Question

我想根据自定义数据类型对向量进行排序。我跟着Sorting a vector of custom objects 回答。我正在使用lambda函数来比较对象。但是我在排序时遇到编译错误：

/ usr / include / c ++ / 7 / bits / stl_algo.h：1852：错误：无法绑定类型＆＃39; MyData＆amp;＆＃39;的非常量左值引用。到类型＆＃39; std :: remove_reference :: type {aka MyData}＆＃39;的rvalue * __ first = _GLIBCXX_MOVE（__ val）; ^

的main.cpp

#include "mydata.h"
#include <vector>

int main()
{
    std::vector<MyData> tv {MyData(2,21), MyData(3,20), MyData(10,100), MyData(9,20)};

    std::sort(tv.begin(), tv.end(), []( MyData const& lhs, MyData const& rhs ){
         return lhs.get_size() < rhs.get_size();
    });

    return 0;
}

mydata.cpp

#ifndef MYDATA_H
#define MYDATA_H
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>

class MyData
{
private:

    int *m_data;
    int m_x;
    size_t m_size;

public:
    MyData(const size_t &size,int const &x):
        m_data(new int[size]),
        m_x(x),
        m_size(size)
    {

        std::fill_n(m_data,m_size, m_x);
        std::cout << *m_data << " ctor" << m_size << std::endl;
    }

    MyData(const MyData& other):
        m_data(new int[other.m_size]),
        m_x(other.m_x),
        m_size(other.m_size)
    {
        std::fill_n(m_data,m_size, m_x);
        std::cout << *m_data << " cctor" << m_size << std::endl;
    }

    MyData& operator=(MyData& other)
    {
        std::cout << *m_data << " cbctor" << m_size << std::endl;
        swap(*this,other);
        std::cout << *m_data << " cactor" << m_size << std::endl;
        return *this;
    }

    ~MyData(){
        std::cout << *m_data << " dtor" << m_size << std::endl;
        delete[] m_data;
    }

    size_t get_size() const{
        return m_size;
    }

    friend void swap(MyData& first, MyData& second){    // (1)
        std::swap(first.m_size, second.m_size);
        std::swap(first.m_x, second.m_x);
        std::swap(first.m_data, second.m_data);
    }

    friend std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& stream, const MyData& mydata) {
        stream << *(mydata.m_data) << " " << mydata.m_size << " "<< mydata.m_x;
        return stream;

    }

};

#endif // MYDATA_H

我不明白这个错误。我没有更改引用的值，为什么我收到此错误。我也读过this，但不明白为什么会在这里发生。谢谢。

Answer 1

可以有某种类型的声明复制赋值运算符。

当可以使用复制和交换习惯用法时，这是复制赋值运算符的典型声明：
```
MyData& operator=(MyData other);
```
这是典型的复制赋值运算符声明不能使用复制和交换习惯用法（不可交换类型或降级性能）：
```
MyData& operator=(const MyData& other);
```

因此，要在实现中使用swap，可以将复制赋值运算符声明为MyData& operator=(MyData other);

Answer 2

你应该修改你的代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <thread>
#include <atomic>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;
class MyData
{
private:

    int *m_data;
    int m_x;
    size_t m_size;

public:
    MyData(const size_t &size, int const &x) :
        m_data(new int[size]),
        m_x(x),
        m_size(size)
    {

        std::fill_n(m_data, m_size, m_x);
        std::cout << *m_data << " ctor" << m_size << std::endl;
    }

    MyData(const MyData& other) :
        m_data(new int[other.m_size]),
        m_x(other.m_x),
        m_size(other.m_size)
    {
        std::fill_n(m_data, m_size, m_x);
        std::cout << *m_data << " cctor" << m_size << std::endl;
    }

    MyData& operator=(const MyData& other)
    {
        std::cout << *m_data << " cbctor" << m_size << std::endl;
        //swap(*this, other);

        if (this != &other)
        {
            this->m_data = new int[other.m_size];
            for (size_t i = 0; i < other.m_size; ++i)
            {
                this->m_data[i] = other.m_data[i];
            }
            this->m_x = other.m_x;
            this->m_size = other.m_size;
        }
        std::cout << *m_data << " cactor" << m_size << std::endl;
        return *this;
    }

    ~MyData() {
        std::cout << *m_data << " dtor" << m_size << std::endl;
        delete[] m_data;
    }

    size_t get_size() const {
        return m_size;
    }

    friend void swap(MyData& first, MyData& second) {    // (1)
        std::swap(first.m_size, second.m_size);
        std::swap(first.m_x, second.m_x);
        std::swap(first.m_data, second.m_data);
    }

    friend std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& stream, const MyData& mydata) {
        stream << *(mydata.m_data) << " " << mydata.m_size << " " << mydata.m_x;
        return stream;

    }

};

int main()
{
    std::vector<MyData> tv{ MyData(2,21), MyData(3,20), MyData(10,100), MyData(9,20) };

    std::sort(tv.begin(), tv.end(), [](MyData const& lhs, MyData const& rhs) {
        return lhs.get_size() < rhs.get_size();
    });
    std::system("pause");
    return 0;
}

无法使用带有const引用的lambda对std :: vector进行排序

2 个答案: