ -m64 -std=gnu++11 -shared -L/usr/lib64/R/lib -L/usr/local/lib64 -o rgdal.so OGR_write.o gdal-bindings.o init.o inverser.o local_stubs.o ogr_geom.o ogr_polygons.o ogr_proj.o ogrdrivers.o ogrsource.o projectit.o -L/usr/local/lib -lgdal -lproj -L/usr/lib64/R/lib -lR
installing to /home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/rgdal/libs
** R
** data
** inst
** preparing package for lazy loading
** help
*** installing help indices
converting help for package ‘rgdal’
finding HTML links ... done
CRS-class html
GDALDataset-class html
GDALDriver-class html
GDALMajorObject-class html
GDALRasterBand-class html
GDALReadOnlyDataset-class html
GDALReadOnlyDataset-methods html
GDALTransientDataset-class html
GridsDatums html
RGB2PCT html
SGDF2PCT html
SpatialGDAL-class html
closeDataset-methods html
displayDataset html
llgrid html
Rd warning: /tmp/Rtmp52ge38/R.INSTALL4e4e42b08a4a/rgdal/man/llgrid.Rd:11: missing file link ‘Spatial’
Rd warning: /tmp/Rtmp52ge38/R.INSTALL4e4e42b08a4a/rgdal/man/llgrid.Rd:16: missing file link ‘gridat’
Rd warning: /tmp/Rtmp52ge38/R.INSTALL4e4e42b08a4a/rgdal/man/llgrid.Rd:17: missing file link ‘gridat’
make_EPSG html
nor2k html
projInfo html
project html
readGDAL html
Rd warning: /tmp/Rtmp52ge38/R.INSTALL4e4e42b08a4a/rgdal/man/readGDAL.Rd:136: missing file link ‘flipVertical’
readOGR html
showWKT html
spTransform-methods html
wrappers html
writeOGR html
** building package indices
** installing vignettes
** testing if installed package can be loaded
Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘rgdal’ in dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...):
unable to load shared object '/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/rgdal/libs/rgdal.so':
libgdal.so.20: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Error: loading failed
Execution halted
ERROR: loading failed
* removing ‘/home/andrea/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/rgdal’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘rgdal’ had non-zero exit status
The downloaded source packages are in
‘/tmp/RtmpnAqQL2/downloaded_packages’
答案 0 :(得分：0)
问题是，虽然正确构建了GDAL，但rgdal无法找到它的库。这是因为AWS ec2 AMI在库的默认搜索路径中不包含/usr/local/lib。该解决方案在this问题的答案中提供。
简而言之：
/etc/ld.so.conf修改sudo vi /etc/ld.so.conf，使其包含：include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf。/etc/ld.so.conf.d/libc.conf，使其包含：/usr/local/lib sudo ldconfig以保存更改这使得在构建rgdal时可以搜索库。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
将gcc版本升级到5.x.x，然后运行以下命令（取决于gcc版本，您可能具有libstdc ++。so.6.0.25的其他文件）：
cp /usr/local/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.25 / lib64 cd / lib64 rm -rf libstdc ++。so.6 ln -s libstdc ++。so.6.0.25 libstdc ++。so.6