Question

我有这个数组

var arr = ["s00","s01","s02","s03","s04","s05","s07","s08","s09","s10","s11","s12","s13","s14","s17","s19","s20","s21","s22","s24","s25","s26","s27","s28","s30","s32","s33","s34","s36","s38","s39","s41","s43","s44","s45","s46","s47","s48","s49","s50","s51","s52","s53","s54","s55","s56","s58","s60","s61","s62","s63","s64","s65","s67","s69","s70"];

我试图找到一种能告诉我哪些s缺失的算法。如您所见，该列表包含连续的s s（s1，s2等。）

起初我选择了这个解决方案：

    var arr = ["s00","s01","s02","s03","s04","s05","s07","s08","s09","s10","s11","s12","s13","s14","s17","s19","s20","s21","s22","s24","s25","s26","s27","s28","s30","s32","s33","s34","s36","s38","s39","s41","s43","s44","s45","s46","s47","s48","s49","s50","s51","s52","s53","s54","s55","s56","s58","s60","s61","s62","s63","s64","s65","s67","s69","s70"];
for (var i=1;i<arr.length;i++){
    var thisI = parseInt(arr[i].toLowerCase().split("s")[1]);
    var prevI = parseInt(arr[i-1].toLowerCase().split("s")[1]);
    if (thisI != prevI+1)
      console.log(`Seems like ${prevI+1} is missing. thisI is ${thisI} and prevI is ${prevI}`)
}

但是这种方法失败了多个连续数字（s15，s16）。所以我添加了一个while循环。

var arr = ["s00","s01","s02","s03","s04","s05","s07","s08","s09","s10","s11","s12","s13","s14","s17","s19","s20","s21","s22","s24","s25","s26","s27","s28","s30","s32","s33","s34","s36","s38","s39","s41","s43","s44","s45","s46","s47","s48","s49","s50","s51","s52","s53","s54","s55","s56","s58","s60","s61","s62","s63","s64","s65","s67","s69","s70"];
for (var i=1;i<arr.length;i++){
  var thisI = parseInt(arr[i].toLowerCase().split("s")[1]);
  var prevI = parseInt(arr[i-1].toLowerCase().split("s")[1]);
  if (thisI != prevI+1) {
    while(thisI-1 !== prevI++){
       console.log(`Seems like ${prevI} is missing. thisI is ${thisI} and prevI is ${prevI}`)
    }
   }
}

然而，我觉得我过于复杂化了。我想创建一个理想的数组：

var idealArray = [];
for (var i =0; i<200;i++) {
  idealArray.push(i)
}

然后，在检查时，篡改我的数组（arr），以便循环检查两个相同长度的数组。即，使用此解决方案：

var idealArray = [];
for (var i =0; i<200;i++) {
  idealArray.push(i)
}
var arr = ["s00","s01","s02","s03","s04","s05","s07","s08","s09","s10","s11","s12","s13","s14","s17","s19","s20","s21","s22","s24","s25","s26","s27","s28","s30","s32","s33","s34","s36","s38","s39","s41","s43","s44","s45","s46","s47","s48","s49","s50","s51","s52","s53","s54","s55","s56","s58","s60","s61","s62","s63","s64","s65","s67","s69","s70"];
for (let i = 0; i<idealArray.length;i++){
  if (parseInt(arr[i].toLowerCase().split("s")[1]) != idealArray[i]) {
    console.log(`Seems like ${idealArray[i]}is missing`);
    arr.splice(i,0,"dummyel")
  }
}

但是，再一次，我觉得创建第二个数组也不是很有效（考虑一个大的列表，我会浪费不必要的空间）。

那么......我如何在JavaScript中有效地执行此任务？（有效地表示时间复杂度和空间复杂度尽可能接近O（1）。）

Answer 1

据我理解的理想阵列解决方案，您知道最大阵列大小（？）。因此，如果您有100个最大值并期望S00-S99，您可以这样做：

var arrayIndex=0;
for (var i =0; i<100;i++) {
   var idealValue="s"+("00"+i).slice(-2); // To get S01-S99
   if(arr.length <= arrayIndex || arr[arrayIndex]!=idealValue){
        console.log(idealValue + 'is missing');
   }
   arrayIndex++;
}

