我有一个bash脚本,可以从/ etc / passwd这里查看和排序信息
export FT_LINE1=13
export FT_LINE2=23
cat /etc/passwd | grep -v "#" | awk 'NR%2==1' | cut -f1 -d":" | rev | sort -r | awk -v l1="$FT_LINE1" -v l2="$FT_LINE2" 'NR>=l1 && NR<=l2' | tr '\n' ',' | sed 's/, */, /g'
结果就是这个清单
sstq_, sorebrek_brk_, soibten_, sirtsa_, sergtsop_, sec_, scodved_, rlaxcm_, rgmecived_, revreswodniw_, revressta_,
如何用点(。)替换最后一个逗号?我希望它看起来像这样
sstq_, sorebrek_brk_, soibten_, sirtsa_, sergtsop_, sec_, scodved_, rlaxcm_, rgmecived_, revreswodniw_, revressta_.
答案 0 :(得分:3)
您可以添加:
| sed 's/,$/./'
(其中$
表示“行尾”)。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
您的命令中有许多管道,其中一些可以删除。
正如评论中所解释的cat <FILE> | grep
是坏习惯!通常,cat <FILE> | cmd
应替换为cmd <FILE>
或cmd < FILE
,具体取决于您的命令接受的参数类型。
在要处理的几个GB大小的文件上,您已经感受到了不同。
话虽如此,您可以使用awk
来执行整个处理而不使用单个管道,例如:
awk -v l1="$FT_LINE1" -v l2="$FT_LINE2" 'function reverse(s){p=""; for(i=length(s); i>0; i--){p=p substr(s,i,1);}return p;}BEGIN{cmp=0; FS=":"; ORS=","}!/#/{cmp++;if(cmp%2==1) a[cmp]=reverse($1);}END{asort(a);for(i=length(a);i>0;i--){if((length(a)-i+1)>=l1 && (length(a)-i)<=l2){if(i==1){ORS=".";}print a[i];}}}' /etc/passwd
<强>说明:强>
# BEGIN rule(s)
BEGIN {
cmp = 0 #to be use to count the lines since NR can not be used directly
FS = ":" #file separator :
ORS = "," #output record separator ,
}
# Rule(s)
! /#/ { #for lines that does not contain this char
cmp++
if (cmp % 2 == 1) {
a[cmp] = reverse($1) #add to an array the reverse of the first field
}
}
# END rule(s)
END {
asort(a) #sort the array and process it in reverse order
for (i = length(a); i > 0; i--) {
# apply your range conditions
if (length(a) - i + 1 >= l1 && length(a) - i <= l2) {
if (i == 1) { #when we reach the last character to print, instead of the comma use a dot
ORS = "."
}
print a[i] #print the array element
}
}
}
# Functions, listed alphabetically
#if the reverse operation is necessary then you can use the following function that will reverse your strings.
function reverse(s)
{
p = ""
for (i = length(s); i > 0; i--) {
p = p substr(s, i, 1)
}
return p
}
如果您不需要reverse
部分,则只需将其从awk
脚本中删除即可。
最后,没有使用过一个管道!!!