我有一个使用IN
子句的查询。这是一个简化版本:
SELECT *
FROM table A
JOIN table B
ON A.ID = B.ID
WHERE B.AnotherColumn IN (SELECT Column FROM tableC WHERE ID = 1)
tableC
没有Column
列,但查询执行得很好而没有错误消息。任何人都可以解释原因吗?
答案 0 :(得分:14)
如果外部查询中的表具有该名称的列,则此方法有效。这是因为外部查询中的列名可用于子查询,您可能故意在子查询SELECT列表中选择外部查询列。
例如:
CREATE TABLE #test_main (colA integer)
CREATE TABLE #test_sub (colB integer)
-- Works, because colA is available to the sub-query from the outer query. However,
-- it's probably not what you intended to do:
SELECT * FROM #test_main WHERE colA IN (SELECT colA FROM #test_sub)
-- Doesn't work, because colC is nowhere in either query
SELECT * FROM #test_main WHERE colA IN (SELECT colC FROM #test_sub)
正如Damien所说,保护自己免受这种不太明显的“陷阱”的最安全的方法是养成在子查询中对列名进行限定的习惯:
-- Doesn't work, because colA is not in table #test_sub, so at least you get
-- notified that what you were trying to do doesn't make sense.
SELECT * FROM #test_main WHERE colA IN (SELECT #test_sub.colA FROM #test_sub)
答案 1 :(得分:3)
如果你想在将来避免这种情况(Matt Gibson已经解释过),那么总是习惯于使用别名来指定列。 E.g:
SELECT *
FROM table A
JOIN table B
ON A.ID = B.ID
WHERE B.AnotherColumn IN (SELECT C.Column FROM tableC C WHERE C.ID = 1)
这会给你一个很好的错误信息(注意我还在where子句中指定了别名 - 如果tableC中没有ID列,你还有其他问题)