或类似的东西。我现在无法测试它;）但是迭代理想值列表并比较数组中的相同值。如果它不匹配则打印它。

Answer 2

你可以通过获取数组的两个元素来减少数组，并填补空白（如果存在）。

＆＃13;

const
    getNumber = s => +s.slice(1),
    pad = i => ('00' + i).slice(-2);

var array = ["s00", "s01", "s02", "s03", "s04", "s05", "s07", "s08", "s09", "s10", "s11", "s12", "s13", "s14", "s17", "s19", "s20", "s21", "s22", "s24", "s25", "s26", "s27", "s28", "s30", "s32", "s33", "s34", "s36", "s38", "s39", "s41", "s43", "s44", "s45", "s46", "s47", "s48", "s49", "s50", "s51", "s52", "s53", "s54", "s55", "s56", "s58", "s60", "s61", "s62", "s63", "s64", "s65", "s67", "s69", "s70"],
    result = [];

array.reduce((left, right) => {
    var l = getNumber(left),
        r = getNumber(right);

    while (++l < r) {
        result.push('s' + pad(l));
    }
    return right;
});

console.log(result);

＆＃13;

Answer 3

这只是一种方法，用于查找在给定数组中是否缺少数字序列中的某些元素。我们可以使用（n *（n + 1））/ 2来解析n个第一个数的加法。此外，如果数组以例如10开始，我们删除1-10 sum。这只是告诉我们是否缺少某些东西，而不是缺少什么。优点是阵列可以是未排序的。计算最小值比订购整个阵列便宜。

var arr = ["s00","s01","s02","s03","s04","s05","s07","s08","s09","s10","s11","s12","s13","s14","s17","s19","s20","s21","s22","s24","s25","s26","s27","s28","s30","s32","s33","s34","s36","s38","s39","s41","s43","s44","s45","s46","s47","s48","s49","s50","s51","s52","s53","s54","s55","s56","s58","s60","s61","s62","s63","s64","s65","s67","s69","s70"];

let total = 0;

for(let i = 0; i<arr.length; i++){
    arr[i] = parseInt(arr[i].replace("s", ""));
    total += arr[i];
}

let hipFirstSum = ((arr[0]-1)*(arr[0]))/2;  //or minimun
let n = arr[arr.length -1];
let hipSum = (n*(n+1))/2;
let realSum = hipSum - hipFirstSum;

(realSum != total)?console.log("wrong"):console.log("good");

Answer 4

这是基于已接受答案的递归方法，但重构为返回数据：

var arr = ["s00", "s01", "s02", "s03", "s04", "s05", "s07", "s08", "s09", "s10", "s11", "s12", "s13", "s14", "s17", "s19", "s20", "s21", "s22", "s24", "s25", "s26", "s27", "s28", "s30", "s32", "s33", "s34", "s36", "s38", "s39", "s41", "s43", "s44", "s45", "s46", "s47", "s48", "s49", "s50", "s51", "s52", "s53", "s54", "s55", "s56", "s58", "s60", "s61", "s62", "s63", "s64", "s65", "s67", "s69", "s70"];

function findMissing(arr, l, r) {
  var lval = Number(arr[l].substr(1));
  var rval = Number(arr[r].substr(1));
  // the segment has no gaps
  if (r - l === rval - lval) {
    return [];
  }
  // the segment has exactly two items
  if (r - l === 1) {
    return Array.from({ length: rval - lval - 1 }, function(x, i) {
      return "s" + (lval + 1 + i);
    });
  }
  // calculate middle using integer cast trick
  var m = (l + r) / 2 | 0;
  // process the segments [l, m] and [m, r]
  // note that m is processed twice and requires extra recursion
  // however this eliminates the extra coding needed to handle
  // the case where m and m + 1 are not consecutive
  return findMissing(arr, l, m).concat(findMissing(arr, m, r));
}
var result = findMissing(arr, 0, arr.length - 1);
console.log(result);

Answer 5

此版本使用所有可能的值填充数组，然后选择缺少的值：

＆＃13;

var arr = ["s00","s01","s02","s03","s04","s05","s07","s08","s09","s10","s11","s12","s13","s14","s17","s19","s20","s21","s22","s24","s25","s26","s27","s28","s30","s32","s33","s34","s36","s38","s39","s41","s43","s44","s45","s46","s47","s48","s49","s50","s51","s52","s53","s54","s55","s56","s58","s60","s61","s62","s63","s64","s65","s67","s69","s70"];

var fullArray = Array(71).fill().map((item, index) => "s"+(""+(0 + index)).padStart(2,"0"));

var missingValues = fullArray.filter( ( el ) => !arr.includes( el ) );

console.log(missingValues);

