我很新，很缺乏经验。我从MSDN下载了一个WPF版本的俄罗斯方块来查看代码并尝试查看最新情况，但程序中存在错误，我不确定是什么导致它。例外情况如下：
System.IndexOutOfRangeException was unhandled
Message=Index was outside the bounds of the array.
Source=WPFTetris
StackTrace:
at WPFTetris.Window1.PaintBlock() in C:\Code Snips and LIT\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\Window1.xaml.cs:line 544
at WPFTetris.Window1.RotateBlockClockwise() in C:\Code Snips and LIT\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\Window1.xaml.cs:line 232
at WPFTetris.Window1.HandleKeyDown(Object sender, KeyEventArgs e) in C:\Code Snips and LIT\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\Window1.xaml.cs:line 202
at System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs.InvokeHandler(Delegate handler, Object target)
at System.Windows.EventRoute.InvokeHandlersImpl(Object source, RoutedEventArgs args, Boolean reRaised)
at System.Windows.UIElement.RaiseEventImpl(DependencyObject sender, RoutedEventArgs args)
at System.Windows.UIElement.RaiseEvent(RoutedEventArgs args, Boolean trusted)
at System.Windows.Input.InputManager.ProcessStagingArea()
at System.Windows.Input.InputManager.ProcessInput(InputEventArgs input)
at System.Windows.Input.InputProviderSite.ReportInput(InputReport inputReport)
at System.Windows.Interop.HwndKeyboardInputProvider.ReportInput(IntPtr hwnd, InputMode mode, Int32 timestamp, RawKeyboardActions actions, Int32 scanCode, Boolean isExtendedKey, Boolean isSystemKey, Int32 virtualKey)
at System.Windows.Interop.HwndKeyboardInputProvider.ProcessKeyAction(MSG& msg, Boolean& handled)
at System.Windows.Interop.HwndSource.CriticalTranslateAccelerator(MSG& msg, ModifierKeys modifiers)
at System.Windows.Interop.HwndSource.OnPreprocessMessage(Object param)
at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter)
at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter, Delegate catchHandler)
at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.InvokeImpl(DispatcherPriority priority, TimeSpan timeout, Delegate method, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter)
at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.Invoke(DispatcherPriority priority, Delegate method, Object arg)
at System.Windows.Interop.HwndSource.OnPreprocessMessageThunk(MSG& msg, Boolean& handled)
at System.Windows.Interop.ComponentDispatcherThread.RaiseThreadMessage(MSG& msg)
at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.TranslateAndDispatchMessage(MSG& msg)
at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.PushFrameImpl(DispatcherFrame frame)
at System.Windows.Application.RunInternal(Window window)
at WPFTetris.App.Main() in C:\Code Snips and LIT\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\obj\Debug\App.g.cs:line 0
at System.AppDomain._nExecuteAssembly(Assembly assembly, String[] args)
at Microsoft.VisualStudio.HostingProcess.HostProc.RunUsersAssembly()
at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state)
at System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart()
InnerException:
源代码的一部分在......
之下System.IndexOutOfRangeException was unhandled
Message=Index was outside the bounds of the array.
Source=WPFTetris
StackTrace:
at WPFTetris.Window1.PaintBlock() in C:\Code Snips and LIT\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\Window1.xaml.cs:line 544
at WPFTetris.Window1.RotateBlockClockwise() in C:\Code Snips and LIT\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\Window1.xaml.cs:line 232
at WPFTetris.Window1.HandleKeyDown(Object sender, KeyEventArgs e) in C:\Code Snips and LIT\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\Window1.xaml.cs:line 202
at System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs.InvokeHandler(Delegate handler, Object target)
at System.Windows.EventRoute.InvokeHandlersImpl(Object source, RoutedEventArgs args, Boolean reRaised)
at System.Windows.UIElement.RaiseEventImpl(DependencyObject sender, RoutedEventArgs args)
at System.Windows.UIElement.RaiseEvent(RoutedEventArgs args, Boolean trusted)
at System.Windows.Input.InputManager.ProcessStagingArea()
at System.Windows.Input.InputManager.ProcessInput(InputEventArgs input)
at System.Windows.Input.InputProviderSite.ReportInput(InputReport inputReport)
at System.Windows.Interop.HwndKeyboardInputProvider.ReportInput(IntPtr hwnd, InputMode mode, Int32 timestamp, RawKeyboardActions actions, Int32 scanCode, Boolean isExtendedKey, Boolean isSystemKey, Int32 virtualKey)
at System.Windows.Interop.HwndKeyboardInputProvider.ProcessKeyAction(MSG& msg, Boolean& handled)
at System.Windows.Interop.HwndSource.CriticalTranslateAccelerator(MSG& msg, ModifierKeys modifiers)
at System.Windows.Interop.HwndSource.OnPreprocessMessage(Object param)
at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter)
at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter, Delegate catchHandler)
at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.InvokeImpl(DispatcherPriority priority, TimeSpan timeout, Delegate method, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter)
at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.Invoke(DispatcherPriority priority, Delegate method, Object arg)
at System.Windows.Interop.HwndSource.OnPreprocessMessageThunk(MSG& msg, Boolean& handled)
at System.Windows.Interop.ComponentDispatcherThread.RaiseThreadMessage(MSG& msg)
at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.TranslateAndDispatchMessage(MSG& msg)
at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.PushFrameImpl(DispatcherFrame frame)
at System.Windows.Application.RunInternal(Window window)
at WPFTetris.App.Main() in C:\Code Snips and LIT\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\WPFTetris\obj\Debug\App.g.cs:line 0
at System.AppDomain._nExecuteAssembly(Assembly assembly, String[] args)
at Microsoft.VisualStudio.HostingProcess.HostProc.RunUsersAssembly()
at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state)
at System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart()
InnerException:
源代码的一部分在......
