询问关于Python中的优化工具

Question

我想使用python优化工具，这里是我编写的代码： 导入numpy为np 来自scipy.optimize import最小化

h = np.ones((2,2,2))
P_ULmax = 1e2;

def objective(y):
    temp = 0
    for b in range(2):
        for m in range(2):
            for n in range(2):
                interference = 1
                for b_p in range(2):
                    for m_p in range(2):
                        if b_p != b and m_p != m:
                            interference = interference + y[b_p,m_p,n]*h[b,m_p,n]*P_ULmax
                temp = temp +  y[b,m,n]*h[b,m,n]*P_ULmax/interference
    return -temp

#x0 = np.zeros(4)
x0 = np.ones((2,2,2))
print(objective(x0))
b = (0.0,1.0)
#bnds = ([b,b],[b,b])
bnds = ((0.0, 1.0))*len(x0.flatten())
bnds = np.reshape(bnds, (8,2))
#bnds = bnds.flatten()

sol = minimize(objective,x0,method='SLSQP',\
               bounds=bnds)

但是在跑步之后，它说你的目标函数必须是标量。问题是什么？ 非常感谢