我在后端生成了散景图，我想将其嵌入到已经存在的角度4 webapp中。 目前我使用的是bokeh.components函数，它产生以下两个html标签。
<script type="text/javascript">
(function() {
var fn = function() {
Bokeh.safely(function() {
(function(root) {
function embed_document(root) {
var docs_json = '{"d199dc51-c663-4220-800f-a5f0d7c3a97a":{"roots":{"references":[{"attributes":{"bottom_units":"screen","fill_alpha":{"value":0.5},"fill_color":{"value":"lightgrey"},"left_units":"screen","level":"overlay","line_alpha":{"value":1.0},"line_color":{"value":"black"},"line_dash":[4,4],"line_width":{"value":2},"plot":null,"render_mode":"css","right_units":"screen","top_units":"screen"},"id":"f795b234-3b1e-4117-aa31-bccbbaaccf71","type":"BoxAnnotation"},{"attributes":{"axis_line_color":{"value":null},"formatter":{"id":"8c794376-5b4c-42f6-bcf4-662922d47df1","type":"BasicTickFormatter"},"major_tick_line_color":{"value":null},"minor_tick_line_color":{"value":null},"plot":{"id":"6fbff9b0-a4fc-4fc1-a50e-d34f906928b2","subtype":"Figure","type":"Plot"},"ticker":{"id":"5468ade8-3979-45b4-9dd0-fbb3cab5b888","type":"BasicTicker"},"visible":null},"id":"be01b966-482b-4e6f-8c6f-8bc0373791aa","type":"LinearAxis"},{"attributes":{},"id":"f9e57a1a-b5e1-4c3f-8e0d-4789dca393ec","type":"SaveTool"},{"attributes":{"fill_color":{"value":"#6C69EB"},"height":{"value":0.5},"right":{"field":"Sales"},"y":{"field":"ID"}},"id":"4dc67234-e29e-4e53-997c-3a6b2e40d5e5","type":"HBar"},{"attributes":{},"id":"db86af55-1185-4097-839a-8d5dc01f19a2","type":"LinearScale"},{"attributes":{},"id":"538fede7-868b-4740-a75e-cb6065ac1194","type":"ResetTool"},{"attributes":{"source":{"id":"946bc6d9-32c8-4dfe-8d34-a29c7c06a242","type":"ColumnDataSource"}},"id":"4ff758a6-c013-4e17-ae69-5c039b0c9394","type":"CDSView"},{"attributes":{"callback":null,"factors":["1348","1226","1306","1268","1103","1129","1340","1470","1783","1346","1264","1387","1775","1247","1771","1770","1773","1772","1190","1733","1727","1694","1584","1503","1113","404","403","401","509","1119","1653","1467","1677","1670","1565","1391","1699","995","1235","1314","1759","1218","1336","1553","1668","1134","1493","1742","1561","1501","1567","1676","1678","1251","1664","1056","1557","1753","1602","1288","1438","1657","1681","1604","1768","1105","1750","1009","1361","1666","1259","1766","1382"]},"id":"2949c368-f95d-4a48-addb-988e5d963ff9","type":"FactorRange"},{"attributes":{},"id":"925e5c0f-b284-4614-a702-33c0ee4bcf34","type":"WheelZoomTool"},{"attributes":{"grid_line_color":{"value":null},"plot":{"id":"6fbff9b0-a4fc-4fc1-a50e-d34f906928b2","subtype":"Figure","type":"Plot"},"ticker":{"id":"5468ade8-3979-45b4-9dd0-fbb3cab5b888","type":"BasicTicker"}},"id":"b1bd251f-e88f-46f1-ac91-5ab1d74ece4b","type":"Grid"},{"attributes":{},"id":"4f69bbc9-c6df-4c64-976c-9013fddff8db","type":"CategoricalTickFormatter"},{"attributes":{"callback":null,"tooltips":"\\n <div>\\n <div>\\n <span style=\\"font-size: 10px;\\">Merch_Ifonafed:</span>\\n <span style=\\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold;\\">@ID</span>\\n <div>\\n \\n <div>\\n <span style=\\"font-size: 10px;\\">Revenue:</span>\\n <span style= font-size:15px; font-weight: bold;>&#x20B9;</span> \\n <span style=\\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold;\\">@Sales{0,0.000}</span>\\n <div>\\n \\n <div>\\n <span style=\\"font-size: 10px;\\">Visits:</span>\\n <span style=\\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold;\\">@Count</span> \\n <div>\\n \\n <div>\\n <span style=\\"font-size: 10px;\\">Avg Val/Tr:</span>\\n <span style= font-size:15px; font-weight: bold;>&#x20B9;</span> \\n <span style=\\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold;\\">@AVG</span>\\n\\n \\n <div>\\n \\n <div>\\n <span style=\\"font-size: 10px;\\">Mode:</span>\\n <span style= font-size:15px; font-weight: bold;>&#x20B9;</span> \\n <span style=\\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold;\\">@Mode</span>\\n\\n <div>\\n \\n <div>\\n <span style=\\"font-size: 10px;\\">Unique_Visitors:</span>\\n <span style=\\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold;\\">@Unique_guests</span>\\n\\n </div>\\n </div>\\n "},"id":"508c69b2-507e-4091-8056-05e75b6a53bf","type":"HoverTool"},{"attributes":{},"id":"af2d3da9-5a8e-48f8-acb3-43d7d7778809","type":"HelpTool"},{"attributes":{},"id":"3de664c0-c02a-4eda-9c07-7e580557f395","type":"CategoricalScale"},{"attributes":{"axis_line_color":{"value":null},"formatter":{"id":"4f69bbc9-c6df-4c64-976c-9013fddff8db","type":"CategoricalTickFormatter"},"plot":{"id":"6fbff9b0-a4fc-4fc1-a50e-d34f906928b2","subtype":"Figure","type":"Plot"},"ticker":{"id":"89f1fa5c-f135-47df-8383-cb589af6606f","type":"CategoricalTicker"}},"id":"e9113819-fe22-4051-bbaa-c568873d85fe","type":"CategoricalAxis"},{"attributes":{"data_source":{"id":"946bc6d9-32c8-4dfe-8d34-a29c7c06a242","type":"ColumnDataSource"},"glyph":{"id":"4dc67234-e29e-4e53-997c-3a6b2e40d5e5","type":"HBar"},"hover_glyph":null,"muted_glyph":null,"view":{"id":"4ff758a6-c013-4e17-ae69-5c039b0c9394","type":"CDSView"}},"id":"9fed1d26-a3c2-4096-8c12-cca8bc423562","type":"GlyphRenderer"},{"attributes":{"below":[{"id":"be01b966-482b-4e6f-8c6f-8bc0373791aa","type":"LinearAxis"}],"left":[{"id":"e9113819-fe22-4051-bbaa-c568873d85fe","type":"CategoricalAxis"}],"outline_line_alpha":{"value":0.2},"renderers":[{"id":"be01b966-482b-4e6f-8c6f-8bc0373791aa","type":"LinearAxis"},{"id":"b1bd251f-e88f-46f1-ac91-5ab1d74ece4b","type":"Grid"},{"id":"e9113819-fe22-4051-bbaa-c568873d85fe","type":"CategoricalAxis"},{"id":"a48580a8-8254-4b66-a45c-a3e41210d5f4","type":"Grid"},{"id":"f795b234-3b1e-4117-aa31-bccbbaaccf71","type":"BoxAnnotation"},{"id":"9fed1d26-a3c2-4096-8c12-cca8bc423562","type":"GlyphRenderer"}],"title":{"id":"c23880dd-5727-4f94-9e1d-f1ecf3d2f71e","type":"Title"},"toolbar":{"id":"f380e570-a3bb-4430-9bb8-ba214afcf178","type":"Toolbar"},"x_range":{"id":"55df4eae-ccbb-4c6d-afa3-653995f8bb79","type":"DataRange1d"},"x_scale":{"id":"db86af55-1185-4097-839a-8d5dc01f19a2","type":"LinearScale"},"y_range":{"id":"2949c368-f95d-4a48-addb-988e5d963ff9","type":"FactorRange"},"y_scale":{"id":"3de664c0-c02a-4eda-9c07-7e580557f395","type":"CategoricalScale"}},"id":"6fbff9b0-a4fc-4fc1-a50e-d34f906928b2","subtype":"Figure","type":"Plot"},{"attributes":{},"id":"5468ade8-3979-45b4-9dd0-fbb3cab5b888","type":"BasicTicker"},{"attributes":{"plot":null,"text":""},"id":"c23880dd-5727-4f94-9e1d-f1ecf3d2f71e","type":"Title"},{"attributes":{"active_drag":"auto","active_inspect":"auto","active_scroll":"auto","active_tap":"auto","tools":[{"id":"883319d0-a94d-44bd-ad9d-8e7b4a393771","type":"PanTool"},{"id":"925e5c0f-b284-4614-a702-33c0ee4bcf34","type":"WheelZoomTool"},{"id":"ac6748d3-f7ae-4232-8ed3-74432a8f67ab","type":"BoxZoomTool"},{"id":"f9e57a1a-b5e1-4c3f-8e0d-4789dca393ec","type":"SaveTool"},{"id":"538fede7-868b-4740-a75e-cb6065ac1194","type":"ResetTool"},{"id":"af2d3da9-5a8e-48f8-acb3-43d7d7778809","type":"HelpTool"},{"id":"508c69b2-507e-4091-8056-05e75b6a53bf","type":"HoverTool"}]},"id":"f380e570-a3bb-4430-9bb8-ba214afcf178","type":"Toolbar"},{"attributes":{"overlay":{"id":"f795b234-3b1e-4117-aa31-bccbbaaccf71","type":"BoxAnnotation"}},"id":"ac6748d3-f7ae-4232-8ed3-74432a8f67ab","type":"BoxZoomTool"},{"attributes":{"callback":null,"column_names":["Count","AVG","ID","Sales"],"data":{"AVG":[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null],"Count":[11,473,224,12,2522,1,3,1668,4,116,355,248,7,9,2,4,1922,1,1613,62,239,1,135,14,685,303,720,1092,1,264,1384,311,3,1680,903,80,2,337,249,207,1,271,2,1,440,1312,74,1169,3,427,1303,36,46,1002,97,438,2,2,272,1287,1205,212,6,1142,42,925,3,1130,13,692,887,166,446],"ID":["1348","1226","1306","1268","1103","1129","1340","1470","1783","1346","1264","1387","1775","1247","1771","1770","1773","1772","1190","1733","1727","