之下namespace WPFTetris
public partial class Window1 : System.Windows.Window
{
public Label[,] blocksControls;
public Point[] fallingBlock;
public Point fallingBlockPosition;
public Brush fallingBlockBrush;
public Brush NO_BLOCK_BRUSH;
public Brush FLASH_ROW_BRUSH;
public Thickness NO_BLOCK_THICKNESS;
public Thickness IN_BLOCK_THICKNESS;
public int nextLevelScoreThreshold;
public int currentScore;
public int currentLevel;
public const int ROW_REMOVED_POINTS = 100;
public bool blockJustShowed;
/* Everytime the Timer overflows the system does one move,
* either move the block down, or show next block */
System.Windows.Forms.Timer blockStepTimer;
public Window1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void SetGridBackroundImage()
{
//ImageBrush image = new ImageBrush(
}
void Window1_Initialized(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
/**/
SetGridBackroundImage();
/**/
nextLevelScoreThreshold = 500;
currentLevel = 0;
currentScore = 0;
NO_BLOCK_BRUSH = Brushes.Transparent;
FLASH_ROW_BRUSH = Brushes.White;
NO_BLOCK_THICKNESS = new Thickness(0, 0, 0, 0);
IN_BLOCK_THICKNESS = new Thickness(2, 2, 2, 2);
/*Init blocks array*/
int rowCount;
int columnCount;
rowCount = tetrisGrid.RowDefinitions.Count;
columnCount = tetrisGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Count;
/*init fallingBlock array*/
fallingBlock = new Point[4];
for (int i = 0; i < fallingBlock.Length; i++)
{
fallingBlock[i] = new Point(0,0);
}
/**/
fallingBlockPosition = new Point(0,0);
/**/
blockStepTimer = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer();
blockStepTimer.Interval = 700;
blockStepTimer.Tick += new EventHandler(blockStepTimer_Tick);
blockStepTimer.Enabled = false;
AddBlocksControls();
}
private void AddBlocksControls()
{
int rowCount;
int columnCount;
rowCount = tetrisGrid.RowDefinitions.Count;
columnCount = tetrisGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Count;
blocksControls = new Label[rowCount,columnCount];
for(int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
{
for(int j = 0; j < columnCount; j++)
{
Label blockLabel = new Label();
blockLabel.Background = NO_BLOCK_BRUSH;
blocksControls[i, j] = blockLabel;
Border blockBorder = new Border();
blockBorder.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black;
blockBorder.Child = blockLabel;
/* Can't believe te following block of code works.
* where the hell are the column and the row stored?!?
* Not in tetrisGrid, because the VM only knows that it
* is part of tetrisGrid _after_ both the row and col have
* been set.
