ValueError:x必须由长度为3的向量组成,但具有形状(480,640,4)

时间:2018-05-27 11:32:38

标签: python python-3.x matplotlib

我有这个代码可以将颜色减少到最少量的颜色,以帮助识别它是什么;它工作得更早,但现在说它

ValueError: x must consist of vectors of length 3 but has shape (480, 640, 4)

就像我说的那样早些时候工作,但后来我尝试添加'白色',因为白色变成黄色,现在它根本不起作用

import numpy as np

from matplotlib import colors
from scipy.spatial import cKDTree as KDTree
from scipy.misc import face
from PIL import Image

REDUCED_COLOR_SPACE = True

# borrow a list of named colors from matplotlib
if REDUCED_COLOR_SPACE:
    use_colors = {k: colors.cnames[k] for k in ['red', 'green', 'blue', 'black', 'yellow', 'purple']}
else:
    use_colors = colors.cnames

# translate hexstring to RGB tuple
named_colors = {k: tuple(map(int, (v[1:3], v[3:5], v[5:7]), 3*(16,)))
                for k, v in use_colors.items()}
ncol = len(named_colors)


if REDUCED_COLOR_SPACE:
    ncol -= 1
    no_match = named_colors.pop('purple')
else:
    no_match = named_colors['purple']

# make an array containing the RGB values 
color_tuples = list(named_colors.values())
color_tuples.append(no_match)
color_tuples = np.array(color_tuples)

color_names = list(named_colors)
color_names.append('no match')

# get example picture
img = Image.open('apple.png')

# build tree
tree = KDTree(color_tuples[:-1])
# tolerance for color match `inf` means use best match no matter how
# bad it may be
tolerance = np.inf
# find closest color in tree for each pixel in picture
dist, idx = tree.query(img, distance_upper_bound=tolerance)
# count and reattach names
counts = dict(zip(color_names, np.bincount(idx.ravel(), None, ncol+1)))

print(counts)

import pylab

pylab.imshow(img)
pylab.savefig('apple.png')
pylab.clf()
pylab.imshow(color_tuples[idx])
pylab.savefig('minimal.png' if REDUCED_COLOR_SPACE else 'reduced.png')

之前确实有效:

Before

它确实起作用了:

After

问题是:
当我运行它时,我收到此错误

  

'第45行,在dist中,idx = tree.query(img,distance_upper_bound = tolerance)
  在scipy.spatial.ckdtree.cKDTree.query文件“ckdtree.pyx”,第754行   ValueError:x必须由长度为3的向量组成,但具有形状(480,640,4)'

我希望它能拍出我选择的照片,然后像上面发布的示例一样进行更改。

我怎么能意识到这一点?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

你得到的错误是不言自明的。这意味着您的图片处于RGBA模式,即其中包含Alpha通道,因此其形状为(640, 480, 4),通道为R,G,B, A

话虽这么说,您需要先将图片转换为RGB

img = img.convert("RGB")

然后,我尝试了this问题,我发现解决问题的唯一方法是将您的颜色转换为uint8格式:

更改此行:

color_tuples = np.array(color_tuples)

使用:

color_tuples = np.array(color_tuples).astype('uint8')

希望它有所帮助!