我在python上有一个小程序，使用python 3.4。但是，我无法在Windows上使用Cx_freeze将其设置为.exe。
我收到错误：
\build\exe.win-amd64-3.4>lcp.exe
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\initscripts\Console.py", line 27, in <module>
exec(code, m.__dict__)
File "LCP.py", line 5, in <module>
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\gi\__init__.py", line 118, in require_version
raise ValueError('Namespace %s not available' % namespace)
ValueError: Namespace Gtk not available
尝试使用cmd运行.exe时，只需双击即可正常运行。我只会看到一个打开并崩溃的屏幕。
该程序使用gi.repository并在开始时使用此代码：
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk,Gdk
我的setup.py就是这样：
import os
from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable
import sys
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk,Gdk
build_exe_options = { "include_msvcr": True}
# Frozen executables made by build_exe need to have everything that GTK
# loads at runtime available under the root where the built .exe goes.
common_include_files = []
# On MSYS2's MINGW64/32 enrironments, the DLLs we want are in PATH.
# Typically this means /mingw64/bin/libwhatever.dll. An alternative way
# of forming the list of required DLLs would be to parse the relevant
# .gir files (see below). However, libpangowin32-1.0-0.dll wouldn't be
# listed.
required_dll_search_paths = os.getenv("PATH", os.defpath).split(os.pathsep)
required_dlls = [
'libgtk-3-0.dll',
'libgdk-3-0.dll',
'libepoxy-0.dll',
'libgdk_pixbuf-2.0-0.dll',
'libpango-1.0-0.dll',
'libpangocairo-1.0-0.dll',
'libpangoft2-1.0-0.dll',
'libpangowin32-1.0-0.dll',
'libatk-1.0-0.dll',
]
for dll in required_dlls:
dll_path = None
for p in required_dll_search_paths:
p = os.path.join(p, dll)
if os.path.isfile(p):
dll_path = p
break
assert dll_path is not None, \
"Unable to locate {} in {}".format(
dll,
dll_search_path,
)
common_include_files.append((dll_path, dll))
# We need the .typelib files at runtime.
# The related .gir files are in $PREFIX/share/gir-1.0/$NS.gir,
# but those can be omitted at runtime.
required_gi_namespaces = [
"Gtk-3.0",
"Gdk-3.0",
"cairo-1.0",
"Pango-1.0",
"GObject-2.0",
"GLib-2.0",
"Gio-2.0",
"GdkPixbuf-2.0",
"GModule-2.0",
"Atk-1.0",
]
# Packages that need to be bundled go here.
common_packages = [
"gi","gtk-3.0", "Gdk-3.0" # always seems to be needed
# "cairo", # Only needed (for foreign structs) if no "import cairo"s
]
ejecutable = Executable(
script ="LCP.py",
#compress = True,
#copyDependenFile = True,
#appendScriptToExe =True,
#appendScriptToLibrary = True,
#icon = "imagen"
)
includes =['os','gi','gi.overrides']
packages = ['gi', 'os']
include_files= ['respuestasFrecuentes.txt'] #archivos extra q no sean .py
setup(
name = 'Respuestas Frecuentes',
author = 'Irina Marcano',
version = '0.1.0',
description = 'facilidad para modificar tus respuestas recientes',
executables= [ejecutable],
options = {"build_exe":{
"includes": includes,
"packages": packages,
"optimize": 2,
"include_files": include_files,
#"include_msvcr": include_msvcr,
} }
)
那个setup.py花了我几天时间才开始制作，因为它遇到了麻烦。到目前为止，甚至没有从文件夹上的库复制DLL工作。我一直坚持这个错误，我不知道现在该做什么。我正在使用Windows 10，在Windows 8上它也不会工作并给出与开始时所述相同的错误。在.py上打开程序可以很好地工作，甚至可以使用python 3.6打开，减去一些错误，因为它缺少gi和gtk。
注意当使用python setup.py构建时，我收到以下消息：
Missing modules:
? UserList imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? __main__ imported from bdb, pdb
? _dummy_threading imported from dummy_threading
? _posixsubprocess imported from subprocess
? _winreg imported from platform
? ce imported from os
? gi.repository.Atk imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.GLib imported from gi.overrides.Dee, gi.overrides.GObject, gi.overrides.Gio, pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.GObject imported from gi.overrides.GExiv2, gi.overrides.Gedit, gi.overrides.Gtk, gi.overrides.Vips, pygtkcompat.generictreemodel, pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.GUdev imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.Gdk imported from lcp__main__, pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.GdkPixbuf imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.GdkX11 imported from gi.overrides.Gdk
? gi.repository.Gio imported from gi.overrides.Ggit, pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.GooCanvas imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.Gst imported from gi.overrides.GstPbutils, pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.GstAudio imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.GstBase imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.GstController imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.GstInterfaces imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.GstPbutils imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.GstVideo imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.Gtk imported from lcp__main__, pygtkcompat.generictreemodel, pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.Pango imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.PangoCairo imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.Poppler imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.Vte imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.WebKit imported from pygtkcompat.pygtkcompat
? gi.repository.cairo imported from gi.overrides.Gdk
? grp imported from shutil, tarfile
? java.lang imported from platform
? org.python.core imported from copy
? os.path imported from os, pkgutil, py_compile, shutil, unittest.util
? posix imported from os
? pwd imported from http.server, posixpath, shutil, tarfile, webbrowser
? termios imported from tty
? vms_lib imported from platform
This is not necessarily a problem - the modules may not be needed on this platform.
我还不知道如何删除大部分内容，因为我的程序只使用了我需要gi才能访问的gtk和gdk。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
我也遇到了这个问题，并花了很多时间寻找解决方案。
将此部分添加到上面编写的cx_freeze的setup.py中：
for ns in required_gi_namespaces:
subpath = "Lib\girepository-1.0\{}.typelib".format(ns)
fullpath = os.path.join(sys.prefix, subpath)
assert os.path.isfile(fullpath), (
"Required file {} is missing" .format(
fullpath,
))
common_include_files.append((fullpath, subpath))
创建一个名为'GI_TYPELIB_PATH'的新环境变量，并将复制的gi_repository文件夹添加到您的项目\ lib目录中，并添加为其值。或使用os.path.dirname(sys.executable)