*/
Grid.SetRow(blockBorder, i);
Grid.SetColumn(blockBorder, j);
tetrisGrid.Children.Add(blockBorder);
}
}
}
public void StartNewGame(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
blockStepTimer.Start();
ShowNextBlock();
}
public void btnDebugAction_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
MessageBox.Show(" Type = " + tetrisGrid.GetType().ToString()
+ "\n\n IsEquals to Grid.Type() = ");
}
private void blockStepTimer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
MoveBlockDown();
}
/// <summary>
/// Handles all KeyDown events for all controls
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void HandleKeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
switch (e.Key)
{
case Key.Left:
MoveBlockLeft();
break;
case Key.Right:
MoveBlockRight();
break;
case Key.Down:
MoveBlockDown();
break;
case Key.Up:
RotateBlockClockwise();
break;
case Key.Pause:
TogglePauseState();
break;
case Key.F2:
StartNewGame(null, null);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
private void RotateBlockClockwise()
{
ClearBlock();
//using regular for loop beacuse foreach causes iterator problems
for (int i = 0; i < fallingBlock.Length; i++)
{
int x = (int)fallingBlock[i].X;
fallingBlock[i].X = fallingBlock[i].Y;
fallingBlock[i].Y = -1 * x;
}
PaintBlock();
}
private void MoveBlockRight()
{
LinkedList<Point> rightestPoints = new LinkedList<Point>();
int rightestX = int.MinValue; //the highestValue, which is the lowest row
foreach (Point p in fallingBlock)
{
if (rightestX == p.X)
{
rightestPoints.AddFirst(p);
}
else if (rightestX < p.X)
{
rightestX = (int)p.X;
rightestPoints.Clear();
rightestPoints.AddFirst(p);
}
}
int baseX = (int)(fallingBlockPosition.X);
int baseY = (int)(fallingBlockPosition.Y);
int gridColumnCount = tetrisGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Count;
/*Check that it can move down*/
bool canMoveRight = true;
foreach (Point p in rightestPoints)
{
/* -1 to check if the next possible value goes out of bounds*/
if ((baseX + p.X + 1) >= gridColumnCount)
{
canMoveRight = false;
break;
}
else if (blocksControls[(int)(baseY + p.Y), (int)(p.X + baseX + 1)].Background != NO_BLOCK_BRUSH)
{
canMoveRight = false;
break;
}
}
if (!canMoveRight)
{
return;
}
/*move right*/
ClearBlock();
fallingBlockPosition.X++;
PaintBlock();
}
private void MoveBlockLeft()
{
LinkedList<Point> leftestPoints = new LinkedList<Point>();
int leftestX = int.MaxValue; //the highestValue, which is the lowest row
foreach (Point p in fallingBlock)
{
if (leftestX == p.X)
{
leftestPoints.AddFirst(p);
}
else if (leftestX > p.X)
{
leftestX = (int)p.X;
leftestPoints.Clear();
leftestPoints.AddFirst(p);
}
}
int baseX = (int)(fallingBlockPosition.X);
int baseY = (int)(fallingBlockPosition.Y);
/*Check that it can move down*/
bool canMoveLeft = true;
foreach (Point p in leftestPoints)
{
/* -1 to check if the next possible value goes out of bounds*/
if ((baseX + p.X - 1) < 0)
{
canMoveLeft = false;
break;
}
else if (blocksControls[(int)(baseY + p.Y), (int)(p.X + baseX - 1)].Background != NO_BLOCK_BRUSH)
{
canMoveLeft = false;
break;
}
}
if (!canMoveLeft)
{
return;
}
/*move left*/
ClearBlock();
fallingBlockPosition.X--;
PaintBlock();
}
private void MoveBlockDown()
{
LinkedList<Point> lowestPoints = new LinkedList<Point>();
int lowestY = int.MinValue; //the highestValue, which is the lowest row
foreach (Point p in fallingBlock)
{
if(lowestY == p.Y)
{
lowestPoints.AddFirst(p);
}
else if (lowestY < p.Y)
{
lowestY = (int)p.Y;
lowestPoints.Clear();
lowestPoints.AddFirst(p);
}
}
int baseX = (int)(fallingBlockPosition.X);
int baseY = (int)(fallingBlockPosition.Y);
int gridRowCount = tetrisGrid.RowDefinitions.Count;
/*Check that it can move down*/
bool canMoveDown = true;
foreach (Point p in lowestPoints)
{
/* +1 to check if the next possible value goes out of bounds*/
if ((baseY + p.Y + 1) >= gridRowCount)
{
canMoveDown = false;
break;
}
else if (blocksControls[(int)(baseY + p.Y + 1), (int)(p.X + baseX)].Background != NO_BLOCK_BRUSH)
{
if (blockJustShowed)
{
LooseGame();
return;
}
canMoveDown = false;
break;
}
}
if (!canMoveDown)
{
CheckForRowCompleted();
ShowNextBlock();
return;
}
/*move down*/
ClearBlock();
fallingBlockPosition.Y++;
blockJustShowed = false;
PaintBlock();
}
private void CheckForRowCompleted()
{
int rowCount = tetrisGrid.RowDefinitions.Count;
int columnCount = tetrisGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Count;
int completedRow = -1;
for (int row = rowCount - 1; row >= 0; row--)
{
bool completed = true;
for (int col = 0; col < columnCount; col++)
{
if (blocksControls[row, col].Background == NO_BLOCK_BRUSH)
{
completed = false;
break;
}
}
if (completed)
{
completedRow = row;
break;
}
}
if (completedRow != -1)
{
//FlashTetrisRow(completedRow);
RemoveTetrisRow(completedRow);
IncrementScore(ROW_REMOVED_POINTS);
CheckForRowCompleted(); // and remove another one if exists
}
}
/*Not being used right now*/
private void FlashTetrisRow(int rowToFlash)
{
blockStepTimer.Stop();
PaintRow(rowToFlash, FLASH_ROW_BRUSH);
//Thread.Sleep(900);
}
private void RemoveTetrisRow(int rowToRemove)
{
int columnCount = tetrisGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Count;
for (int row = rowToRemove; row > 0; row--)
{
for (int col = 0; col < columnCount; col++)
{
blocksControls[row, col].Background = blocksControls[row - 1, col].Background;
Border currentRowBorder = ((Border)blocksControls[row, col].Parent);
Border upperRowBorder = ((Border)blocksControls[row - 1, col].Parent);
currentRowBorder.BorderThickness = upperRowBorder.BorderThickness;
}
}
//clear topmost row
for (int col = 0; col < columnCount; col++)
{
PaintRow(0, NO_BLOCK_BRUSH);
Border blockBorder = (Border)blocksControls[0, col].Parent;
blockBorder.BorderThickness = NO_BLOCK_THICKNESS;
}
}
public void IncrementScore(int amount)
{
currentScore += amount;
scoreLabel.Content = "" + currentScore;
if (currentScore >= nextLevelScoreThreshold)
{
currentLevel++;
levelLabel.Content = "" + currentLevel;
nextLevelScoreThreshold += 10 * ROW_REMOVED_POINTS;
blockStepTimer.Interval = (int)(.85 * blockStepTimer.Interval);
}
scoreLabel.Content = "" + currentScore;
}
/* Paints only one row. Good for doing the flashing when a row is ocmpleted,
* amongst other things. */
private void PaintRow(int row, Brush brush)
{
int columnCount = tetrisGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Count;
for( int col = 0; col < columnCount; col++)
{
blocksControls[row, col].Background = brush;
}
}
private void ShowNextBlock()
{
int columnCount = tetrisGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Count;
fallingBlock = GenerateRandomBlock();
fallingBlockPosition = new Point(columnCount / 2,1);
PaintBlock();
blockJustShowed = true;
}
private void ClearBlock()
{
foreach (Point p in fallingBlock)
{
int i = (int)(fallingBlockPosition.X + p.X);
int j = (int)(fallingBlockPosition.Y + p.Y);
blocksControls[j,i].Background = NO_BLOCK_BRUSH;
Border blockBorder = (Border)blocksControls[j, i].Parent;
blockBorder.BorderThickness = NO_BLOCK_THICKNESS;
}
}
private void PaintBlock()
{
foreach (Point p in fallingBlock)
{
int i = (int)(fallingBlockPosition.X + p.X);
int j = (int)(fallingBlockPosition.Y + p.Y);
blocksControls[j, i].Background = fallingBlockBrush;
Border blockBorder = (Border)blocksControls[j, i].Parent;
blockBorder.BorderThickness = IN_BLOCK_THICKNESS;
}
}
private void LooseGame()
{
MessageBox.Show("You Lost");
blockStepTimer.Stop();
}
private void TogglePauseState()
{
/*Toggle boolean value*/
blockStepTimer.Enabled = !blockStepTimer.Enabled;
}
private Point[] GenerateRandomBlock()
{
Random rand = new Random();
switch (rand.Next() % 7)
{
case 0: //T
fallingBlockBrush = Brushes.Green;
return new Point[]{
new Point(0,0),
new Point(-1,0),
new Point(0,-1),
new Point(1,0),
};
case 1: //LDer
fallingBlockBrush = Brushes.Red;
return new Point[]{
new Point(0,0),
new Point(0,-1),
new Point(0,1),
new Point(1,1),
};
case 2: // _
fallingBlockBrush = Brushes.Lime;
return new Point[]{
new Point(0,0),
new Point(-1,0),
new Point(1,0),
new Point(2,0),
};
case 3: //LIzq
fallingBlockBrush = Brushes.Orange;
return new Point[]{
new Point(0,0),
new Point(0,-1),
new Point(0,1),
new Point(-1,1),
};
case 4: //SDer (Z)
fallingBlockBrush = Brushes.Purple;
return new Point[]{
new Point(0,0),
new Point(-1,0),
new Point(0,1),
new Point(1,1),
};
case 5: //SIzq (S)
fallingBlockBrush = Brushes.Gray;
return new Point[]{
new Point(0,0),
new Point(1,0),
new Point(0,1),
new Point(-1,1),
};
case 6: //Cuadro
fallingBlockBrush = Brushes.LightGoldenrodYellow;
return new Point[]{
new Point(0,0),
new Point(0,1),
new Point(1,0),
new Point(1,1),
};
default:
return null;
}
}
}
还有更多的代码，但这是我认为错误所在的部分。如果需要任何其他信息，请随时询问。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
blocksControls[j, i].Background = fallingBlockBrush;
i，j引用blocksControls内的非现有索引。至于为什么会出现这种情况，您需要调试正在执行的代码，以便了解该索引不存在的原因。