即使在保留副本之后，Python嵌套字典也会被覆盖

时间：2018-05-20 16:55:05

标签： python python-3.x dictionary

我有一个嵌套字典来查找一些信息。由于python标记数据的方式，我使用dict的copy方法创建了dicts的副本。但是当我更新最里面的字典时，它会改变所有其他日子的其他字符（星期一到星期五）。

以下是我如何宣传我的主词典： self.faculty_to_day_hour_slot_map 

self.faculty_to_day_hour_slot_map = {}
day_to_hour = {}
faculty_to_data = {} 

hour_to_allotflag = {}
for hour in range(1 , 9):
    hour_to_allotflag.update({hour : {'alloted': False}.copy()}.copy()) ;

for day in ['mon' , 'tue' , 'wed' , 'thu' , 'fri' , 'sat']:
    day_to_hour.update({day : hour_to_allotflag.copy()}.copy()) ;

for faculty_object in self.faculties:
    self.faculty_to_day_hour_slot_map.update({faculty_object.id : day_to_hour.copy()}.copy()) ;

当我像这样更新最里面的dict时会出现问题：

self.faculty_to_day_hour_slot_map.get(faculty).get(day).get(hour)['alloted'] = True

例如：

self.faculty_to_day_hour_slot_map.get('uniqueid').get('mon').get(1)['alloted'] = True

这使得所有＆＃39;分配＆＃39;在每天（星期一到星期五）内为真，小时= 1

如何解决这个问题？尽管使用copy方法，为什么会出现这种情况？

原始字典如下所示：

{51: {'mon': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'tue': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'wed': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'thu': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'fri': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'sat': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}}},
 15: {'mon': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'tue': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'wed': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'thu': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'fri': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'sat': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}}},
 16: {'mon': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'tue': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'wed': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'thu': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'fri': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'sat': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}}},
 17: {'mon': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'tue': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'wed': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'thu': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'fri': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'sat': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}}},
 18: {'mon': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'tue': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'wed': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'thu': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'fri': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'sat': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}}},
 19: {'mon': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'tue': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'wed': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'thu': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'fri': {1: {'alloted': True},
   2: {'alloted': True},
   3: {'alloted': True},
   4: {'alloted': True},
   5: {'alloted': True},
   6: {'alloted': True},
   7: {'alloted': True},
   8: {'alloted': True}},
  'sat': {1: {'alloted': True},
..... and so on

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：1)

copy（）函数创建对象的浅表副本。你可能需要的是一份深刻的副本。

import copy
d1 = {"Strongest Avenger": "Thor"}
d2 = copy.deepcopy(d1)

https://docs.python.org/2/library/copy.html

答案 1 :(得分：1)

正如评论和上一个答案所指出的，你应该使用deepcopy。另外，为了便于阅读，您可以使用functools.reduce创建嵌套的dict。

from functools import reduce
from copy import deepcopy

faculty = list(range(10))
days = ['mon' , 'tue' , 'wed' , 'thu' , 'fri' , 'sat']
hours = list(range(1, 9))

res = reduce(
        lambda d, ks: {k: deepcopy(d) for k in ks},
        [hours, days, faculty],
        {'alloted': True}
        )
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