＆＃13;

具有更多的可读性和可重用性：

＆＃13;

var arr = ["s00","s01","s02","s03","s04","s05","s07","s08","s09","s10","s11","s12","s13","s14","s17","s19","s20","s21","s22","s24","s25","s26","s27","s28","s30","s32","s33","s34","s36","s38","s39","s41","s43","s44","s45","s46","s47","s48","s49","s50","s51","s52","s53","s54","s55","s56","s58","s60","s61","s62","s63","s64","s65","s67","s69","s70"];

var prependString = "s";
var numberOfDigits = 2;
var initialNumber = 0;
var finalNumber = 70;

var fullArray = Array(finalNumber - initialNumber + 1)
    .fill()
    .map((item, index) => prependString+(""+(initialNumber + index)).padStart(numberOfDigits,"0"));

var missingValues = fullArray.filter( ( el ) => !arr.includes( el ) );

console.log(missingValues);

＆＃13;

Answer 6

上面的C程序的Javascript版本，允许缺少元素的序列。

var util = require( 'util' );

//  Array of data.
var arr = [
        1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9,
    10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,
    20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,
    30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39,
    40, 41, 42, 43,         46, 47, 48, 49,
    50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59,
    60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70
];
var arr_len = arr.length;

//  Empty array?
if (arr_len == 0)
{
    console.log(
        util.format(
            "No elements." ));
    process.exit( 0 );
}

//  Pre-check.
var lim = arr[arr_len - 1] - (arr_len - 1);
if (lim == 0)
{
    printf(
        "No missing elements.\n" );
    return 0;
}

//  Initialize binary search.
var lo  = 0;
var hi  = arr_len;
var mid = 0;

//  Search metadata.
var cnt = 0;
var prv = 0;
var val = 0;
var i;

for (i = 0; i < arr_len && cnt < lim; i++)
{
    //  Get mid point of search.
    mid = (lo + hi) >> 1;

    //  Get array value, adjust and do comparisons
    val = arr[ mid ] - cnt;
    if (val === mid)
        lo = mid + 1;
    if (val > mid)
        hi = mid - 1;

    //  Have we found something?
    if (lo > hi)
    {
        //  Yes.  Divide and conquer.
        hi  = arr_len;
        prv = cnt;
        cnt = arr[ lo ] - lo;

        //  Report missing element(s).
        console.log(
            util.format(
                "Missing %d elements @ arr[ %d ] == %d, probes = %d",
                cnt - prv,
                lo,
                arr[ lo ],
                i + 1 ));
    }
}

console.log(
    util.format(
        "Probes: %d",
        i ));

Answer 7

一个快速而简单的解决方案是将数组的所有元素连接成一个字符串，然后在该字符串中搜索。

这是一个解决方案，它采用任何模式的数组（有序或无序，在任何情况下都能正常工作）（不需要硬编码的s0x模式）：

    const arr = ["s00","s01","s02","s03","s04","s05","s07","s08","s09","s10","s11","s12","s13","s14","s17","s19","s20","s21","s22","s24","s25","s26","s27","s28","s30","s32","s33","s34","s36","s38","s39","s41","s43","s44","s45","s46","s47","s48","s49","s50","s51","s52","s53","s54","s55","s56","s58","s60","s61","s62","s63","s64","s65","s67","s69","s70"];
    let firstIndex = Number(arr[0].replace(/\D/, ''));
    let lastIndex = Number(arr[arr.length-1].replace(/\D/, ''));
    let separator = ',';
    
    let arrString = separator + arr.join(separator) + separator;
    for (let i = firstIndex; i <= lastIndex; i++) {
    	let element = arr[0].slice(0, arr[0].length - String(i).length) + i;
    
    	if (arrString.indexOf(separator + element + separator) < 0) {
			console.log(element)
    	}
    }

Answer 8

使用布尔数组来跟踪当前项：-

let numbers = arr.map(s => +s.slice(1)); // Convert to numbers
let maximum = Math.max.apply(null, numbers); // Get the maximum
let missing = Array(maximum).fill(true); // start with all missing
let answer = numbers.reduce((p, c) => (p[c] = false, p), missing); // set to false if there
answer.forEach((e,i) =>  (e && console.log(i + " seems to be missing"))); // show answer

也适用于随机排列的数字。

如何有效地检查连续数字列表是否缺少任何元素

8 个答案: