如何在结构中使用冒号排序/ qsort()按字母顺序排序

时间:2018-05-14 19:01:30

标签: c struct quicksort bubble-sort

我需要编写一个代码,在结构中我记录汽车的车牌,型号,品牌,年份和每日价值。注册这些数据后,我需要根据汽车对整个结构进行排序。车牌,然后在屏幕上显示给用户。我在冒泡排序以及qsort()时遇到同样的问题,它只对盘子的第一个字母进行排序,所以如果我放置" ADB-1234 "对于汽车1," ABC-1234 "对于汽车2,它不会互换,而 ADB-1234 将是第一个牌照,而不是第二个。

应该是这样的,例如:

INPUT

Car 1

car plate: AGH-1234
car model: GTR
car brand: Nissan
car year: 2016
daily value of car: 100

Car 2

car plate: ABC-1234
car model: Corolla
car brand: Toyota
car year: 2014
daily value of car:50

...排序

输出

Car 2
car plate: ABC-1234
car model: Corolla
car brand: Toyota
car year: 2014
daily value of car:50

Car 1

car plate: AGH-1234
car model: GTR
car brand: Nissan
car year: 2016
daily value of car: 100

这里是使用冒泡排序的代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{

struct carro // STRUCT
{
    char placa[50];
    char marca[50];
    char modelo[50];
    char ano[50];
    char valordiaria[50];
};

struct carro car[3];


int x=0; //COUNTER



for(x=0; x<3; x++) // CAR REGISTER
{

    printf("\nCarro: %d", (x+1));

    printf("\nPlaca: ");
    gets(car[x].placa);
    fflush(stdin);

    printf("Marca: ");
    gets(car[x].marca);
    fflush(stdin);

    printf("Modelo: ");
    gets(car[x].modelo);
    fflush(stdin);

}

              //BUBBLESORT******

struct carro hold;
int o, pass;
int i=0;

for ( pass = 0; pass < 3 ; pass++ )//number of passes
    for ( o = 0; o < 3 - pass; o++ )//single pass
        if ( strcmp( car[o].placa, car[o+1].placa ) > 0)  
        {
            hold = car[o];
            car[o] = car[o+1];//swap array elements if statement is true
            car[o+1] = hold;
        }

printf("\n\nNomes em ordem alfabetica: \n");
for(x=0; x<3; x++) // MOSTRA NA TELA A STRUCT ORDENADA
{
    printf("\n\n\nCarro: %d", (x+1));
    printf("\nPlaca: %s", car[x].placa);
    printf("\nMarca: %s", car[x].marca);
    printf("\nModelo: %s", car[x].modelo);
    printf("\nAno: %s", car[x].ano);

}

}  

这里是使用qsort()的代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>


typedef struct   // STRUCT
{
    char placa[50];
    char marca[50];
    char modelo[50];
    char ano[50];
    char valordiaria[50];
} carro;
carro car[3];

int compare (const void * a, const void * b)
{

    carro *carroA = (carro *)a;
    carro *carroB = (carro *)b;



    return ( carroB->placa - carroA->placa );
}


int main()
{
    //struct carro car[3];

    int x=0; //COUNTER

    for(x=0; x<3; x++) // CAR REGISTER
    {

        printf("\nCarro: %d", (x+1));

        printf("\nPlaca: ");
        scanf("%s",car[x].placa);
        //fflush(stdin);

        printf("Marca: ");
        scanf("%s",car[x].marca);
        //fflush(stdin);

        //printf("Modelo: ");
        //scanf("%s",car[x].modelo);
        //fflush(stdin);
        /*
                printf("Ano: ");
                gets(car[x].ano);
                fflush(stdin);

                printf("Valor da diaria: ");
                fflush(stdin);
                gets(car[x].valordiaria);
                */
    }


    qsort (car, 3, sizeof(carro), compare);

    printf("\n\nSTRUCT ORDENADA: \n");
    for(x=0; x<3; x++) // MOSTRA NA TELA A STRUCT ORDENADA
    {
        printf("\n\n\nCarro: %d", (x+1));
        printf("\nPlaca: %s", car[x].placa);
        printf("\nMarca: %s", car[x].marca);
        //printf("\nModelo: %s", car[x].modelo);
        //printf("\nAno: %s", car[x].ano);
        //printf("\Valor da diaria: %s", car[x].valordiaria);
    }
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

你的问题在这里:

return ( carroB->placa - carroA->placa );

placa字段是指针 - C没有真正的字符串。从另一个指针中减去一个指针并不比较字符串,它会减去两个指针的内存地址。

您应该使用strcmp函数比较字符串。我会留给你阅读那篇文章。