使用Jackson在Java中使用JSON序列化时遇到问题

时间:2018-05-17 07:56:35

标签: java json jackson

早上好!

我有一个JSON字符串,如下所示:

{
   "StatusCode":0,
   "Message":null,
   "ExecutionTime":0,
   "ResponseData":[
        {"Name":"name1","SiteId":"1234","Type":"Type1","X":"1234567","Y":"123456"},
        {"Name":"Name2","SiteId":"2134","Type":"Type2","X":"1234567","Y":"1234567"},
        {"Name":"Name3","SiteId":"3241","Type":"Type3","X":"1234567","Y":"1234567"},
        {"Name":"Name4","SiteId":"4123","Type":"Type4","X":"123456","Y":"123456"}
    ]
}

我想创建一个可以检索XY值的对象。

我一直在尝试使用Jackson序列化JSON字符串,但没有成功。我为杰克逊创建了两个额外的课程。顶层的一个类StatusCodeMessageExecutionTimeResponseData看起来像

public class PL {
private Long statusCode;
private String executionTime;
private String message;
private ResponseData responseData;
public PL(){
}

public void setStatusCode(Long statusCode){
  this.statusCode = statusCode;
}

public Long getStatusCode(){
  return this.statusCode;
}

public void setExecutionTime(String executionTime){
  this.executionTime = executionTime;
}
public String getExecutionTime(){
  return this.executionTime;
}

public void setMessage(String message){
  this.message = message;
}
public String getMessage(){
  return this.message;
}

public void setResponseData(ResponseData responseData){
  this.responseData = responseData;
}
public ResponseData getResponseData(){
  return this.responseData;
}
}

ReponseData作为对象返回,然后我有另一个用于序列化ResponseData的类,看起来像

public class ResponseData {

private String name;
private String siteId;
private String type;
private String x;
private String y;

public ResponseData(){
}

public void setName(String name){
  this.name = name;
}
public String getName(){
  return this.name;
}

public void setSiteId(String siteId){
  this.siteId = siteId;
}
public String getSiteId(){
  return this.siteId;
}

public void setType(String type){
  this.type = type;
}
public String setType(){
  return this.type;
}

public void setX(String x){
  this.x = x;
}
public String getX(){
  return this.x;
}

public void setY(String y){
  this.y = y;
}
public String getY(){
  return this.y;
}
}

然后我用

创建ObjectMapper
private final static ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

并尝试使用

读取值
ResponseData e = mapper.readValue(result.toString(), ResponseData.class);

并最终得到例外

  

com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.exc.UnrecognizedPropertyException:无法识别的字段“StatusCode”(类MyClass.ResponseData),未标记为可忽略(5个已知属性:“x”,“y”,“siteId”,“name “,”“类型”])

好像它无法解析第一个条目StatusMessage。即使我删除第二个类并且只尝试解析前面的四个条目,我将ResponseData作为String返回,我仍然会得到相同的异常。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

首先,在PL中,您应该拥有List<ResponseData>而不是简单的ResponseData属性。如您所见,在JSON中,ResponseData是一个数组"ResponseData":[...],因此它将被反序列化为List。列表中的每个元素都是您定义的ResponseData对象。

然后你遇到一个案例问题,你在JSON中的大写字母在你的类属性中没有。您可以使用@JsonPropertySee API)注释来解决此问题:

class PL {
    @JsonProperty("StatusCode")
    private Long statusCode;
    @JsonProperty("ExecutionTime")
    private String executionTime;
    @JsonProperty("Message")
    private String message;
    @JsonProperty("ResponseData")
    private List<ResponseData> responseDatas;

    public PL(){
    }

    // getters/Setters  

}


class ResponseData {

    @JsonProperty("Name")
    private String name;
    @JsonProperty("SiteId")
    private String siteId;
    @JsonProperty("Type")
    private String type;
    @JsonProperty("X")
    private String x;
    @JsonProperty("Y")
    private String y;

    public ResponseData(){
    }

    // getters/Setters  

}

然后将您的JSON读作PL对象,如下所示:

ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
PL pl = mapper.readValue(json, PL.class);
for(ResponseData rd : pl.getResponseDatas()) {
    System.out.println(rd.getX());
    System.out.println(rd.getY());
}

输出:

1234567
123456
1234567
1234567
1234567
1234567
123456
123456

答案 1 :(得分:2)

这很简单。使用类的组合定义响应结构。不幸的是在JSON中使用大写字段,开箱即用需要Java DTO中的大写字段名称。通过使用ObjectMapper上的 ACCEPT_CASE_INSENSITIVE_PROPERTIES 修饰符或通过注释具有相应名称的字段,可以轻松地将这些名称映射到传统的低案例名称。我更喜欢ObjectMapper上的属性,因为它使DTO独立于序列化代码,并且此技术在下面的测试中使用(测试为绿色):

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.MapperFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

public class TestDeserialization50386188 {

    public static class Response {

        public static class ResponseDataType {
            public String name;
            public String siteId;
            public String type;
            public long x;
            public long y;
        }

        public int statusCode;
        public String message;
        public long executionTime;
        public List<ResponseDataType> ResponseData = new ArrayList<>();
    }

    private static final String data = "{\"StatusCode\":0,\"Message\":null,\"ExecutionTime\":0,\"ResponseData\":[{\"Name\":\"name1\",\"SiteId\":\"1234\",\"Type\":\"Type1\",\"X\":\"1234567\",\"Y\":\"123456\"},{\"Name\":\"Name2\",\"SiteId\":\"2134\",\"Type\":\"Type2\",\"X\":\"1234567\",\"Y\":\"1234567\"},{\"Name\":\"Name3\",\"SiteId\":\"3241\",\"Type\":\"Type3\",\"X\":\"1234567\",\"Y\":\"1234567\"},{\"Name\":\"Name4\",\"SiteId\":\"4123\",\"Type\":\"Type4\",\"X\":\"123456\",\"Y\":\"123456\"}]}";

    @Test
    public void deserialize_response_withJackson_ok() throws IOException {
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper()
          .configure(MapperFeature.ACCEPT_CASE_INSENSITIVE_PROPERTIES, true);

        Response response = mapper.readValue(data, Response.class);

        assertEquals(4, response.ResponseData.size());
        assertEquals(1234567, response.ResponseData.get(2).x);
        assertEquals(1234567, response.ResponseData.get(2).y);
    }
}

您在this dedicated GitHub repo上找到包含可执行测试的项目。

Bob叔叔的"Clean Code" book并不真正推荐过度使用Java中常见的getter和setter for DTOs Response类。如果你愿意,你仍然可以用吸气剂/固定剂对替换所有公共区域,但是清晰度会受到影响而没有明显的质量提升。

答案 2 :(得分:1)

使用List接收数组。

<a href="?q={{ request.GET.q }}&page={{ page_obj.previous_page_number }}">

它将自动完成所有操作。