Dagger 2,在模块中提供应用程序上下文

时间:2018-06-02 10:02:33

标签: android kotlin dagger-2

我是Android开发中的新手,也是DI中的新手。我在个人项目中使用Kotlin,我正在尝试使用Dagger 2.我设法将它设置为一个util类,但是我需要有一个上下文来使用它来注入一个需要上下文的类(一个sharedpref manager)我失败了。这是我的代码,这是我得到的错误(NPE)。提前谢谢。

我的模块类

package com.android.pine

import android.content.Context
import com.android.pine.utils.SharedPreferencesManager
import dagger.Module
import dagger.Provides
import javax.inject.Singleton

@Module
class AppModule {

    @Provides
    @Singleton
    fun context(pineApplication: PineApplication): Context = pineApplication.applicationContext

    @Provides
    @Singleton
    fun provideSharedPrefManager(context: Context): SharedPreferencesManager = SharedPreferencesManager(context)
}

我的组件类:

package com.android.pine

import com.android.pine.home.HomePresenter
import com.android.pine.home.categories.CategoryAdapter
import dagger.Component
import javax.inject.Singleton

@Singleton
@Component(modules = arrayOf(AppModule::class))
interface AppComponent {
    fun inject(categoryAdapter: CategoryAdapter)
    fun inject(homePresenter: HomePresenter)
}

编辑:添加以下信息, 我如何调用sharedPreferencesManager的注入:

class HomePresenter : BasePresenter<HomeView>() {

    @Inject
    lateinit var sharedPreferencesManager: SharedPreferencesManager
.
.
.

同样在我的HomePresenter类中,在onAttached方法覆盖:

 DaggerAppComponent.create().inject(this)

我的pineApplication类和SharedPrefManager类如下所示:

class PineApplication @Inject constructor(): Application()

SharedPref:

class SharedPreferencesManager @Inject constructor(context: Context) {
.
.
.

崩溃,无法获取pineApplication.getContext()(已编辑,添加了完整的堆栈跟踪)

     06-02 11:57:01.028 14840-14840/com.android.pine.debug E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.android.pine.debug, PID: 14840
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to resume activity {com.android.pine.debug/com.android.pine.home.HomeActivity}: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'android.content.Context android.content.Context.getApplicationContext()' on a null object reference
    at android.app.ActivityThread.performResumeActivity(ActivityThread.java:3429)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleResumeActivity(ActivityThread.java:3469)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2732)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap12(ActivityThread.java)
    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1477)
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:154)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6119)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:886)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:776)
 Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'android.content.Context android.content.Context.getApplicationContext()' on a null object reference
    at android.content.ContextWrapper.getApplicationContext(ContextWrapper.java:106)
    at com.android.pine.AppModule.context(AppModule.kt:12)
    at com.android.pine.AppModule_ContextFactory.proxyContext(AppModule_ContextFactory.java:34)
    at com.android.pine.DaggerAppComponent.getContext(DaggerAppComponent.java:29)
    at com.android.pine.DaggerAppComponent.getSharedPreferencesManager(DaggerAppComponent.java:34)
    at com.android.pine.DaggerAppComponent.injectHomePresenter(DaggerAppComponent.java:59)
    at com.android.pine.DaggerAppComponent.inject(DaggerAppComponent.java:49)
    at com.android.pine.home.HomePresenter.onAttached(HomePresenter.kt:31)
    at com.android.pine.home.HomePresenter.onAttached(HomePresenter.kt:10)
    at com.android.pine.core.BaseActivity.onResume(BaseActivity.kt:34)
    at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnResume(Instrumentation.java:1269)
    at android.app.Activity.performResume(Activity.java:6783)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.performResumeActivity(ActivityThread.java:3406)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleResumeActivity(ActivityThread.java:3469) 
    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2732) 
    at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap12(ActivityThread.java) 
    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1477) 
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) 
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:154) 
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6119) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:886) 
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:776) 

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

您无法使用class PineApplication @Inject constructor(): Application()创建PineApplication。它是一个框架类,必须由Android Framework创建。

这样做Dagger会创建PineApplication,但applicationContext将返回null,因为它从未被初始化(由系统)。

不要将构造函数注入用于框架类,也不要自己创建。使用@Bindsintance将对象添加到组件及其构建器,或使用模块提供它。

答案 1 :(得分:1)

这是完成的方式。在组件中使用@BindsInstance会将应用程序注入到所有模块。在您的情况下,仅将其注入AppModule

@Singleton
@Component(modules = arrayOf(AppModule::class))
interface AppComponent {
    @Component.Builder
    interface Builder() {
        fun build(): AppComponent

        @BindsInstance
        fun application(application: Application): Builder
    }
}

**在APP模块中删除代码以“提供应用程序”功能,并确保您传递应用程序上下文以创建sharedPreferences。

@Module
class AppModule {


@Provides
@Singleton
fun provideSharedPrefManager(context: Application): SharedPreferencesManager = 
    SharedPreferencesManager(context)
}

,现在在您的applicationClass的onCreate中

DaggerAppComponent.builder().application(this).build()

可选:如果您想向applicationClass中注入一些东西,请执行以下操作

 DaggerAppComponent.builder().application(this).build().inject(this)

答案 2 :(得分:0)

对于提供应用程序上下文,您可以创建类,如ComponentsManager 用:

public class ComponentsManager {

    private Context context;
    private AppComponent appComponent;

    public ComponentsManager(Context context) {
        this.context = context.getApplicationContext();
    }

    public AppComponent getAppComponent(){
        if (appComponent == null){
            appComponent = DaggerAppComponent.builder()
                    .appModule(new AppModule(context))
                    .build();
        }
        return appComponent;
    }
}

在您的应用程序类中,初始化此ComponentsManager,如下所示:

public class YourApp extends Application {

    private static ComponentsManager componentsManager;

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        initComponentsManager();
        initAppComponent();
    }

    public static ComponentsManager getComponentsManager(){
        return componentsManager;
    }

    private void initComponentsManager(){
        componentsManager = new ComponentsManager(this);
    }

    private void initAppComponent(){
        componentsManager.getAppComponent();
    }
}

答案 3 :(得分:0)

您可以尝试像这样修改App模块。

@Module
class ApplicationModule(private val application: Application) {

    @Provides
    @Singleton
    fun provideContext(): Context {
        return application.applicationContext
    }

    @Provides
    @Singleton
    fun provideSharedPreferences(context: Context): SharedPreferences {
        return context.getSharedPreferences(PREF_FILE_NAME, Context.MODE_PRIVATE)
    }
}

然后你可以从Application类构建这样的匕首组件。

val appComponent = DaggerAppComponent.builder()
                .applicationModule(ApplicationModule(this))
                .build()

在演示者中注入这样的值。

application.appComponent.inject(this)