如何从Django中的charField末尾删除空格（trim）？
这是我的模型，你可以看到我尝试过使用干净的方法，但这些方法永远不会运行。
我也尝试过name.strip()，models.charField().strip()，但这些也不起作用。
有没有办法强制charField自动修剪？
感谢。
from django.db import models
from django.forms import ModelForm
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
import datetime
class Employee(models.Model):
"""(Workers, Staff, etc)"""
name = models.CharField(blank=True, null=True, max_length=100)
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
try:
# This line doesn't do anything??
#self.full_clean()
Employee.clean(self)
except ValidationError, e:
print e.message_dict
super(Employee, self).save(*args, **kwargs) # Real save
# If I uncomment this, I get an TypeError: unsubscriptable object
#def clean(self):
# return self.clean['name'].strip()
def __unicode__(self):
return self.name
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = 'Employees'
class Admin:pass
class EmployeeForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Employee
# I have no idea if this method is being called or not
def full_clean(self):
return super(Employee), self.clean().strip()
#return self.clean['name'].strip()
已编辑：已将代码更新为我的最新版本。我不确定我做错了什么，因为它仍然没有剥离空白（修剪）名称字段。
答案 0 :(得分：21)
当您使用ModelForm实例创建/编辑模型时，保证调用模型的clean（）方法。因此，如果要从字段中删除空格，只需在模型中添加clean（）方法（无需编辑ModelForm类）：
class Employee(models.Model):
"""(Workers, Staff, etc)"""
name = models.CharField(blank=True, null=True, max_length=100)
def clean(self):
if self.name:
self.name = self.name.strip()
我发现以下代码片段很有用 - 它会修剪所有模型字段的空白，这些字段是CharField或TextField的子类（因此这也会捕获URLField字段），而无需单独指定字段：
def clean(self):
for field in self._meta.fields:
if isinstance(field, (models.CharField, models.TextField)):
value = getattr(self, field.name)
if value:
setattr(self, field.name, value.strip())
有人正确地指出你不应该在名称声明中使用null = True。最佳做法是避免字符串字段为null = True，在这种情况下，上述内容简化为：
def clean(self):
for field in self._meta.fields:
if isinstance(field, (models.CharField, models.TextField)):
setattr(self, field.name, getattr(self, field.name).strip())
答案 1 :(得分：11)
必须调用模型清理（它不是自动的），因此在保存方法中放置一些self.full_clean()。
http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/models/instances/#django.db.models.Model.full_clean
至于表单，您需要返回已剥离的已清理数据。
return self.cleaned_data['name'].strip()
不知何故，我认为你只是试图做一堆不起作用的东西。请记住，表单和模型是两个非常不同的东西。
查看有关如何验证表单的表单文档 http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/forms/validation/
super(Employee), self.clean().strip() makes no sense at all!
这是你修改的代码：
class Employee(models.Model):
"""(Workers, Staff, etc)"""
name = models.CharField(blank=True, null=True, max_length=100)
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.full_clean() # performs regular validation then clean()
super(Employee, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
def clean(self):
"""
Custom validation (read docs)
PS: why do you have null=True on charfield?
we could avoid the check for name
"""
if self.name:
self.name = self.name.strip()
class EmployeeForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Employee
def clean_name(self):
"""
If somebody enters into this form ' hello ',
the extra whitespace will be stripped.
"""
return self.cleaned_data.get('name', '').strip()
答案 2 :(得分：5)
如果您要修剪这么多数据字段，为什么不尝试扩展CharField？
from django.db import models
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
class TrimCharField(models.CharField):
description = _(
"CharField that ignores leading"
" and trailing spaces in data")
def get_prep_value(self, value)
return trim(super(TrimCharField, self
).get_prep_value(value))
def pre_save(self, model_instance, add):
return trim(super(TrimCharField, self
).pre_save(model_instance, add))
更新： 对于Django版本＆lt; = 1.7如果要扩展字段，则使用models.SubfieldBase元类。所以这里就像：
class TrimCharField(six.with_metaclass(
models.SubfieldBase, models.CharField)):
答案 3 :(得分：4)
Django 1.9提供了一种实现此目的的简单方法。通过使用默认为True的strip参数，可以确保修剪前导和尾随空格。您只能在表单字段中执行此操作，以确保修剪用户输入。但这仍然无法保护模型本身。如果您仍想这样做，可以使用上述任何方法。
有关详细信息，请访问https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/forms/fields/#charfield
答案 4 :(得分：3)
我在视图中作为装饰器处理它。我还截断了超过CharField max_length值的字段值。
from django import forms
from django import models
from django.db.models.fields import FieldDoesNotExist
from django.utils.encoding import smart_str
class CleanCharField(forms.CharField):
"""Django's default form handling drives me nuts wrt trailing
spaces. http://code.djangoproject.com/attachment/ticket/6362
"""
def clean(self, value):
if value is None:
value = u''
value = smart_str(value).strip()
value = super(forms.CharField, self).clean(value)
return value
def truncate_charfield(model):
"""decorator to truncate CharField data to model field max_length.
Apply to the clean method in views Form:
@truncate_charfield(MyModel)
def clean(self):
...
"""
def wrap(f):
def wrapped_f(*args):
f(*args)
d = args[0].cleaned_data
for field in model._meta.fields:
try:
mf = model._meta.get_field(field.name)
if isinstance(mf, models.CharField) and field.name in d:
d[field.name] = d[field.name][:mf.max_length]
except FieldDoesNotExist:
pass
return d
return wrapped_f
return wrap
答案 5 :(得分：0)
如果你仍然没有对你（和我）的Django 1.9+羞辱并将其放入你的表格中。这与@ jeremy-lewis的答案相似，但我对他有几个问题。
def clean_text_fields(self):
# TODO: Django 1.9, use on the model strip=True
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/forms/fields/#charfield
from django.forms.fields import CharField
cd = self.cleaned_data
for field_name, field in self.fields.items():
if isinstance(field, CharField):
cd[field_name] = cd[field_name].strip()
if self.fields[field_name].required and not cd[field_name]:
self.add_error(field_name, "This is a required field.")
def clean(self):
self.clean_text_fields()