Question

我认为我的Mac上有Python和/或pip存在一些问题。我在全球安装了Python 2.7，然后我通常设置virtualenvs并安装Python3.6.4但是在最后一天左右我遇到了诸如Fabric和SSH2这样的软件包的问题，我要么无法安装各种错误，要么安装它们我尝试导入包时抛出的Fabric。

我现在正在尝试删除Fabric并安装Fabric3及其抛出错误，如下所示：

Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/Users/david/Documents/projects/uptimeapp/env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Fabric3-1.14.post1.dist-info'
Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions.

(env) Davids-MacBook-Air:uptimeapp david$ pip install fabric3 --user
Can not perform a '--user' install. User site-packages are not visible in this virtualenv.

如果我sudo pip install fabric，那么它会安装，但会发出此警告：

The directory '/Users/david/Library/Caches/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
The directory '/Users/david/Library/Caches/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.

但我认为不建议用sudo pip install？

这是我尝试pip install ssh2-python

时遇到的错误

ssh2/agent.c:569:10: fatal error: 'libssh2.h' file not found
    #include "libssh2.h"
             ^~~~~~~~~~~
    1 error generated.
    error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1

    ----------------------------------------
Command "/Users/david/Documents/projects/uptimeapp/env/bin/python3.6 -u  -c "import setuptools,   tokenize;__file__='/private/var/folders/bl/97vt48j97zd2sj05zmt4xst00000gn/T  /pip-install-mpyq41q4/ssh2-python/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open',   open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record   /private/var/folders/bl/97vt48j97zd2sj05zmt4xst00000gn/T/pip-record-qul_k3kq/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile -  -install-headers /Users/david/Documents/projects/uptimeapp/env/bin/../include/site/python3.6  /ssh2-python" failed with error code 1 in /private/var/folders/bl/97vt48j97zd2sj05zmt4xst00000gn/T/pip-install-mpyq41q4/ssh2-python/

我已设法删除Fabric并使用sudo命令安装Fabric3但我宁愿不这样做。

我应该补充说，在Python2.7或envs中全局安装其他软件包时没有任何其他问题。

Answer 1

出现permission denied错误，因为您已经通过安装sudo来加密虚拟环境。运行

$ sudo chown -R david:staff /Users/david/Documents/projects/uptimeapp/env

修复权限。如果您有其他权限问题，修复整个主目录的权限也许是明智的：

$ sudo chown -R david:staff /Users/david/

现在重新安装软件包应该再次运行：

$ source /Users/david/Documents/projects/uptimeapp/env/bin/activate
$ (env) pip uninstall -y fabric
$ (env) pip install fabric

'libssh2.h' file not found

表示在安装ssh-python之前，您需要先安装相应的lib：

$ brew install libssh2

Answer 2

您可以让pip将包安装在virtualenv库位置：

sudo -H venv/bin/pip install fabric

Pip问题 - 由于EnvironmentError导致无法安装软件包

2 个答案: