Question

I am going through the tutorial and documentation of python-docx.

However, I can't find any reference to how I can specify and manipulate the border appearance of a table created in a Microsoft Word document.

When i use the following code:

from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Inches

document = Document()

################################
################################
################################

table = document.add_table(rows=1, cols=3)
hdr_cells = table.rows[0].cells
hdr_cells[0].text = 'Qty'
hdr_cells[1].text = 'Id'
hdr_cells[2].text = 'Desc'

row_cells = table.add_row().cells
row_cells[0].text = 'Str0'
row_cells[1].text = 'Str1'
row_cells[2].text = 'Str2'

row2_cells = table.add_row().cells
row2_cells[0].text = 'Str00'
row2_cells[1].text = 'Str11'
row2_cells[2].text = 'Str22'

################################
################################
################################

document.save('demo.docx')

The resulting docx file shows the 3x3 table with header. Currently there is no black border (inner or outer) on this table.

How can I specify an upper and lower border around the header, a lower border to wrap around the table, as well as an inner vertical border?

For example:

Answer 1

不幸的是，没有办法直接操纵python-docx内的表格边框。您基本上需要使用style来指定这些。该样式必须已经存在于Word中。

为了根据自己的喜好生成表格样式，您需要在Word中手动创建一个新的空文档，自定义其中一个现有的表格样式（例如Colorful Shading），并使用此修改后的表格添加样式。接下来，删除此表并将文件（例如example.docx）保存在磁盘上。这是将修改的样式保存在文档中所必需的。

然后你需要做的就是使用python-docx加载文件并添加一个新表，它将引用（修改过的）表样式：

document = Document('example.docx')
table = document.add_table(rows=1, cols=3)
table.style = 'ColorfulShading'

有关Word中样式如何工作的详细信息，另请参阅文档中的Understanding styles。

Answer 2

由于python-docx库目前没有直接设置单元格边框的函数方法，我从这个web（强烈推荐的讲座）中找到了这个解决方案：

from docx.table import _Cell
from docx.oxml import OxmlElement
from docx.oxml.ns import qn

def set_cell_border(cell: _Cell, **kwargs):
    """
    Set cell`s border
    Usage:
    set_cell_border(
        cell,
        top={"sz": 12, "val": "single", "color": "#FF0000", "space": "0"},
        bottom={"sz": 12, "color": "#00FF00", "val": "single"},
        start={"sz": 24, "val": "dashed", "shadow": "true"},
        end={"sz": 12, "val": "dashed"},
    )
    """
    tc = cell._tc
    tcPr = tc.get_or_add_tcPr()

    # check for tag existnace, if none found, then create one
    tcBorders = tcPr.first_child_found_in("w:tcBorders")
    if tcBorders is None:
        tcBorders = OxmlElement('w:tcBorders')
        tcPr.append(tcBorders)
 
    # list over all available tags
    for edge in ('start', 'top', 'end', 'bottom', 'insideH', 'insideV'):
        edge_data = kwargs.get(edge)
        if edge_data:
            tag = 'w:{}'.format(edge)
 
            # check for tag existnace, if none found, then create one
            element = tcBorders.find(qn(tag))
            if element is None:
                element = OxmlElement(tag)
                tcBorders.append(element)
 
            # looks like order of attributes is important
            for key in ["sz", "val", "color", "space", "shadow"]:
                if key in edge_data:
                    element.set(qn('w:{}'.format(key)), str(edge_data[key]))

列出了用于编辑单元格边框的可选关键字参数列表 here。

Specify border appearance in tables using python-docx

2 个答案: