Question

我正在学习C ++。最令人困惑的事情之一是学习如何在使用CMake时链接库（我在使用 CMake 的 Windows 上使用 CLION ）。我从here下载了GLFW的预构建二进制文件。我抓住了包含文件夹和使用mingw构建的库文件夹。我将必要的文件放在项目的dependencies文件夹中。我的文件夹结构如下所示。

文件夹结构

Project
├── bin
├── build
└── src
    ├── CMakeLists.txt
    ├── dependencies
    │   └── GLFW
    │       ├── include
    │       │   └── GLFW
    │       │       ├── glfw3.h
    │       │       └── glfw3native.h
    │       └── lib
    │           └── libglfw3.a
    ├── lib
    └── main.cpp

代码：（从GLFW文档here中提取的入门代码）

#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>

int main(void)
{
    GLFWwindow* window;

    /* Initialize the library */
    if (!glfwInit())
        return -1;

    /* Create a windowed mode window and its OpenGL context */
    window = glfwCreateWindow(640, 480, "Hello World", NULL, NULL);
    if (!window)
    {
        glfwTerminate();
        return -1;
    }

    /* Make the window's context current */
    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);

    /* Loop until the user closes the window */
    while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
    {
        /* Render here */
        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

        /* Swap front and back buffers */
        glfwSwapBuffers(window);

        /* Poll for and process events */
        glfwPollEvents();
    }

    glfwTerminate();
    return 0;
}

CmakeList.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(cmake)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ../bin)
set(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib)

target_include_directories(dependencies/GLFW/include)

add_executable(cmake main.cpp)

target_link_libraries(cmake dependencies/GLFW/lib/libglfw3.a)

错误

C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\JetBrains\Toolbox\apps\CLion\ch-0\181.4668.70\bin\cmake\bin\cmake.exe -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -G "CodeBlocks - MinGW Makefiles" C:\Users\username\CLionProjects\cmake\src
CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:11 (target_include_directories):
  target_include_directories called with incorrect number of arguments


-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "C:/Users/username/CLionProjects/cmake/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".

[Failed to reload]

请告诉我哪里出错了。在我的搜索中，我遇到了一些信息，说我不应该使用旧的cmake函数，如add_compiler_options，include_directories，link_directories，link_libraries。

更新了CMakeList.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(cmake)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/bin)
set(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib)

add_executable(cmake main.cpp)

target_include_directories(cmake PRIVATE dependencies/GLFW/include)
target_link_libraries(cmake ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/dependencies/GLFW/lib/libglfw3.a)

新构建错误

C:/mingw-w64/x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev1/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/7.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -ldependencies/GLFW/lib/libglfw3.a
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
mingw32-make.exe[3]: *** [CMakeFiles\cmake.dir\build.make:97: C:/Users/username/CLionProjects/cmake/src/bin/cmake.exe] Error 1
mingw32-make.exe[2]: *** [CMakeFiles\Makefile2:67: CMakeFiles/cmake.dir/all] Error 2
mingw32-make.exe[1]: *** [CMakeFiles\Makefile2:79: CMakeFiles/cmake.dir/rule] Error 2
mingw32-make.exe: *** [Makefile:117: cmake] Error 2

参考错误

C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\JetBrains\Toolbox\apps\CLion\ch-0\181.4668.70\bin\cmake\bin\cmake.exe --build C:\Users\username\CLionProjects\cmake\Build --target cmake -- -j 8
[ 50%] Linking CXX executable C:\Users\username\CLionProjects\cmake\src\bin\cmake.exe
CMakeFiles\cmake.dir/objects.a(main.cpp.obj): In function `main':
C:/Users/username/CLionProjects/cmake/src/main.cpp:9: undefined reference to `glfwInit'
C:/Users/username/CLionProjects/cmake/src/main.cpp:13: undefined reference to `glfwCreateWindow'
C:/Users/username/CLionProjects/cmake/src/main.cpp:16: undefined reference to `glfwTerminate'
C:/Users/username/CLionProjects/cmake/src/main.cpp:21: undefined reference to `glfwMakeContextCurrent'
C:/Users/username/CLionProjects/cmake/src/main.cpp:24: undefined reference to `glfwWindowShouldClose'
C:/Users/username/CLionProjects/cmake/src/main.cpp:27: undefined reference to `__imp_glClear'
C:/Users/username/CLionProjects/cmake/src/main.cpp:30: undefined reference to `glfwSwapBuffers'
C:/Users/username/CLionProjects/cmake/src/main.cpp:33: undefined reference to `glfwPollEvents'
C:/Users/username/CLionProjects/cmake/src/main.cpp:36: undefined reference to `glfwTerminate'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
mingw32-make.exe[3]: *** [CMakeFiles\cmake.dir\build.make:98: C:/Users/username/CLionProjects/cmake/src/bin/cmake.exe] Error 1
mingw32-make.exe[2]: *** [CMakeFiles\Makefile2:67: CMakeFiles/cmake.dir/all] Error 2
mingw32-make.exe[1]: *** [CMakeFiles\Makefile2:79: CMakeFiles/cmake.dir/rule] Error 2
mingw32-make.exe: *** [Makefile:117: cmake] Error 2

Answer 1

错误消息表明您没有向target_include_directories函数提供正确数量的参数。请参阅documentation中的target_include_directories语法。

target_include_directories（＆lt; target＆gt; [SYSTEM] [BEFORE]
＆LT; INTERFACE |公共| PRIVATE＆GT; [items1 ...] [＆lt; INTERFACE | PUBLIC | PRIVATE＆gt; [items2 ...] ...]）

角括号中的参数如<target>是必需的，方括号中的参数如[BEFORE]是可选的。

在您的示例中，目标的名称为cmake，因此include命令应该看起来像

target_include_directories(cmake PRIVATE "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/dependencies/GLFW/include")

您可以阅读${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}。

使用cmake包含静态库

1 个答案: