将fgets
和execve
混合在一起时,我遇到了一个奇怪的问题。
我有一个从文件中读取行的函数,并通过解析它们自己的函数或使用execve
来执行它们。为简单起见,我的测试文件只有外部函数:
echo whoowhee
lx
ls
dir
第二个命令lx
不存在,所以此时execve
应该失败。
以下是我从文件中读取的代码:
while(fgets(line, 1024, testfile) != NULL){
if(strlen(line) < 3){continue;}
if(line[0] == '#'){continue;}
printf("%s%s", value("PROMPT"), line); // Emulates the prompt
//Terminates line at right place to simulate input
line[strlen(line)-2] = '\0';
execute(line);
Var *prompt = retrieveVar("PROMPT");
sprintf(prompt->value, "< Executing script... - [%s] > $ ", value("EXITCODE"));
lineNo++;
}
这是我的fork-exec块:
if(pid == 0){ // Child
// For loop for using all paths
for(int i = 0; i < pathn; i++){
args[0] = paths[i];
// Executes command path[i] with arguments args with environment envp
execve(paths[i], args, envp);
}
perror("execve");
exit(0);
}
else if(pid > 0){ //Parent
current_pid = pid;
if(setpgid(pid, pid) != 0) perror("setpid");
// Waits if background flag not activated.
if(BG == 0){
// WUNTRACED used to stop waiting when suspended
waitpid(current_pid, &status, WUNTRACED);
if(WIFEXITED(status)){
setExitcode(WEXITSTATUS(status));
}
else if(WIFSIGNALED(status)){
printf("Process received SIGNAL %d\n", WTERMSIG(status));
}
}
}
else{
perror("fork()");
}
由于execve
需要程序的绝对路径,paths
是程序应该存在的可能路径数组。BG
说明进程是否应该在后台执行,{{ 1}}是进程的exitcode,而value("EXITCODE")
是你猜对了,执行该行的函数。
现在,这是我运行testfile时的输出,代码原样是:
execute
如您所见,<Welcome to Eggshell> $ echo whoowhee
whoowhee
< Executing script... - [0] > $ lx
execve: No such file or directory
< Executing script... - [0] > $ ls
add-on codecov.yml documentation eggshell.c LICENSE Makefile README.md switch.sh val.log
ci createfile.txt eggshell eggshell.h main.c Makefile-Clang src testinput.txt
< Executing script... - [0] > $ dir
add-on codecov.yml documentation eggshell.c LICENSE Makefile README.md switch.sh val.log
ci createfile.txt eggshell eggshell.h main.c Makefile-Clang src testinput.txt
< Executing script... - [0] > $ dir
add-on codecov.yml documentation eggshell.c LICENSE Makefile README.md switch.sh val.log
ci createfile.txt eggshell eggshell.h main.c Makefile-Clang src testinput.txt
运行两次。
如果我在文本文件中添加另一个无意义的命令,问题就不会停在这里:
dir
如果我尝试运行该函数,它最终会陷入无限循环。不仅如此,这次它一遍又一遍地运行整个文件!
但是,如果我从echo whoowhee
lx
onetimesoneistwo
ls
dir
位中删除exit
并重新运行该函数,则会出现以下情况:
fork-exec
令人惊讶的是,它不是一个无限循环!确保<Welcome to Eggshell> $ echo whoowhee
whoowhee
< Executing script... - [0] > $ lx
execve: No such file or directory
< Executing script... - [0] > $ onetimesoneistwo
execve: No such file or directory
< Executing script... - [0] > $ ls
add-on codecov.yml documentation eggshell.c LICENSE Makefile README.md switch.sh val.log
ci createfile.txt eggshell eggshell.h main.c Makefile-Clang src testinput.txt
< Executing script... - [0] > $ dir
add-on codecov.yml documentation eggshell.c LICENSE Makefile README.md switch.sh val.log
ci createfile.txt eggshell eggshell.h main.c Makefile-Clang src testinput.txt
< Executing script... - [0] > $ ls
add-on codecov.yml documentation eggshell.c LICENSE Makefile README.md switch.sh val.log
ci createfile.txt eggshell eggshell.h main.c Makefile-Clang src testinput.txt
< Executing script... - [0] > $ dir
add-on codecov.yml documentation eggshell.c LICENSE Makefile README.md switch.sh val.log
ci createfile.txt eggshell eggshell.h main.c Makefile-Clang src testinput.txt
< Executing script... - [0] > $ onetimesoneistwo
execve: No such file or directory
< Executing script... - [0] > $ ls
add-on codecov.yml documentation eggshell.c LICENSE Makefile README.md switch.sh val.log
ci createfile.txt eggshell eggshell.h main.c Makefile-Clang src testinput.txt
< Executing script... - [0] > $ dir
add-on codecov.yml documentation eggshell.c LICENSE Makefile README.md switch.sh val.log
ci createfile.txt eggshell eggshell.h main.c Makefile-Clang src testinput.txt
< Executing script... - [0] > $ ls
add-on codecov.yml documentation eggshell.c LICENSE Makefile README.md switch.sh val.log
ci createfile.txt eggshell eggshell.h main.c Makefile-Clang src testinput.txt
< Executing script... - [0] > $ dir
add-on codecov.yml documentation eggshell.c LICENSE Makefile README.md switch.sh val.log
ci createfile.txt eggshell eggshell.h main.c Makefile-Clang src testinput.txt
运行4次之后的每个命令,onetimesoneistwo
本身运行两次,但至少它是什么。
我猜测onetimesoneistwo
失败会导致分叉的孩子永远不会终止,但是为什么execve
会导致无限循环,而之后没有exit
重复所有指令?
有趣的故事是,如果我正常运行程序,自己提供输入而不是从文件中获取输入,同样的事情不会发生,所以我的猜测是我的源函数或者我的源代码严重错误fork-exec代码。
答案 0 :(得分:0)
至少对我来说,解决方案似乎是使用_exit
代替exit
。如果execve
失败,使用前者会立即杀死孩子,而不是产生奇怪的无限循环效果。
虽然我仍然不知道为什么exit
会导致无限循环,为什么_exit
会在exit
没有... {/ p>}的情况下工作
更新:这不是很好。解决问题的方法是在存在之前的循环中使用fgets
,并将所有行存储在字符串数组缓冲区中。然后,在下一个循环中,我只是逐个读取数组中的行。由于exit
正在重置文件指针,因此解决方案是不再使用循环中的文件指针。