1694","1584","1503","1113","404","403","401","509","1119","1653","1467","1677","1670","1565","1391","1699","995","1235","1314","1759","1218","1336","1553","1668","1134","1493","1742","1561","1501","1567","1676","1678","1251","1664","1056","1557","1753","1602","1288","1438","1657","1681","1604","1768","1105","1750","1009","1361","1666","1259","1766","1382"],"Sales":[14920,113230,50641,2400,585233,0,0,438801,900,56428,116718,89224,0,0,780,0,552609,0,389764,14688,50450,0,28240,2680,147458,89125,183097,266313,0,2094625,499393,90876,10,434509,238438,17970,290,141866,85690,47865,0,71074,320,0,89103,348101,20536,283752,0,138798,341643,8950,8451,335189,23034,125857,0,0,80885,342261,351727,52722,732,324171,11451,245051,0,370611,2310,161049,257464,41871,107453]}},"id":"946bc6d9-32c8-4dfe-8d34-a29c7c06a242","type":"ColumnDataSource"},{"attributes":{"dimension":1,"grid_line_color":{"value":null},"plot":{"id":"6fbff9b0-a4fc-4fc1-a50e-d34f906928b2","subtype":"Figure","type":"Plot"},"ticker":{"id":"89f1fa5c-f135-47df-8383-cb589af6606f","type":"CategoricalTicker"}},"id":"a48580a8-8254-4b66-a45c-a3e41210d5f4","type":"Grid"},{"attributes":{},"id":"883319d0-a94d-44bd-ad9d-8e7b4a393771","type":"PanTool"},{"attributes":{},"id":"89f1fa5c-f135-47df-8383-cb589af6606f","type":"CategoricalTicker"},{"attributes":{"callback":null},"id":"55df4eae-ccbb-4c6d-afa3-653995f8bb79","type":"DataRange1d"},{"attributes":{},"id":"8c794376-5b4c-42f6-bcf4-662922d47df1","type":"BasicTickFormatter"}],"root_ids":["6fbff9b0-a4fc-4fc1-a50e-d34f906928b2"]},"title":"Bokeh Application","version":"0.12.13"}}';
var render_items = [{"docid":"d199dc51-c663-4220-800f-a5f0d7c3a97a","elementid":"74705daf-2fe7-47e6-9800-0ecaf72e9708","modelid":"6fbff9b0-a4fc-4fc1-a50e-d34f906928b2"}];
root.Bokeh.embed.embed_items(docs_json, render_items);
}
if (root.Bokeh !== undefined) {
embed_document(root);
} else {
var attempts = 0;
var timer = setInterval(function(root) {
if (root.Bokeh !== undefined) {
embed_document(root);
clearInterval(timer);
}
attempts++;
if (attempts > 100) {
console.log("Bokeh: ERROR: Unable to run BokehJS code because BokehJS library is missing")
clearInterval(timer);
}
}, 10, root)
}
})(window);
});
};
if (document.readyState != "loading") fn();
else document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", fn);
})();
</script>
以及
<div class="bk-root">
<div class="bk-plotdiv" id="74705daf-2fe7-47e6-9800-0ecaf72e9708"></div>
</div>
我可以嵌入一个小样板：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Bokeh Scatter Plots</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdn.pydata.org/bokeh/release/bokeh-0.12.6.min.css" type="text/css" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.pydata.org/bokeh/release/bokeh-0.12.6.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
(function() {
var fn = function() {
Bokeh.safely(function() {
(function(root) {
function embed_document(root) {
var docs_json = <!---docs_json---!>
var render_item = <!---items---!>
</head>
<body>
<div class="bk-root">
<div class="bk-plotdiv" id=<!--- div_id ---!>></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
为此，我需要从前两个脚本中解析出重要的变量（docs_json，render_id，div_id），然后使用Flask将它们作为json发送到前端。很像google forms question
https://groups.google.com/a/continuum.io/forum/#!topic/bokeh/McLDXP414ps
有没有更好的方法将散景图发送到角度前端，而不是必须完成所有这些？
答案 0 :(得分：0)
您希望能够从python后端发送更新事件，并具有Angular附带的所有不错的交互功能，例如按钮按下和文本输入事件，对吗？
我为您准备了一个不错的，干净的angular-project，请参见https://github.com/NuCOS/angular-bokeh，但是您必须根据需要实现交互，我不想让示例实际上是多余的。与您描述的问题没有直接关系。
简而言之，我表明您需要做更多的工作，不能像示例中那样将样板放入html部分。
要将BokehJS库集成到Angular项目中，我们使用一个名为 bokeh-chart 的角度组件。绘图数据很可能是由websocket服务提供的，在我们的示例中，我们使用 aiohttp ，但是您可以自由设置任何其他websocket连接。 角度分量可以通过其标记名集成到html中的任何位置，以下代码段显示了散景图分量
<bokeh-chart></bokeh-chart>
散景图组件是一个常规的角度组件，带有一个html部分
<div [id]="id"></div>
和一个打字稿部分。图表组件仅需要为其自己的html部分提供 id 。图表的数据由服务提供，该服务在 ngOnInit 中的组件初始化时立即调用。散景图组件的相关打字稿部分如下所示：
...
export class BokehChartComponent implements OnInit {
public id: string;
constructor(
private bokehService: BokehService) { }
ngOnInit() {
this.id = "chart";
this.bokehService.getChart(this.id);
}
}
由于 BokehJS 库没有可用的类型，因此angular中的集成并不像应该的那样简单。一个人只能通过该库的全局公开对象访问该库，在本例中，该对象也称为 Bokeh ，这是嵌入图表所需的唯一钩子。
// this is the global hook to the bokehjs lib (without types)
declare var Bokeh: any;
仅当您将常用的Java脚本插入角度应用程序index.html的最顶层html文件中时，此魔术才可以按预期工作。
<head>
...
<link
href="https://cdn.pydata.org/bokeh/release/bokeh-1.0.4.min.css"
rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<script src="https://cdn.pydata.org/bokeh/release/bokeh-1.0.4.min.js"></script>
</head>
BokehService 通过 MessageService 为图表提供数据，该消息封装了与后端的连接，以便人们只需要通过公开的方法发送适当的消息< strong> sendMsg （消息：消息）。
export class BokehService extends Connector {
constructor(private msgService: MessageService) {
super('BokehService');
this.msgService.register(this);
}
…
public getChart(id: string) {
const msg = {
name: 'addChart',
args: [id],
action: 'default'
};
this.msgService.sendMsg(msg);
}
此服务还向后端公开了一个方法，该方法实际上将图表绘制到本机DOM元素中，在这里我们必须先删除先前的图表
public plot(msg: Message) {
const id = msg.args.id;
const el = document.getElementById(id);
// first remove the previous charts as child
// this is necessary, since bokeh do not let us update a chart
while (el.hasChildNodes()) {
el.removeChild(el.lastChild);
}
// be sure to include the correct dom-id as second argument
Bokeh.embed.embed_item(msg.args.item, id);
}
我们示例中的后端服务是用python编写的。正如我所说，我们将aiohttp用作Web服务器的 async 解决方案。在浏览器中启动angular应用之后，angular WebsocketService 立即连接到服务器端的python后端。请记住，在生产中，您将在这一点上实现更高的安全性，例如身份验证。后端已准备好接收来自角度的事件，例如给我散景图的数据。 addChart （由angular消息调用）将chartItem作为json项发送，该json项连接到websocket服务
async def addChart(self, id_, user):
"""
Example for adding a bokeh chart from backend
"""
chartItem = self.chartProvider.chartExample()
print("try to add chart for dom-id %s" % id_)
context = {"name": "BokehService",
"args": {"item": chartItem, "id": id_},
"action": "plot"}
await self.send_event(json.dumps(context), user=user)
这里有趣的部分是 send_event 方法，该方法实际上基于我们对websocket服务器的实现。如前所述，该部分在您的个人实现中可能会有所不同。 图表的最小示例，也作为ChartProvider类的成员函数编写，看起来非常简单，并且只为Bokeh中的纯正弦图生成数据。
import time
import numpy as np
from bokeh.plotting import figure
from bokeh.embed import json_item
class ChartProvider():
def chartExample(self):
t0 = time.time()
# prepare some data
self.phi += 0.02
x = np.arange(0., 10., 0.1)
y = np.sin(x + self.phi)
# create a new plot
p = figure()
p.line(x, y, legend="SIN")
chart_item = json_item(p)
print(time.time()-t0)
return chart_item