Question

我希望使用Google API搜索位置在Python中自动执行任务。现在，我的Google Maps API代码正在为一组地理坐标返回“医院”。

但是，我有一个包含许多地理坐标的CSV文件。

1: Hanoi,10.762622,106.660172  
2: Ho Chi Minh,12.762622,108.660175  
3: Ho Chi Minh,11.8542,108.660175 
4: ...
5: ...

正如您在我的代码中看到的那样，这样做效率不高，因为我需要手动更改地理坐标。

对于我的CSV文件中的每一行（地理坐标），我希望我的代码读取地理坐标1：Hanoi并为此地理坐标提供结果“医院”。在读取第2行：胡志明和所有其他行相同。

如何才能实现这样或任何使这样的任务更有效的好例子？

import urllib
import urllib.request
import json

googleGeocodeUrl = 'https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/textsearch/json?query='
keyword = "hospital"
geolocation = "&location=-12.135,-77.023&radius=5000"
APIKEY = '&key='+'apikey'

url = googleGeocodeUrl + keyword + geolocation + APIKEY
print(url)

url = googleGeocodeUrl + keyword + geolocation + APIKEY
json_response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
search = json_response.read().decode('utf-8')
searchjson = json.loads(search)

export = open('hopital.csv','w')
for place in searchjson['results']:
    print(place['name'])
    print(place['geometry']['location'])
export.write(place['name']+','+str(place['geometry']['location']['lng'])\
 +','+str(place['geometry']['location']['lat'])+'\n')
export.close()

Answer 1

您可以使用Python标准库中包含的csv库来实现此目的。

具体而言，csv.DictReader()和csv.writer()

csv.DictReader()示例：

import csv

with open('places.csv', newline='') as f:
    reader = csv.DictReader(f, fieldnames=["place", "longitude", "latitude"])
    places = [row for row in reader]

for row in places:
    # your code here

csv.writer()示例：

import csv

with open('hopital.csv','w', newline='') as f:
    writer = csv.writer(f)
    for place in searchjson['results']:
        writer.writerow([place['name'],
            str(place['geometry']['location']['lng']),
            str(place['geometry']['location']['lat'])])

此外，您还可以使用urllib.parse.urlencode()从参数和值的字典中自动生成参数字符串。

Answer 2

利用Python的csv库来帮助您阅读和编写CSV文件。另外，最好使用格式字符串来帮助将变量插入到URL中：

import csv
import urllib
import urllib.request
import json

googleGeocodeUrl = 'https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/textsearch/json?query={}&location={},{}&radius=5000&key={}'
keyword = "hospital"
key = '123'

with open('input.csv', newline='') as f_input, open('hospital.csv', 'w', newline='') as f_output:
    csv_input = csv.reader(f_input)
    csv_output = csv.writer(f_output)
    csv_output.writerow(['Search place', 'Name', 'Lat', 'Long'])

    for search_place, lat, long in csv_input:
        url = googleGeocodeUrl.format(urllib.parse.quote(search_place), lat, long, key)
        json_response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
        search = json_response.read().decode('utf-8')
        searchjson = json.loads(search)

        for place in searchjson['results']:
            row = [place['name'], place['geometry']['location']['lng'], place['geometry']['location']['lat']]
            csv_output.writerow(row)

格式字符串使用功能强大的迷你语言，但最简单的方法是，只需添加{}作为占位符即可替换。对于使用的每个{}，格式在调用时将其替换为匹配的参数，例如

'test{}'.format(123)
'lat is {}, long is {}'.format(123, 456)

Python读取csv逐行读取和循环函数

2 个答案: