我需要将一个大文件(14千兆字节)分成较小的文件。该文件的格式为txt,标签为&#34 ;;"我知道它有70列(字符串,双)。我想阅读1百万,并将它们保存在不同的文件,file1,file2 ... fileN。
在@MKR的帮助下
但过程很慢,我尝试使用fread,但这是不可能的。
如何优化此代码?
新代码
chunkSize <- 10000
conex <- file(description = db, open = "r")
data <- read.table(conex, nrows = chunkSize, header=T, fill=TRUE, sep =";")
index <- 0
counter <- 0
total <- 0
chunkSize <- 500000
conex <- file(description=db,open="r")
dataChunk <- read.table(conex, nrows=chunkSize, header=T, fill=TRUE,sep=";")
repeat {
dataChunk <- read.table(conex, nrows=chunkSize, header=FALSE, fill = TRUE, sep=";", col.names=db_colnames)
total <- total + sum(dataChunk$total)
counter <- counter + nrow(dataChunk)
write.table(dataChunk, file = paste0("MY_FILE_new",index),sep=";", row.names = FALSE)
if (nrow(dataChunk) != chunkSize){
print('linesok')
break}
index <- index + 1
print(paste('lines', index * chunkSize))
}
答案 0 :(得分:3)
您完全可以通过正确的方式获得解决方案。
The approach should be: 1. Read 1 million lines 2. Write to new files 3. Read next 1 million lines 4. Write to another new files
让我们在OP尝试的循环中转换上述逻辑:
index <- 0
counter <- 0
total <- 0
chunks <- 500000
repeat{
dataChunk <- read.table(con, nrows=chunks, header=FALSE, fill = TRUE,
sep=";", col.names=db_colnames)
# do processing on dataChunk (i.e adding header, converting data type)
# Create a new file name and write to it. You can have your own logic for file names
write.table(dataChunk, file = paste0("file",index))
#check if file end has been reached and break from repeat
if(nrow(dataChunk) < chunks){
break
}
#increment the index to read next chunk
index = index+1
}
已编辑:已修改,可根据OP的要求,使用data.table::fread
读取文件来添加其他选项。
library(data.table)
index <- 0
counter <- 0
total <- 0
chunks <- 1000000
fileName <- "myfile"
repeat{
# With fread file is opened in each iteration
dataChunk <- fread(input = fileName, nrows=chunks, header=FALSE, fill = TRUE,
skip = chunks*index, sep=";", col.names=db_colnames)
# do processing on dataChunk (i.e adding header, converting data type)
# Create a new file name and write to it. You can have your own logic for file names
write.table(dataChunk, file = paste0("file",index))
#check if file end has been reached and break from repeat
if(nrow(dataChunk) < chunks){
break
}
#increment the index to read next chunk
index = index+1
}
注意:以上代码只是 pseudo code
的部分代码段来帮助OP。它不会自行运行并产生结果。
答案 1 :(得分:3)
不是基于R的答案,但在这种情况下,我推荐使用GNU split
的基于shell的解决方案。这应该比R解决方案快得多。
要将文件拆分为每个包含10^6
行的块,您可以执行以下操作:
split -l 1000000 my_file.txt
有关split
的详细信息,请参阅例如: here