我正在尝试创建一个端点,使用django rest框架将图像(使用邮递员)上传到特定文件夹。这是我对文件夹的设置,
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
这是我的模特,
class UserMedia(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User, related_name='medias', on_delete=models.CASCADE, )
profile_image_web = models.FileField(null=True)
profile_image_android = models.FileField(null=True)
profile_image_ios = models.FileField(null=True)
thumbnail = models.FileField(null=True)
这是Serializer,
class UserMediaSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.UserMedia
fields = (
'profile_image_web', 'profile_image_ios', 'profile_image_android', 'thumbnail',
)
这是api,
class CreateUpdateUserMedia(views.APIView):
parser_classes = (MultiPartParser, FormParser)
def post(self, request, **kwargs):
serializer = UserMediaSerializer(request.data)
if serializer.is_valid():
serializer.save()
return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
else:
return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
现在,当我尝试使用POSTMAN上传与其中一个字段对应的一个图像时,这就是我得到的错误。
'Cannot call `.is_valid()` as no `data=` keyword argument was '
AssertionError: Cannot call `.is_valid()` as no `data=` keyword argument was passed when instantiating the serializer instance.
这是完全可以理解的,但我不知道如何解决它。
以下是我的问题,
如何使用django rest framework正确上传图像。
我不希望这个api一起调用4张图片,但一次只使用一张图片调用4次,如何传递相关名称和 相应地修改序列化程序。
如何为根媒体目录提供子路径。
- 醇>
最后我希望序列化程序显示完整的图像网址,我该怎么做?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
您使用的是serializer = UserMediaSerializer(request.data)
,但您应该通过serializer = UserMediaSerializer(data=request.data)
要在Django休息框架中上传图像,您应该在S3上传图像并在DRF API中传递s3网址或在序列化程序中使用base64字段并在API中发送图像的base64编码值
import uuid
import base64
import imghdr
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.core.files.base import ContentFile
from rest_framework import serializers
ALLOWED_IMAGE_TYPES = (
"jpeg",
"jpg",
"png",
"gif"
)
class Base64ImageField(serializers.ImageField):
"""
A django-rest-framework field for handling image-uploads through raw post data.
It uses base64 for en-/decoding the contents of the file.
"""
def to_internal_value(self, base64_data):
# Check if this is a base64 string
if not base64_data:
return None
if isinstance(base64_data, basestring):
# Try to decode the file. Return validation error if it fails.
try:
decoded_file = base64.b64decode(base64_data)
except TypeError:
raise serializers.ValidationError(_("Please upload a valid image."))
# Generate file name:
file_name = str(uuid.uuid4())[:12] # 12 characters are more than enough.
# Get the file name extension:
file_extension = self.get_file_extension(file_name, decoded_file)
if file_extension not in ALLOWED_IMAGE_TYPES:
raise serializers.ValidationError(_("The type of the image couldn't been determined."))
complete_file_name = file_name + "." + file_extension
data = ContentFile(decoded_file, name=complete_file_name)
return super(Base64ImageField, self).to_internal_value(data)
raise serializers.ValidationError('This is not an base64 string')
def to_representation(self, value):
# Return url including domain name.
return value.name
def get_file_extension(self, filename, decoded_file):
extension = imghdr.what(filename, decoded_file)
extension = "jpg" if extension == "jpeg" else extension
return extension
更新
您应该将ImageField(不是FileField)用于图像。
您可以像在任何其他字段中一样直接在序列化程序中使用上述字段。
class UserMediaSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
profile_image_web = Base64ImageField(required=False)
class Meta:
model = models.UserMedia
fields = ('profile_image_web', 'profile_image_ios', 'profile_image_android', 'thumbnail')