Question

如何在文本文件中用<string>标记替换所有句子和段落？

我希望文本文档中的间距，标签和列表保持不变：

示例输入：

Clause 1:

  a) detail 1. some more about detail 1. Here is more information about this paragraph right here. There is more information that we think sometimes.

  b) detail 2. some more about detail 2. and some more..

示例输出：

<string>

  a) <string>

  b) <string>

Answer 1

我不知道这是否是最佳方式，但它相当简单，易于修改。它处理问题陈述中的示例，以及评论中的大部分示例。

import sys, re

text = sys.stdin.read()

# A pattern expressing the parts of the input that we want to preserve:
keeper_pattern = r'''(?x)  # verbose format

    (   # We put parens around the whole pattern
        # (and use ?: for subgroups)
        # so that when we use it as the splitter-pattern for re.split(),
        # the result contains one string for each occurrence of the pattern
        # (in addition to the usual between-splitter strings).

                    # The main thing we want to keep is paragraph-separators,
                    # and the 'lead' of the line that follows a para-sep:
                    #
        \n{2,}      # two or more newlines, followed by
        \x20*       # optional indentation (zero or more spaces), followed by
        (?:         # an optional item-marker, which is
          (?:         #   either
            \d+ \.    #       digits followed by a dot,
            |         #   or
            [a-z] \)  #       a letter followed by a right-paren,
          )           #   followed by
          \x20+       #   one or more spaces.
        )?

        |
                    # The other thing we want to keep is
                    # item-markers within paragraphs:
                    #
        \( i+ \)    # a lower-case Roman numeral between parens
                    # (generalize as necessary)
    )
'''

for (i, chunk) in enumerate(re.split(keeper_pattern, text)):

    # In the result of re.split(),
    # the splitters (keepers) will be in the odd positions.
    is_keeper = (i % 2 == 1)

    if is_keeper:
        if chunk.startswith('\n'):
            # paragraph-separator etc
            replacement = chunk
        else:
            # within-para item-marker
            replacement = ' ' + chunk + ' '
    else:
        if chunk == '':
            # (happens if two keepers are adjacent)
            replacement = ''
        else:
            # everything else
            replacement = '<string>'

    sys.stdout.write(replacement)

Answer 2

使用重新模块：

>>> import re
>>> text = 'Aaaaaaaaaaaaaaa,     to replace!\n to replace?\n\thelll34234ooooo'
>>> re.sub(r'(\w+)', '<string>', text)

输出：

>>> '<string>,     <string> <string>!\n <string> <string>?\n\t<string>'

re.sub 表示：用(\w+)替换text中<string>的每一次出现。

对于档案：

main.py:

import re

with open('main.py', 'r') as input:
    text = input.read()
    print(text, '\n\n----------------\n')
    print(re.sub(r'(\w+)', '<string>', text))

输出：

import re

with open('main.py', 'r') as input:
    text = input.read()
    print(text, '\n\n----------------\n')
    print(re.sub(r'(\w+)', '<string>', text)) 

----------------

<string> <string>

<string> <string>('<string>.<string>', '<string>') <string> <string>:
    <string> = <string>.<string>()
    <string>(<string>, '\<string>\<string>----------------\<string>')
    <string>(<string>.<string>(<string>'(\<string>+)', '<<string>>', 
<string>))

用python中的字符串替换句子/段落的最佳方法

2 个答案: