使用特定列相同的另一行的值更新列值

时间:2018-05-22 10:49:45

标签: sql sql-update firebird

我有一张桌子:

CREATE TABLE STOTMARS
(
  KODAS integer NOT NULL,
  PUNKTAS varchar(50) NOT NULL,
  MARS varchar(10) NOT NULL,
  EILNR integer NOT NULL,
  METRAI integer NOT NULL,
  VIDGR integer NOT NULL,
  TARPINIS varchar(1),
  CONSTRAINT STOTMARS_ID PRIMARY KEY (KODAS,PUNKTAS,MARS,EILNR)
);
CREATE INDEX STOTMARS_EILNR ON STOTMARS (EILNR);
CREATE INDEX STOTMARS_KODAS ON STOTMARS (KODAS);
CREATE INDEX STOTMARS_MARS ON STOTMARS (MARS);
CREATE INDEX STOTMARS_PUNKTAS ON STOTMARS (PUNKTAS);
GRANT DELETE, INSERT, REFERENCES, SELECT, UPDATE
 ON STOTMARS TO  SYSDBA WITH GRANT OPTION;

我需要在PUNKTAS =' Dvaro st.3'的行中更新EILNR的值。来自行的EILNR值具有相同的KODAS值和PUNKTAS值' Centro st.1'

到目前为止,我试过了:

update STOTMARS a
set a.EILNR = (
    select
        b.EILNR
    from STOTMARS b
    where a.PUNKTAS = 'Centro st.1' and a.MARS = b.MARS
)
where a.PUNKTAS = 'Dvaro st.3'

但是这给了我错误:

Executing statement...
Error: *** IBPP::SQLException ***
Context: Statement::Execute( update STOTMARS a
set a.EILNR = (
    select
        b.EILNR
    from STOTMARS b
    where a.PUNKTAS = 'Centro st.1' and a.MARS = b.MARS
)
where a.PUNKTAS = 'Dvaro st.3' )
Message: isc_dsql_execute2 failed

SQL Message : -625
The insert failed because a column definition includes validation constraints.

Engine Code    : 335544347
Engine Message :
validation error for column EILNR, value "*** null ***"


Total execution time: 0.000s

使查询更清晰:

select
a.MARS, a.EILNR, b.EILNR
from STOTMARS a
join STOTMARS b
on a.MARS = b.MARS and b.PUNKTAS = 'Dvaro st.3'
where a.PUNKTAS = 'Centro st.1'

给我一​​个表格,其中每个第三列值应替换为该行的第二列值。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

问题是内部选择没有产生任何行,因此更新尝试分配null,因为所应用的条件是互斥的,并且由于NOT NULL约束而失败{1}}:

EILNR

update STOTMARS a set a.EILNR = ( select b.EILNR from STOTMARS b where a.PUNKTAS = 'Centro st.1' and a.MARS = b.MARS ) where a.PUNKTAS = 'Dvaro st.3' 不能同时为a.PUNKTAS'Centro st.1'。内部选择中的条件应该使用'Dvaro st.3'

b.PUNKTAS

您可能还想考虑使用MERGE而不是此相关更新。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

您可以通过多种方式避免NULL。一种方法是用适当的值替换值:

update STOTMARS a
    set a.EILNR = (select coalesce(max(b.EILNR), 0)
                   from STOTMARS b
                   where a.PUNKTAS = 'Centro st.1' and a.MARS = b.MARS
                  )
    where a.PUNKTAS = 'Dvaro st.3';

或者,添加一个比较子句:

update STOTMARS a
    set a.EILNR = (select coalesce(max(b.EILNR), 0)
                   from STOTMARS b
                   where a.PUNKTAS = 'Centro st.1' and a.MARS = b.MARS
                  )
    where a.PUNKTAS = 'Dvaro st.3' and
          (select b.EILNR
           from STOTMARS b
           where a.PUNKTAS = 'Centro st.1' and a.MARS = b.MARS
          ) is not null;

请注意,这不会使用not exists,因此可以考虑NULL值sin EILNR