我必须在C ++中实现二叉树,问题是我刚刚开始用C ++编写代码。所以我对这个主题并不熟悉,在用C或Python编写之前,而不是用C ++编写。
我已经创建并初始化了一棵二叉树,覆盖了一些leafes,一个树根元素,现在我想知道我所做的是否正常,因此它有效或完全无意义。
检查我的代码,我使用Visual Studio 2017 Enterprise:
"bintree.cpp"
#include "cseatreebin.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void main()
{
CSearchTreeBin MyTree;
std::cout << "#######################################################\n"
"##################Binary Tree C++######################\n";
MyTree.Insert(5);
MyTree.Insert(15);
MyTree.Insert(7);
MyTree.Insert(-5);
MyTree.Insert(6);
MyTree.Insert(3);
MyTree.Insert(650);
MyTree.Insert(20);
MyTree.Insert(-20);
MyTree.Insert(510);
MyTree.Print();
MyTree.Print(); cout << endl;
//cout << "Amount of Treenodes: " << MyTree.GetNrOfNodes() << endl;
// Amount/Number should be calculated again if allready called once
//cout << "Amount of Treenodes: " << MyTree.GetNrOfNodes() << endl;
// ... only if the tree has changed...
//MyTree.Insert(99);
//cout << "Number of treenodes: " << MyTree.GetNrOfNodes() << endl;
}
自定义标头文件:
"cseatreebin.h"
#ifndef SEARCHTREEBIN_H
#define SEARCHTREEBIN_H
class CSearchTreeBinInt;
class CSearchTreeBin
{
public:
CSearchTreeBin(void);
void Insert(int);
void Print();
private:
CSearchTreeBinInt *pInternalRep;
};
#endif // SEARCHTREEBIN_H
我的Binary Tree Initalationfile:
#include "cseatreebinint.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
CSearchTreeBinInt::CSearchTreeBinInt()
{
pRoot = 0; //init and create treeroot
};
void CSearchTreeBinInt::Insert(int dat)
{
Insert(pRoot, dat); //insert the root to the tree
}
void CSearchTreeBinInt::Insert(Node*& rpNode, int dat)
{
if (rpNode == NULL) //check if there are nodes in the tree
{
rpNode = new Node; //create new nodes if there are none
rpNode->dat = dat;
rpNode->pLeft = rpNode->pRight = NULL;
std::cout << "Binary Tree has been initalized correctly-> inserting new Elements!\n\n";
}
else
{
if (dat < rpNode->dat) { // inserted data is less then existing?
Insert(rpNode->pLeft, dat); // put it on the left
std::cout << "A Node has been inserted on the left!\n";
}
else { // if it's bigger then already existing nodes
Insert(rpNode->pRight, dat); // put it on the right side of the tree
std::cout << "A Node has been inserted on the right side!\n";
}
}
}
在这个文件中有些东西搞砸了,我不知道。我只想打印元素,而不是总是短信“Call Printfunction!”,我想将它们打印到输出控制台。图形输出可以在以后完成,现在我只想让它运行。
#include "cseatreebin.h"
#include "cseatreebinint.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
CSearchTreeBin::CSearchTreeBin()
{
pInternalRep=new CSearchTreeBinInt; //init. and creation of Binarytree
};
void CSearchTreeBin::Insert(int dat) //dat = is this the node which will be inserted?
{
pInternalRep->Insert(dat);
}
void CSearchTreeBin::Print() {
int a;
std::cout << "Printfunction has been called!\n\n";
if (pInternalRep == NULL) return;
//CSearchTreeBin::Print(); // this won't work that easily
//pInternalRep->CSearchTreeBin::Print();
}
不知怎的,我/我们必须找到一种方法来打印包含元素,如果它们已经在树中,否则我必须找到错误为什么树仍然是空的。
如上所述,我刚开始用C ++开发。是的,有一些BFS的样本算法或相关的东西,但它们都没有像我这样的复杂性。
答案 0 :(得分:0)
从您的代码我可以生成缺少的头文件。但是我的一些声明可能与你的不同。 node
和CSearchTreeBinInt
的标头文件如下所示,可能是:
/* "cseatreebinint.h"
*
*/
#ifndef SEARCHTREEBININT_H
#define SEARCHTREEBININT_H
class Node
{
public:
Node *pLeft, *pRight;
int dat;
void Print(); //maybe this needs to be added
};
class CSearchTreeBinInt
{
public:
Node* pRoot;
CSearchTreeBinInt(void);
void Insert(int);
void Insert(Node*& , int );
};
#endif // SEARCHTREEBININT_H
可能存在问题,因为我(简单地)将所有内容放在公共范围内。
您需要实现函数Node::Print
,因为我添加了此函数。例如。 简单,打印树的递归函数如下所示:
void Node::Print()
{
std::cout << "This node contains the value " << dat << std::endl;
if (pLeft != NULL)
{
pLeft->Print();
}
if (pRight != NULL)
{
pRight->Print();
}
}
这类似于Data Structures & Algorithms in Java, 2nd ed. by Robert Lafore第381-382页中的内容。如果你想用C ++继续编程这部分计算机科学,我建议用C ++学习一些通用的C ++和数据结构和算法(我听过Robert Sedgewick写了一本书)。
最后一步:在函数CSearchTreeBin::Print
中,您需要添加一个else-case并检查有效的根节点。如果根节点有效,则调用根节点的递归Print
并观察魔法发生。
您在代码注释中添加了更多问题,而您的代码中包含一些粗略的C ++部分(0
和NULL
之间的不一致,有时使用std::
,有时会写using namespace
} ...)。
此网页可能会帮助您学习C ++ - English或German中的元素。另外,欢迎使用C ++ - 编程。
编辑:你不会像我一样命名这个函数Node::Print
,但我会这样离开。